View source for Finance:List of countries by public sector

This is a '''list of countries by public sector''', calculated as the number of [[Social:Public sector|public sector]] employees as a percentage of the total workforce. Information is based mainly on data from the OECD<ref name="OECD15">{{Cite journal|title=Employment in the public sector|url=https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/government-at-a-glance-2015_gov_glance-2015-en|journal=Government at a Glance 2015|publisher=OECD Publishing|location=Paris|author=OECD|year=2015|accessdate=June 16, 2018}}</ref><ref name="OECD13">{{Cite journal|title=Employment in general government and public corporations|url=http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/gov_glance-2013-en/05/01/g5-02.html?contentType=%2fns%2fStatisticalPublication%2c%2fns%2fChapter&itemId=%2fcontent%2fchapter%2fgov_glance-2013-32-en&mimeType=text%2fhtml&containerItemId=%2fcontent%2fserial%2f22214399&accessItemIds=&_csp_=7226b18ecfc0b354f7f2f8ab786d6a97|journal=Government at a Glance 2013|publisher=OECD Publishing|location=Paris|author=OECD|year=2013}}</ref><ref name="OECD11">{{Cite journal|title=Employment in General Government and Public Corporations|url=http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/gov_glance-2011-en/05/01/gv-21-02.html?itemId=/content/chapter/gov_glance-2011-27-en&_csp_=6514ff186e872f0ad7b772c5f31fbf2f|journal=Government at a Glance 2011|publisher=OECD Publishing|location=Paris|author=OECD|year=2011}}</ref> and the ILO.<ref name="ILO">{{Cite web|title=Share of employment in the public sector by sex (%)|url=https://www.ilo.org/ilostat/faces/help_home/data_by_subject/subject-details/indicator-details-by-subject?subject=PSE&indicator=EMP_XPSS_SEX_RT&datasetCode=YI&collectionCode=YI&_afrLoop=3698599761131252#%40%3Findicator%3DEMP_XPSS_SEX_RT%26subject%3DPSE%26_afrLoop%3D3698599761131252%26datasetCode%3DYI%26collectionCode%3DYI%26_adf.ctrl-state%3Dyajy2nny8_190|work=International Labour Organization|accessdate=20 October 2015}} {{dead link|date=June 2018}}</ref> If a source has figures for more than one year, only the most recent figure is used (with notes for exceptional circumstances).
In the former Eastern Bloc countries, the public sector in 1989 accounted for between 70% to over 90% of total employment.<ref name="WB14b">{{Cite book|authors=Omar S. Arias, Carolina Sánchez-Páramo, María E. Dávalos, Indhira Santos, Erwin R. Tiongson, Carola Gruen, Natasha de Andrade Falcão, Gady Saiovici, Cesar A. Cancho|title=Back to Work: Growing with Jobs in Europe and Central Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xqrFAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=no#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=World Bank Publications|year=2014|isbn=9780821399118|pages=86, 101}}</ref> In {{wipe|China}} a full 100% of employees were employed in the public sector by 1978, the year the Chinese economic reform was launched, after which the rates dropped to 56.4% in 1995 and 32.8% in 2003.<ref name="Zeng">{{Cite book|author=Zeng, Jin|year=2013|title=State-Led Privatization in China: The Politics of Economic Reform|publisher=Routledge|url=https://books.google.no/books?id=TfUhAQAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&hl=no&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false|isbn=9781134464890|pages=52–53}}</ref>

In OECD countries, the average public sector employment rate was 21.3% in 2013.<ref name="OECD15"/>

== List ==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-style="background:#ececec; vertical-align:top;"
!Country !! data-sort-type="number"|OECD (%)<ref name="OECD15"/><ref name="OECD13"/><ref name="OECD11"/> !! data-sort-type="number"|ILO (%)<ref name="ILO"/> <ref>https://www.ilo.org/ilostat/faces/wcnav_defaultSelection;ILOSTATCOOKIE=AiC8lHvbyZkHSgKV8NmHD-Fk-RhVvHD4BESHNWbkUH7-Bk1VALDb!1669746576?_afrLoop=1092739279134119&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=null#!%40%40%3F_afrWindowId%3Dnull%26_afrLoop%3D1092739279134119%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3D17m2i1zor1_4</ref> <ref>https://www.ilo.org/ilostat/faces/oracle/webcenter/portalapp/pagehierarchy/Page27.jspx?subject=EMP&indicator=PSE_TPSE_GOV_NB&datasetCode=A&collectionCode=YI&_afrLoop=1093627555138474&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=null#!%40%40%3Findicator%3DPSE_TPSE_GOV_NB%26_afrWindowId%3Dnull%26subject%3DEMP%26_afrLoop%3D1093627555138474%26datasetCode%3DA%26collectionCode%3DYI%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3D17m2i1zor1_142</ref> !! data-sort-type="number"|Other estimates (%)
|-
|{{flag|Albania}}|| ||16.6 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Armenia}}|| ||21.8 (2013) ||17.6 ([[Organization:World Bank|World Bank]] publication, 2009)<ref name="WB14">{{Cite book|authors=Indermit S. Gill, Ivailo Izvorski, Willem van Eeghen, Donato De Rosa|title=Diversified Development: Making the Most of Natural Resources in Eurasia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U_IXAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=no#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=World Bank Publications|year=2014|isbn=9781464801204|page=164}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Australia}}||20.4 (2012) ||18.0 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Austria}}||15.2 (2014) ||15.1 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Azerbaijan}}|| ||25.9 (2013) ||21.7 (World Bank publication, 2009)<ref name="WB14"/>
|-
|{{flag|Bahamas}}|| ||33.7 (2009) ||
|-
|{{flag|Bangladesh}}|| ||8.0 (2010) ||
|-
|{{flag|Bahrain}}|| || ||8.4*{{efn|name=GCC}} (Baldwin-Edwards, 2010)<ref name="Baldwin-Edwards">{{Cite journal|author=Baldwin-Edwards, Martin|year=2011|title=Labour immigration and labour markets in the GCC countries: national patterns and trends.|journal=Kuwait Programme on Development, Governance and Globalisation in the Gulf States|volume=15|publisher=The London School of Economics and Political Science|location=London|page=15}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Barbados}}|| ||22.3 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Belarus}}|| ||50.6 (2013) ||72.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)<ref name="WB14b"/>, 40.1 (BelStat, 2017)<ref>[http://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/trud/godovye-dannye/raspredelenie-chislennosti-zanyatogo-naseleniya-po-formam-sobstvennosti1/ National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, "Численность занятого населения по формам собственности"]</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Belgium}}||21.5 (2013) ||19.6 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Bermuda}}|| ||10.3 (2010) ||
|-
|{{flag|Bhutan}}|| ||17.8 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Botswana}}|| ||19.5 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Brazil}}||12.1 (2013) ||20.0 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Bulgaria}}|| ||24.5 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Cameroon}}|| ||9.8 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Canada}}||22.4 (2013) ||19.9 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Chile}}||14.0 (2013) ||11.5 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|China}}|| ||50.0 (2012) ||29.3 (2004)<ref name="Zeng"/> 50 (2011, Business Insider)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/chart-of-the-day-government-sector-employment-2011-11|title=CHART OF THE DAY: Guess Which Country Has The Highest Percentage Of Workers Employed By The Government|newspaper=Business Insider|access-date=2017-02-09|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Colombia}}||10.0 (2013) ||10.0 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Costa Rica}}|| ||18.2 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Croatia}}|| ||31.7 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Czech Republic}}||18.0 (2013) || 15.4 (2015) ||
|-
|{{flag|Cuba}}|| ||77.0 (2010) ||
|-
|{{flag|Denmark}}||32.9 (2011) ||31.4 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}|| ||12.0 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Ecuador}}|| ||19.0  (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Egypt}}|| ||26.3 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|El Salvador}}|| ||11.0  (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Estonia}}||22.0 (2013) ||20.7 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Ethiopia}}|| ||29.5 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Finland}}||27.0 (2013) || 24.7 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|France}}||28.0 (2013) ||24.9 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Georgia}}|| ||17.4 (2014) ||21.1 (World Bank publication, 2009)<ref name="WB14"/>
|-
|{{flag|Ghana}}|| ||11.0 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Germany}}||15.3 (2012) || 12.9 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Greece}}||14.6 (2012) ||11.2 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Guatemala}}|| ||11.5 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Guinea}}|| ||8.0 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Haiti}}||||9.0 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Hong Kong}}|| ||7.5 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Hungary}}||24.8 (2012) ||24.8 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|India}}|| || 3.80  (2014) || 4.7*{{efn|name=India}} (2002)<ref>{{Cite book|author=Kumar, Rajiv|year=2008|title=India and the Global Economy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CwT18r6-4zIC&lpg=PP1&hl=no&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Academic Foundation|isbn=9788171886616|page=246}}</ref>    3.80 (World Bank Data and Reserve Bank of India Data, 2012)<ref>https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.TOTL.IN?contextual=default&end=2012&locations=IN&most_recent_value_desc=false&start=1990</ref><ref>https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=15804</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Iran}}|| ||18.3 (2008) ||
|-
|{{flag|Ireland}}||19.5 (2014) ||17.9 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Israel}}||20.7 (2007) || 18.5 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Italy}}||18.3 (2013) || 16.0 (2013)  ||
|-
|{{flag|Japan}}||12.9 (2014) ||10.9 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Jordan}}|| ||33.1 (2004) ||
|-
|{{flag|Kazakhstan}}|| ||23.3 (2012) ||20.8 (World Bank publication, 2009)<ref name="WB14"/>
|-
|{{flag|Kuwait}}|| ||44.6 (2008) ||18.5*{{efn|name=GCC}} (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)<ref name="Baldwin-Edwards"/>
|-
|{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}|| || ||15.1 (World Bank publication, 2009)<ref name="WB14"/>
|-
|{{flag|Latvia}}||31.2 (2013) ||29.2 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Liechtenstein}}|| ||7.1 (2015) ||
|-
|{{flag|Lithuania}}|| ||24.0 (2013) || 24.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)<ref name="WB14b"/>
|-
|{{flag|Luxembourg}}||22.1 (2011) || ||
|-
|{{flag|Macau}}|| ||6.5 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|North Macedonia}}|| ||23.2 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Madagascar}}|| ||11.0 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Malaysia}}|| ||19.0 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Mali}}|| ||8.4 (2010) ||
|-
|{{flag|Mexico}}||13.8 (2013) ||11.5 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Moldova}}|| ||36.0 (2014) ||41.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)<ref name="WB14b"/>
|-
|{{flag|Mongolia}}|| ||28.0 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Morocco}}|| ||12.1 (2012) ||
|-
|OECD||21.3*{{efn|name=OECD}} (2013) || ||
|-
|{{flag|Oman}}|| || ||14.0*{{efn|name=GCC}} (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)<ref name="Baldwin-Edwards"/>
|-
|{{flag|New Zealand}}||13.4 (2011) || 11.5 (2011)  ||
|-
|{{flag|Netherlands}}||17.3 (2013) || 13.8 (2013)  ||
|-
|{{flag|Norway}}||35.6 (2013) ||37.8 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Panama}}|| ||13.2 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Paraguay}}|| ||9.0 (2014) ||
|-
|-
|{{flag|Peru}}|| ||10.0 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Philippines}}|| ||10.9 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Poland}}||25.2 (2013) ||17.5 (2013) ||16.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)<ref name="WB14b"/>
|-
|{{flag|Portugal}}||18.4 (2014) || 14.7 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Qatar}}|| ||16.1 (2010) ||12.1*{{efn|name=GCC}} (Baldwin-Edwards, 2009)<ref name="Baldwin-Edwards"/>
|-
|{{flag|Romania}}|| ||16.2 (2013) ||15.3 (INS, 2015)<ref>{{Cite news|title=84 pct of Romania’s employed population work in the private sector, says INS|url=http://business-review.eu/featured/84-pct-of-romanias-employed-population-work-in-the-private-sector-says-ins-79865|work=Business Review|date=30 April 2015}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Russia}}|| || 40.6 (2011) ||
|-
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}|| || 35.3 ||35.3*{{efn|name=GCC}} (Baldwin-Edwards, 2008)<ref name="Baldwin-Edwards"/>
|-
|{{flag|San Marino}}|| ||18.7 (2009) ||
|-
|{{flag|Senegal}}|| ||8.7 (2011) ||
|-
|{{flag|Serbia}}|| ||31.0 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Seychelles}}|| ||36.8 (2011) ||
|-
|{{flag|Singapore}}|| ||32.0 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Slovakia}}||18.2 (2013) ||16.1 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Slovenia}}||20.9 (2012) ||20.9 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|South Africa}}||17.4 (2013) ||16.9 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|South Korea}}||11.6 (2013) || 10.3 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Spain}}||17.9 (2014) ||15.5 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Sri Lanka}}|| ||15.1 (2012) ||
|-
|{{flag|Sweden}}|| 29.9 (2013) || 26.0 (2015) ||
|-
|{{flag|Switzerland}}||18.0 (2014) || 13.8 (2014)||
|-
|{{flag|Tajikistan}}|| || ||33.0 (World Bank publication, 2010)<ref name="WB14b"/>
|-
|{{flag|Tanzania}}|| ||7.5 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Thailand}}|| ||19.4 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Turkey}}||15.9 (2011) ||13.3 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Ukraine}}||26.7 (2012) ||26.5 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}||21.5 (2013) ||21.5 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|United States}}||17.6 [not included in dataset] (2013) || 15.8 (2014) ||19.2 (Mercatus publication, 2013)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mercatus.org/publication/government-financed-employment-and-real-private-sector-50-states|title=Government-Financed Employment and the Real Private Sector in the 50 States|date=2013-11-25|work=Mercatus Center|access-date=2018-10-24|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Uruguay}}|| ||19.9 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Venezuela}}|| ||29.0 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Vietnam}}|| ||20.2 (2014) ||
|-
|{{flag|Zambia}}|| ||9.7 (2013) ||
|-
|{{flag|Zimbabwe}}|| ||21.9 (2013) ||
|-
|}
{{notes
| refs =30em
{{efn
| name = OECD
| OECD average for 2013 does not include Australia, Czech Republic, Germany, South Korea, Ireland and Portugal.
}}
{{efn
| name = GCC
| [[Organization:Gulf Cooperation Council|GCC]] estimates by Baldwin-Edwards are state employment as a proportion of total employment. The employment of nationals is primarily in the state sector, with migrant workers dominating the private sector.
}}
{{efn
| name = India
| India's public sector still accounted for 69% of the country's organised workforce.
}}
}}

== See also ==
* List of countries by employment rate
* List of countries by labour force
* [[Social:Public sector|Public sector]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Population country lists}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Countries by public sector}}
[[Category:Public economics]]

{{Sourceattribution|List of countries by public sector|1}}