View source for Medicine:Legal status of Salvia divinorum

{{Short description|Psychoactive plant, legal in most countries}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Legal status of ''Salvia divinorum''}}

''[[Biology:Salvia divinorum|Salvia divinorum]]'', a psychoactive plant, is legal in most countries. Exceptions, countries where there is some form of control, include {{wipe|Australia}}, Belgium, {{wipe|Brazil}}, {{wipe|Canada}}, {{wipe|Denmark}}, Estonia, {{wipe|Finland}}, {{wipe|Germany}}, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, {{wipe|Japan}}, {{wipe|South Korea}}, {{wipe|Norway}}, {{wipe|Poland}}, {{wipe|United Kingdom}}, {{wipe|Ukraine}}, {{wipe|Spain}}, Sweden, [[Place:Armenia|Armenia]] and 33 states and territories of the United States.<ref name="SiebertLegalStatus">Siebert (Legal status).</ref><ref name="ErowidLegalStatus">Erowid (Legal status).</ref>

In the United Kingdom, following a local newspaper story in October 2005,<ref name="Worksop20051014">Worksop 2005-10-14 (UK Media).</ref> a parliamentary Early Day Motion was raised calling for ''Salvia divinorum'' to be banned there. However, it only received 11 signatures.<ref name="Mann2005">Mann 2005.</ref> A second Early Day Motion was raised in October 2008 attracting 18 signatures.<ref name="Early day motion 2235">[http://www.parliament.uk/edm/2007-08/2235 Early day motion 2235] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012150925/http://www.parliament.uk/edm/2007-08/2235 |date=2017-10-12 }}. Parliament UK. Retrieved 12 July 2017.</ref> The Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, the independent body that advises UK government on drugs, was asked to investigate further.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/apr/26/drugs-legal-substances-highs There are many drugs that help people get out of their minds yet stay within the law - they're called 'legal highs']. The Guardian. Published 26 April 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2017.</ref> On the 28 January 2016, the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 was passed. The act came into force on 26 May 2016, across the entire United Kingdom, making Salvia illegal to possess with intent to supply, possess on custodial premises, supply, import for human consumption, or produce for human consumption.<ref name="Psychoactive Substances Act 2016">[http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents Psychoactive Substances Act 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025023337/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/2/contents |date=2018-10-25 }}. ''Legislation.gov''. Retrieved 19 October 2018.</ref> The two sponsors for the bill were [[Finance:Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] House of Lords member Michael Bates and Conservative MP Theresa May.<ref>[http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2015-16/psychoactivesubstances.html Psychoactive Substances Act 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427095152/http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2015-16/psychoactivesubstances.html |date=2017-04-27 }}. Parliament. Retrieved 7 May 2017.</ref>

In such places where ''Salvia divinorum'' legislation exists, it varies in prohibitive degree from country to country. Australia has imposed its strictest 'Schedule 9' (US Schedule I equivalent or equivalent to class A in the UK) classification, for example, and Italy has also placed Salvia in its 'Table I' of controlled substances (also US Schedule I and class A equivalent). In Spain there are just controls focusing on the commercial trade of ''Salvia divinorum'', and private cultivation (growing one's own plants for non-commercial use) is not targeted.

In the United States, Salvia is not regulated under the Controlled Substances Act but some states, including Delaware, Illinois, Louisiana, Missouri, Virginia, Tennessee, Texas, and others, have passed their own laws.<ref name = "DEA2009">{{cite web |author = DEA (US Dept. Justice) |date = October 2009 |title = Salvia Divinorum and Salvinorin A 2009 |work = Drugs and Chemicals of Concern |publisher = Office of Diversion Control - U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) |url = http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugs_concern/salvia_d/salvia_d.htm |access-date = 14 October 2009 |url-status = dead |archive-date = 11 December 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091211200945/http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugs_concern/salvia_d/salvia_d.htm }}</ref> Several other states have proposed legislation against Salvia, including Alabama, Alaska, California, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, and Pennsylvania. Many of these proposals have not made it into law, with motions having failed, stalled or otherwise died, for example at committee review stages.<ref name="SiebertLegalStatus" /><ref name="ErowidLegalStatus" />

National legislation for amendment of the Controlled Substances Act to place salvinorin A and ''Salvia divinorum'' in Schedule I at the federal level was proposed in 2002 by Representative Joe Baca (D- California). Those opposed to bill HR 5607 include Daniel Siebert, who sent a letter to Congress arguing against the proposed legislation,<ref name="Siebert2002">Siebert 2002.</ref> and the Center for Cognitive Liberty & Ethics (CCLE), who sent key members of the US Congress a report on ''Salvia divinorum'' and its active principle,<ref name="Boire2002">Boire 2002.</ref> along with letters from an array of scientists who expressed concern that scheduling ''Salvia divinorum'' would negatively impact important research on the plant. The bill did not pass.<ref name="Baca2002">Baca 2002.</ref><ref>DEA 2003.</ref><ref name="CCLE2002">CCLE 2002b.</ref>

Salvia cultivation may prove difficult to police. The plant has a nondescript appearance; unlike cannabis the leaves are not distinctive and it does not have a distinctive odour. ''Salvia divinorum'' looks like and can be grown as an ordinary houseplant without the need of special equipment such as hydroponics or high-power lights.<ref name="Shulgin2003">Shulgin 2003.</ref><ref name="Chalmers20060506 ">Chalmers 2006-05-06 (US Media).</ref>
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==Opinions and arguments==
Concerns expressed by some politicians on the subject of Salvia echo those of the media. In November 2006, the morning after a story by news channel KSL was aired in Utah, warning its viewers about what it called "this dangerous herb",<ref name="Dujanovic20061127">Dujanovic 2006-11-27 (US Media).</ref> Utah State Representative Paul Ray (R) submitted a bill calling for its Schedule I classification in that state. KSL TV cameras were on Capitol Hill to see the paperwork filed, with KSL reporting - "Moments after our story ended, Utah Representative Paul Ray began writing a bill to ban Salvia." As he presented the bill Ray said - "It was upsetting to see we have a drug of that strength that's legal." and "We're basically going to make it illegal to possess or sell. Period."<ref name="Dujanovic20061128">Dujanovic 2006-11-28 (US Media).</ref> Ray's action was further supported by the news channel in a subsequent KSL editorial. Viewer feedback was unanimously more critical.<ref name="Cardall20061128">Cardall 2006-12-12 (US Media).</ref>

Georgia State Senator John Bulloch (R) reportedly saw a report on an Atlanta television news station about the increased use of ''Salvia divinorum''. He was quoted as saying - "I thought, 'Why hasn't somebody already jumped on this?" before filing Senate Bill 295. "I hurriedly got legislative counsel to draft the bill.... Everything that I read about it is it's considered to be a hallucinogenic drug.... A lot of the reading that I've found on it says that it gives a quicker and more intense high than LSD." Senator Don Thomas (R) was reported as saying -"I just know about the publicity of the dangers of it, and the use of it, so my first impression is to ban anything of that nature."<ref>Eckenrode 2007-03-08 (US Media).</ref>

In February 2007, the day after a Fox TV local news story on Salvia had aired in Milwaukee,<ref name="Sanchick20070214">Sanchick 2007-02-14 (US Media).</ref> Wisconsin state lawmaker Sheldon Wasserman (D), also a licensed physician, who had never heard of it before, spoke to Fox news in a follow-up report about then wanting to make it a Schedule I controlled substance.<ref name="Sanchick20070215">Sanchick 2007-02-15 (US Media).</ref>

Comparisons to LSD and particular focus on "protecting our children" are also echoed by politicians. In June 2007 the Wisconsin State Journal newspaper ran a front-page headline cover story about Salvia, reporting that Representative Wasserman had recently begun seeking sponsors for a bill that would ban the manufacture and sale of ''Salvia divinorum'' for consumption in Wisconsin. Dr. Wasserman was reported as saying - "This bill is all about protecting our children" and "I want to stop the Salvia divinorum dealers who are pushing young people to experiment with a potentially dangerous substance."<ref name="Martell20070618">Martell 2007-06-18 (US Media).</ref>

In connection with his proposals to make ''Salvia divinorum'' and salvinorin A Schedule I controlled substances in Oregon, Representative John Lim (R) was quoted as saying - "From what I understand this drug is at least as dangerous as marijuana or LSD", and Seth Hatmaker, a spokesman for Lim - "I think it's only a matter of time before we find people addicted to this stuff".<ref name="Clark20070305">Clark 2007-03-05 (US Media).</ref>

In the state of Illinois, in support of his bill for Schedule I classification of ''Salvia divinorum'', Representative Dennis Reboletti (R) wrote in his own website that Salvia is a "powerful psychoactive plant which in appearance looks like marijuana but has the psychoactive properties of LSD." and "It's important that we in the legislature are proactive in protecting our children from highly addictive substances" [...] "For a drug to be classified as a Schedule 1 substance signifies that it's a highly dangerous and potentially lethal drug for its user. Hopefully, the passage of my bill will bring attention to "Magic Mint" and help law enforcement combat the future rise of this drug."<ref name="Reboletti2007Mar">Reboletti 2007 (Mar).</ref>

Other references and sources indicate however that ''Salvia divinorum'' does not look like marijuana. Its psychoactive properties are not like those of LSD, and that Salvia divinorum is not generally understood to be either addictive or toxic.

Concerns about driving while under the influence of Salvia have also been expressed. Delaware State Senator Karen Peterson (D), who introduced Schedule I classification of ''Salvia divinorum'' in Delaware, said - "I, for one, don't want to be driving down Route 1 next to someone who is having an out-of-body experience"<ref>NBC10 2006-04-11 (US Media).</ref> and "I thought this is not something that I would want people using driving around the streets of Delaware."<ref>Smith 2007-09-25 (US Media).</ref>

There has not been any evidence to suggest that Salvia use is problematic. Some "arguments" against Salvia have been of a preventative or imitative nature. North Dakota State Senator Randy Christmann (R) stated - "we need to stop this before it gets to be a huge problem not after it gets to be a huge problem"<ref name="KXMBTV20070131">KXMBTV 2007-01-31 (US Media).</ref> and New Jersey Assemblyman Jack Conners (D) argued -"Salvia divinorum use may not be a runway epidemic, but it's certainly is a phenomenon that warrants attention. We should take preventive steps now to prevent wholesale problems later on"<ref name="Teel2006">Teel 2006.</ref> In October 2005 MP John Mann raised an ultimately unsuccessful Early Day Motion calling for ''Salvia divinorum'' to be banned in the UK, saying - "The Australians have clearly found a problem with it. There's obviously a risk in people taking it."<ref name="Worksop20051014" />

The National Institute on Money in State Politics indicates the major sources of campaign contributions for US politicians. For example, Oregon State Representative John Lim's largest individual campaign sponsor in 2006 was the Oregon Beer & Wine Distributors Association. Lim argued for Schedule I classification of Salvia in Oregon. Senator Karen Peterson's second largest group campaign donations in 2006 came from 'Beer, Wine & Liquor' industries. Peterson introduced Schedule I classification of ''Salvia divinorum'' in Delaware. Tennessee State Senator Tim Burchett (R) sponsored Salvia legislation in Tennessee. In 2006 his second largest individual campaign donation came from the Tennessee Malt Beverage Association. In the same period alcohol and tobacco related contributions amounted to the fourth largest industry contributions for Representative Paul Ray in Utah. Alcohol related contributions also featured highly for Representative Dennis Reboletti in Illinois - 'Beer, Wine & Liquor' was his seventh highest industry contributor.<ref name="MiSP2006">MiSP 2006.</ref>

Opponents of more prohibitive measures against Salvia argue that such reactions are largely due to an inherent prejudice and a particular cultural bias rather than any actual balance of evidence, pointing out inconsistencies in attitudes toward other more toxic and addictive drugs such as [[Chemistry:Alcohol (drug)|alcohol]] and [[Chemistry:Nicotine|nicotine]].<ref>Nutt et al. 2007.</ref> The worldwide number of alcohol-related deaths is calculated at over 2,000 people per day,<ref>Lopez 2005, Table 2.</ref> in the US the number is over 300 deaths per day.<ref>NIAAA 2001.</ref> While not objecting to some form of legal control, in particular with regard to the sale to minors or sale of enhanced high-strength extracts, most Salvia proponents otherwise argue against stricter legislation.<ref name="SiebertLegalStatus" />

Those advocating consideration of ''Salvia divinorum'''s potential for beneficial use in a modern context have two major arguments: First that Salvia Divinorum is a potent kappa opioid agonist and given its activity and modulatory effect on the kappa opioid receptor, and therefore similarity of its profile of effect to [[Biology:Ibogaine|ibogaine]], (used successfully to treat addiction around the world) that further research into its potential as a potent anti-addiction medication<ref name="pmid15542743">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hasebe K, Kawai K, Suzuki T, Kawamura K, Tanaka T, Narita M, Nagase H, Suzuki T | title = Possible pharmacotherapy of the opioid kappa receptor agonist for drug dependence | journal = Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | volume = 1025 | pages = 404–13 |date=October 2004 | pmid = 15542743 | doi = 10.1196/annals.1316.050 | s2cid = 85031737 }}</ref> will be hindered by careless lawmaking. Secondly, advocates argue that more could be learned from Mazatec culture, where Salvia is not really associated with notions of drug taking at all and it is rather considered as a spiritual sacrament. In light of this it is argued that ''Salvia divinorum'' could be better understood more positively as an [[Chemistry:Entheogen|entheogen]] rather than pejoratively as a [[Unsolved:Hallucinogen|hallucinogen]].<ref name="BlosserLessons">Blosser (Mazatec Lessons).</ref> Other entheogenic plants with continuing traditions principally of spiritual use include [[Biology:Peyote|peyote]] (and other psychoactive cacti), iboga, [[Biology:Virola|virola]], [[Chemistry:Ayahuasca|ayahuasca]] (an admixture of plants containing DMT + MAOI), and various types of psychoactive fungi.<ref name="OtherEntheogenicPlants">see [[Biology:Peyote|peyote]], iboga, [[Biology:Virola|virola]], [[Chemistry:Ayahuasca|ayahuasca]], etc.</ref> In fact, US legislation as it stands specifically allows two of these to be used in a spiritual context. The [[Religion:Native American Church|Native American Church]] is allowed to use peyote and [[Organization:União do Vegetal|União do Vegetal]] (or UDV) is permitted ayahuasca.<ref name="USLegislation">see [[Religion:Native American Church|Native American Church]] and [[Organization:União do Vegetal|União do Vegetal]].</ref> Although not consistently granted (varying from state to state), the principal grounds for such concessions are constitutional,<ref>Madison 1789.</ref> with further grounds following from the Religious Freedom Restoration Act.

==List by country==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"
|-
! style="width:120px;"| '''Country''' !! '''Possession''' !! '''Sale''' !! '''Transport''' !! '''Cultivation''' !! '''Notes'''
|-
|-
| {{Flagu|Armenia}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} ||
|-
| {{Flagu|Austria}} || {{Yes|Legal}} || {{Yes|Legal}} || {{Yes|Legal}} || {{Yes|Legal}} || Salvia divinorum is completely legal in Austria without any restrictions. The supreme court of Austria decided that Salvia Divinorum is not affected by the "Neue Psychoaktive Substanzen" act, which bans the sale and possession of research chemicals for the purpose of human consumption. The court ruled that the law only includes chemical, unnatural substances.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://shop.querbeet.at/salvia_divinorum_blaetter |title=Salvia divinorum Blätter - Exotisch |publisher=querbeet.at |access-date=2018-02-24 |archive-date=2018-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225064727/http://shop.querbeet.at/salvia_divinorum_blaetter |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Flagu|Belgium}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || In October 2004, "salvorin A", a misspelling of salvinorin A, was added to the Belgian list of illegal products, so the law was actually banning a non-existent substance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi/article_body.pl?numac=2004022875&caller=list&pub_date=2004-11-08&language=fr |title=Arrêté royal du 18 octobre 2004 |publisher=just.fgov.be |access-date=2010-07-05 |archive-date=2011-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716084926/http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi/article_body.pl?numac=2004022875&caller=list&pub_date=2004-11-08&language=fr |url-status=live }}</ref>
Two years later, in October 2006, the mistake was corrected, and the whole Salvia divinorum plant was made explicitly illegal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi/article_body.pl?numac=2006023173&caller=list&pub_date=2006-12-06&language=fr |title=Arrêté royal du 22 octobre 2006 |publisher=just.fgov.be |access-date=2010-07-05 |archive-date=2011-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716084933/http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi/article_body.pl?numac=2006023173&caller=list&pub_date=2006-12-06&language=fr |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Brazil}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} ||Salvia is illegal in Brazil since 2012.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.revistaforum.com.br/blog/2012/07/mais-uma-planta-criminalizada-anvisa-proibe-salvia-divinorum/| title=Mais uma planta criminalizada: Anvisa proíbe Salvia divinorum| date=2012-07-12| access-date=2015-10-02| archive-date=2015-10-06| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006231701/http://www.revistaforum.com.br/blog/2012/07/mais-uma-planta-criminalizada-anvisa-proibe-salvia-divinorum/| url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Bulgaria}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum became illegal in November 2011.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{Cite web|url=https://erowid.org/plants/salvia/salvia_law.shtml|title=Erowid Salvia Divinorum Vault : Legal Status|website=erowid.org|access-date=2020-09-08|archive-date=2020-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200908232904/https://www.erowid.org/plants/salvia/salvia_law.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Canada}} || {{no
|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || As of April 2023, Salvia is controlled under Schedule IV of the ''Controlled Drugs and Substances Act''. Activities such as sale, possession and production of salvia are illegal unless authorized for medical, scientific or industrial purposes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/substance-use/controlled-illegal-drugs/salvia.html|title=Controlled and illegal drugs: Salvia|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/8jYd1|archive-date=3 April 2023|url-status=live|website=canada.ca|date=21 January 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Chile}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || "On 8 August 2007, the Chilean government issued a [https://web.archive.org/web/20081230124403/http://www.ispch.cl/ctrl/doc/DECRETO_867_07_REGL_LEY%2020000_DROGAS.pdf decree] making the trafficking of Salvia divinorum and salvinorin A illegal."<ref name="SiebertLegalStatus" />
|-
| {{Flagu|Croatia}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum was banned in Croatia in April 2008 by addition to the [http://www.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeno/2008/1436.htm official list of illegal substances and plants].
|-
| {{Flagu|Czech Republic}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum was banned by law nr. 106/2011 Coll., effective 22 April 2011, which added it to the list of illegal substances. Holding leaves, plants and extracts containing salvinorin A and growing them is considered illegal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mzcr.cz/Soubor.ashx?souborID=11969&typ=application/pdf&nazev=Z%C3%A1kon%20%C4%8D%20106_2011%20Sb.pdf |title=Law nr. 106/2011 Coll. (in Czech) |publisher=Ministry of Health of Czech Republic |access-date=2011-12-31 |archive-date=2013-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511094154/http://www.mzcr.cz/Soubor.ashx?souborID=11969&typ=application%2Fpdf&nazev=Z%C3%A1kon%20%C4%8D%20106_2011%20Sb.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Denmark}} || {{partial|Legal medically and scientifically}} || {{partial|Legal medically and scientifically}} || {{partial|Legal medically and scientifically}} || {{partial|Legal medically and scientifically}} || With effect from 23 August 2003, ''Salvia divinorum'' and salvinorin A were classed as 'category B' drugs in Danish law. Category B includes psilocybin mushrooms, cocaine, amphetamine, and several others substances that are only legal for medicinal and scientific purposes. Possession carries a penalty of up to 2 years in prison.<ref name="SiebertLegalStatus" />
|-
| {{Flagu|Finland}} || {{partial|Legal medically}} || {{partial|Legal medically}} || {{partial|Legal medically}} || {{partial|Legal medically}} || Finland passed legislation in August 2002 making it illegal to import ''Salvia divinorum'' without a prescription from a doctor.<ref name="SiebertLegalStatus" />
|-
| {{Flagu|France}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(But not legal to attempt to acquire for use as a drug)}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || Since 2010, Salvia divinorum has been included in the list of poisonous drugs in France,<ref name="JORF n°0228 du 1 octobre 2010">{{cite web |title=Arrêté du 2 août 2010 portant classement sur les listes des substances vénéneuses |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000022872260 |website=legifrance.gouv.fr |publisher=Légifrance |access-date=16 July 2021 |archive-date=16 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716120433/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/JORFTEXT000022872260 |url-status=live }}</ref> however the listing only applies when intended for human consumption or advertized as having psychotropic effects.<ref name="drogues-info-service">{{cite web |title=Le dico des drogues - Salvia divinorum |url=https://www.drogues-info-service.fr/Tout-savoir-sur-les-drogues/Le-dico-des-drogues/Salvia-divinorum#.VRFmBOF0m70 |website=Drogues Info Service |publisher=Santé publique France |access-date=17 July 2021 |archive-date=17 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717093957/https://www.drogues-info-service.fr/Tout-savoir-sur-les-drogues/Le-dico-des-drogues/Salvia-divinorum#.VRFmBOF0m70 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Germany}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum was effectively banned in Germany in February 2008 by addition to the official list of illegal substances.<ref name="SiebertLegalStatus" /> Previously the government tried various ways to make Salvia divinorum illegal in Germany.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://psykick.de/salvia/de-salvia-legal.html|title=Salvia divinorumRealityshift - Legalität / rechtlicher Status in Deutschland|website=psykick.de|access-date=2009-05-10|archive-date=2009-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507093411/http://www.psykick.de/salvia/de-salvia-legal.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite salvia divinorum being illegal, the active substance salvinorin A is however unregulated.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.strafverteidiger-schueller.de/schwerpunkte/drogen-von-a-z/azteken-salbei-salvia-divinorum-legal-wirkung-strafe-gramm-menge/|title=Azteken Salbei Salvia Divinorum legal Wirkung Strafe Gramm Menge|website=Bundesweite Mandatsübernahme: Betäubungsmittelrecht, Strafrecht, Führerscheinsachen|access-date=2021-10-09|archive-date=2021-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308103214/https://www.strafverteidiger-schueller.de/schwerpunkte/drogen-von-a-z/azteken-salbei-salvia-divinorum-legal-wirkung-strafe-gramm-menge/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu| Indonesia}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || The law in the Republic of Indonesia does not address salvia divinorum. 
|-
| {{Flagu|Ireland}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum is no longer legal in the Republic of Ireland. [[Chemistry:Salvinorin|Salvinorin A]], which is ''Salvia divinorum'''s main psychotropic molecule, is listed as a controlled substance in S.I. 552/2011 Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) Regulations, as is "any product whether natural or otherwise including any plant or plant material of any kind or description, which contains any proportion of the said substance".<ref>{{cite web|title=S.I. No. 552/2011 — Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) Regulations 2011|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2011/en/si/0552.html|publisher=Office of the Attorney General of Ireland|access-date=4 May 2013|archive-date=13 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113185253/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/2011/en/si/0552.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Italy}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || In August 2004, the Italian government decreed ''[[Chemistry:Salvinorin A|salvinorin A]]'' "a substance with hallucinogenic properties that may cause conditions of abuse and can manifest latent psychiatric pathologies like acute psychosis and depressive psychosis even in an irreversible way" and put it and the plant ''Salvia divinorum'' on their ‘table I’ of outlawed psychotropic substances in March 2005. The Italian government referred to an evaluation of Salvia made by the Italian National Health Institute, assessing it as "a powerful natural hallucinogen" to justify their decision. [http://gazzette.comune.jesi.an.it/2005/54/2.htm The Italian Ministry of Heath Decree (in Italian)] [https://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fgazzette.comune.jesi.an.it%2F2005%2F54%2F2.htm&langpair=it%7Cen&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&prev=%2Flanguage_tools (Google translated into English)]. Cultivation of the plant or the possession of more than 0,5&nbsp;mg of Salvinorin A carries a penalty from 6 to 20 years in prison.
|-
| {{Flagu|Japan}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{Yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || On April 1, 2007, an amendment to the Pharmaceutic Affairs Law added Salvinorin A as a designated substance<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of "Designated Substances" in Japan (as of March 7, 2022) |url=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/content/11120000/000794083.pdf}}</ref> and prohibited the possession, sale, transportation and consumption of Salvia Divinorum materials "that can be used immediately on the human body", such as dried or crushed roots, leaves, stems, etc...<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministerial ordinance that stipulates the use of designated drugs prescribed in the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law (Japanese) |url=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/web/t_doc?dataId=00tb9834&dataType=1&pageNo=1}}</ref> Cultivation and sale of living plants for ornamental purposes are not prohibited. 
Control is strict.<ref name="autogenerated2" /> Breaking the law is punishable by 5 years in prison or a fine of 5 million yen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sagewisdom.org/legalstatus.html|title=The Legal Status of Salvia divinorum|website=www.sagewisdom.org|access-date=2006-12-30|archive-date=2007-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070102153251/http://www.sagewisdom.org/legalstatus.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagu|South Korea}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Controlled since 2005.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |title=Legality |url=http://www.salvia.net/legality |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184645/http://www.salvia.net/legality |archive-date=2018-02-05 |access-date=2018-02-05}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Latvia}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum was banned in May 2009.<ref>Ministry of Health of the Republic of Latvia.</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Lithuania}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum was banned in May 2008.<ref>Ministry of Health of the Republic of Lithuania.</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu| Malaysia}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || The law in Malaysia does not prohibit salvia divinorum.
|- 
| {{Flagu|Mexico}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || Salvia divinorum is completely legal in Mexico without any restrictions.
|-
| {{Flagu| Myanmar}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || 
|-
|-
| {{Flagu|New Zealand}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || {{yes|Legal<br>(Unless for human consumption)}} || In November 2007 New Zealand National party MP Jacqui Dean called for the government to take action, saying - "Salvia Divinorum is a hallucinogenic drug, which has been banned in Australia, and yet here in New Zealand it continues to be sold freely." and "We’re dealing with a dangerous drug here, with the minister's wait and see approach like playing Russian Roulette with young people's lives."<ref>New Zealand National Party 2007-11-05 (NZ Media).</ref>
Jacqui Dean has similar concerns about the 'party pill' [[Chemistry:Benzylpiperazine|benzylpiperazine]] (BZP), over which Associate Health Minister Jim Anderton (Progressive party) has accused her of indulging in political grandstanding, saying - "Perhaps Mrs Dean doesn't subscribe to the idea that any Government must balance the need to act promptly with its responsibilities to act fairly and follow due process, particularly where its actions affect those who are currently acting within existing legal constraints."<ref>Anderton 2007.</ref>
When questioned by Māori Party MP Tariana Turia, on why she was unwilling to take the same prohibitory line on smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol as she took on BZP Ms Dean said "Alcohol and tobacco have been with our society for many, many years."<ref>Stuff 2007-10-10 (NZ Media).</ref>
In September 2007, the Social Tonics Association of New Zealand (STANZ) called for Jacqui Dean to step down from speaking on drug issues after she demonstrated "a lack of credibility in calling for the ban of dihydrogen monoxide (H<sub>2</sub>O - i.e. water.)" STANZ Chairman Matt Bowden said - "The DHMO hoax played on the member this week is not a joke, it highlights a serious issue at the heart of drug policy making. Ms Dean demonstrated a ‘ban anything moderately harmful’ reflex. This approach is just downright dangerous." - "Jacqui Dean has clearly demonstrated a lack of credibility in her requests to the Minister to consider banning water; She has also seriously embarrassed her National Party colleagues who can no longer have confidence in her petitions to ban BZP or anything else."<ref>Social Tonics Association 2007-09-15 (NZ Media).</ref>

As of 18 July 2013 Salvia is illegal to sell in New Zealand without a license under the Psychoactive Substances Act 2013.<ref name="Law and Penalties">{{cite web|title=Law and Penalties {{!}} Drug Foundation|url=http://www.drugfoundation.org.nz/salvia/law|work=NZ Drug Foundation|access-date=11 January 2013|archive-date=9 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130209000907/http://www.drugfoundation.org.nz/salvia/law|url-status=live}}</ref> This act is designed to prohibit any psychoactive substances which have not been approved by the Psychoactive Substances Regulatory Authority.<ref name="Psychoactive Substances Bill 100-3 (2013)">{{cite web|title=Psychoactive Substances Bill 100-3 (2013)|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/bill/government/2013/0100/latest/whole.html#DLM5042926|work=New Zealand Legislation|publisher=Parliamentary Counsel Office|access-date=11 January 2013|archive-date=14 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130314005306/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/bill/government/2013/0100/latest/whole.html#DLM5042926|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Flagu|Philippines}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || The Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) declared Salvia Divinorum and its extracts and other forms as illegal in its Board Regulation No. 3, on 6 October 2015. [http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Nation&title=hallucinogenic-plant-classified-illegal----ddb&id=116528] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106174018/http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Nation&title=hallucinogenic-plant-classified-illegal----ddb&id=116528 |date=2018-01-06 }}
|-
| {{Flagu|Poland}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || The sale, possession and consumption of salvia divinorum (and many other plants and chemicals) have been made illegal in May 2009. [http://orka.sejm.gov.pl/proc6.nsf/ustawy/1207_u.htm],[https://web.archive.org/web/20090731232354/http://www.prezydent.pl/x.node?id=26543130]
|-
| {{Flagu|Portugal}} || {{No|Illegal}} || {{No|Illegal}} || {{No|Illegal}} || {{No|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum was banned in Portugal in April 2013 by addition to the [http://www.sicad.pt/BK/Institucional/Legislacao/Lists/SICAD_LEGISLACAO/Attachments/850/Portaria_154_2013.pdf official list of illegal substances and plants].
|-
| {{Flagu|Romania}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A-F has been added as an illegal substance under the Law 143/2000 on 10 February 2010.<ref name="titleModified Romanian law 143/2000 on 10 January 2010.">{{cite web|url=http://www.legestart.ro/Ordonanta-de-urgenta-6-2010-modificarea-completarea-Legii-143-2000-prevenirea-combaterea-traficului-consumului-ilicit-droguri-completarea-Legii-339-2005-regimul-juridic-plantelor-(MzQ3MzAw).htm |title=Modified Romanian law 143/2000 on 10 January 2010. |access-date=28 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624223623/http://www.legestart.ro/Ordonanta-de-urgenta-6-2010-modificarea-completarea-Legii-143-2000-prevenirea-combaterea-traficului-consumului-ilicit-droguri-completarea-Legii-339-2005-regimul-juridic-plantelor-%28MzQ3MzAw%29.htm |archive-date=24 June 2010 }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Russia}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum was banned in the Russian Federation since 31 December 2009.<ref>:ru:Шалфей предсказателей</ref>{{Circular reference|date=January 2018}}
|-
| {{Flagu|Serbia}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Salvia divinorum is illegal in Serbia
|-
| {{Flagu|Singapore}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || ''Salvia divinorum'' has been made illegal to possess, consume, and sell when the umbrella category New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) were listed as Class A controlled drugs on 1 May 2014. Possession or consumption of NPS carries a punishment of up to 10 years of imprisonment, or S$20,000 fine, or both.<ref>Controlled Substances In Singapore - New Psychoactive Substances (NPS).</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Spain}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || The sale of ''Salvia divinorum'' has been illegal since 6 February 2004. The law only prohibits commerce. It does not make possession or use a crime.<ref>Spain Govt 2004.</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Sweden}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || ''Sveriges riksdags'' health ministry ''Statens folkhälsoinstitut'' classified ''[[Biology:Salvia divinorum|Salvia divinorum]]'' and [[Chemistry:Salvinorin A|Salvinorin A]] as "health hazard" under the act ''Lagen om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor'' (translated ''Act on the Prohibition of Certain Goods Dangerous to Health'') as of 1 April 2006,  in their regulation ''SFS 2006:167'' listed as ''alla delar av växten Salvia divinorum från vilka salvinorin A inte blivit extraherat och oavsett under vilka benämningar de förekommer'', making it illegal to sell or possess.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.notisum.se/rnp/sls/sfs/20060167.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-09-25 |archive-date=2013-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929062941/http://www.notisum.se/rnp/sls/sfs/20060167.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Switzerland}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Illegal since 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/oc/2011/363/de|title=Fedlex|website=www.fedlex.admin.ch|access-date=2021-10-09|archive-date=2021-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308064854/https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/oc/2011/363/de|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|Thailand}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || {{yes|Legal}} || As of the latest available data, Salvia Divinorum is not explicitly prohibited or controlled under the law in Thailand.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fda.moph.go.th/sites/Narcotics/List_of_Narcotic/NARCOlistupdate29.10.2019.pdf|title=FDA Regulation list|website=www.fda.moph.go.th}}</ref> The plant is not listed in the Thai Hazardous Substances List, which is regulated under the Thailand Hazardous Substances Act and managed by various authorities including the Food and Drug Administration.<ref name="chemsafetypro">{{Cite web |url=https://www.chemsafetypro.com/Topics/Asia/Thailand_Hazardous_Substances_List.html |title=Thailand Hazardous Substances List |website=www.chemsafetypro.com |access-date=2023-05-21 }}</ref> Discussion of Salvia Divinorum in online Thai forums in a gardening context, with no legal implications, also suggests that it is not considered a controlled substance.<ref name="pantip">{{Cite web |url=https://pantip.com/topic/40067940 |title=ซัลเวีย (กลุ่มสีแดง) |website=pantip.com |language=th |access-date=2023-05-21 }}</ref> However, the absence of explicit mention in the controlled substances lists does not necessarily guarantee its legality, and legal status may be subject to change. For the most current and accurate information, it is recommended to consult Thai legal authorities or a legal professional familiar with Thai law.
|-
| {{Flagu|Ukraine}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || Illegal since 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/770-2000-%D0%BF|title=Про затвердження переліку наркотичних засобів, психотропних речовин і прекурсорів|website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України|access-date=2021-10-09|archive-date=2021-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009154401/https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/770-2000-%D0%BF|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{Flagu|United Kingdom}} || {{Partial|<br>Illegal to possess with intent to supply or possess on custodial premises}} || {{no|Illegal<br>(to supply for human consumption)}} || {{no|Illegal<br>(to import for human consumption)}} || {{no|Illegal<br>(to produce for human consumption)}} || In September 2001, in answer to a parliamentary question from Ann Widdecombe MP, asking the Secretary of State for the Home Office "what plans he has to review the legal status of the hallucinogen ''Salvia divinorum''", Bob Ainsworth, a parliamentary Under-Secretary for the UK Home Office, stated that "The Government are not aware of any evidence of significant misuse of this plant and have no current plans to review its legal status".<ref>Ainsworth 2001.</ref>
Following a local newspaper story in October 2005,<ref name="worksopguardian.co.uk">[http://www.worksopguardian.co.uk/news/legal-but-this-is-no-party-drug-says-net-1-625685 Legal, but this is no party drug says net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928193620/http://www.worksopguardian.co.uk/news/legal-but-this-is-no-party-drug-says-net-1-625685 |date=2017-09-28 }}. Workshop Guardian. Published 14 October 2015. Retrieved 12 July 2017.</ref> Bassetlaw MP John Mann raised an Early Day Motion calling for ''Salvia divinorum'' to be banned in the UK. (EDM796).<ref name="worksopguardian.co.uk"/> The motion only received 11 signatures.<ref>[http://www.parliament.uk/edm/2005-06/796 Early day motion 796] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929000328/http://www.parliament.uk/edm/2005-06/796 |date=2017-09-29 }}. Parliament UK. Retrieved 12 July 2017.</ref> A second motion raised in October 2008 attracted 18 signatures.<ref name="Early day motion 2235"/>

As of 25 May 2016, the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 makes ''salvia'' illegal to possess with intent to supply, possess on custodial premises, supply, import for human consumption, or produce for human consumption.<ref name="Psychoactive Substances Act 2016"/> The act was introduced by House of Lords member Michael Bates and MP Theresa May.<ref>[http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2015-16/psychoactivesubstances.html Psychoactive Substances Act 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427095152/http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2015-16/psychoactivesubstances.html |date=2017-04-27 }}. Parliament. Retrieved 12 July 2017.</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Flagu|Vietnam}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{no|Illegal}} || <ref>{{cite web| url=http://anninhthudo.vn/nhip-tre/trai-nghiem-thuc-than-thu-choi-chet-nguoi-cua-gioi-tre/631391.antd| title=Trải nghiệm "thức thần", thú chơi chết người của giới trẻ| date=2015-09-06| access-date=2016-07-06| archive-date=2016-07-18| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718065123/http://anninhthudo.vn/nhip-tre/trai-nghiem-thuc-than-thu-choi-chet-nguoi-cua-gioi-tre/631391.antd| url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
! '''Country''' !! '''Possession''' !! '''Sale''' !! '''Transport''' !! '''Cultivation''' !! '''Notes'''
|}

==See also==
* [[Biology:Salvia divinorum|Salvia divinorum]]
* [[Chemistry:Salvinorin A|Salvinorin A]]
* Brett's law
* War on Drugs

==Citations==
{{reflist|3}}
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* {{cite web
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 |work         = The Entheogens and Drug Policy Project
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 |url          = http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/dll/hr5607_archive.htm
 |year         = 2002b
 |access-date  = 2007-10-14
 |ref          = refCCLE2002b
 |archive-date = 2007-10-07
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071007070239/http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/dll/hr5607_archive.htm
 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite journal
| author = DEA (US Dept. Justice)
| date = June 2003
| title = Information Bulletin: Salvia Divinorum
| url = http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/programs/forensicsci/microgram/mg0603/mg0603.html
| journal = Microgram Bulletin
| volume = XXXVI
| issue = 6
| access-date = 2007-10-14
| ref = refDEA2003
| archive-date = 2007-10-14
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014013930/http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/programs/forensicsci/microgram/mg0603/mg0603.html
| url-status = live
}}
* {{cite web
 |author       = Erowid
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 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite web
| author=Gerasimenko, Olessia
| date=April 2004
| title=Санитары выкуривают шалфей
| url=http://www.gazeta.ru/social/2009/04/17/2975557.shtml
| publisher=gazeta.ru
| access-date=2009-04-18
| ref=refGerasimenko2009
| archive-date=2009-04-18
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090418225255/http://www.gazeta.ru/social/2009/04/17/2975557.shtml
| url-status=live
}} [https://translate.google.com/translate?prev=hp&hl=en&js=n&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazeta.ru%2Fsocial%2F2009%2F04%2F17%2F2975557.shtml&sl=ru&tl=en Google translation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307221655/https://translate.google.com/translate?prev=hp&hl=en&js=n&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazeta.ru%2Fsocial%2F2009%2F04%2F17%2F2975557.shtml&sl=ru&tl=en |date=2021-03-07 }}.
* <cite id=refLim2007>{{cite web
 |author       = Lim, Rep. John
 |date         = January 2007
 |title        = House Bill 2494
 |work         = Search for Specific Measure Number
 |publisher    = Oregon State Legislature
 |url          = http://www.leg.state.or.us/searchmeas.html
 |access-date  = 2007-10-21
 |archive-date = 2007-11-05
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071105012823/http://www.leg.state.or.us/searchmeas.html
 |url-status   = live
}}</cite>
* {{cite journal
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 |title        = The evolution of the Global Burden of Disease framework for disease, injury and risk factor quantification: developing the evidence base for national, regional and global public health action
 |journal      = Globalization and Health
 |volume       = 1
 |issue        = 5
 |doi          = 10.1186/1744-8603-1-5
 |pmid         = 15847690
 |pages        = 5
 |pmc          = 1143783
 |ref          = refLopez2005
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 }} - [http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/1/1/5/table/T2 Table 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031090445/http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/1/1/5/table/T2 |date=2007-10-31 }}. Global burden of disease and injury attributable to selected risk factors, 1990.
* <cite id=refMadison1789>Madison, James ''et al.''. The Bill of Rights, the First Amendment (with regard to the United States Constitution), approved 25 September 1789, ratified 15 December 1791.</cite>
* <cite id=refMann2005>{{cite web
 |author       = Mann, John (MP)
 |title        = EDM 796 - Salvia divinorum
 |work         = Early Day Motion
 |publisher    = Parliamentary Information Management Systems (pims)
 |url          = http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=29114&SESSION=875
 |date         = October 2005
 |access-date  = 2007-12-29
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071231103109/http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=29114&SESSION=875
 |archive-date = 2007-12-31
 |url-status   = dead
}}</cite>
* {{cite web
 |author      = Mann, John (MP)
 |title       = EDM 2235 - Salvia divinorum
 |work        = Early Day Motion
 |publisher   = Parliamentary Information Management Systems (pims)
 |url         = http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=36585&SESSION=891
 |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130505171727/http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=36585&SESSION=891
 |url-status  = dead
 |archive-date = May 5, 2013
 |date        = October 2008
 |access-date = 2009-04-14
 |ref         = refMann2008
}}
* {{cite web
 |author      = Mast, Sen. Peggy
 |year        = 2008a
 |title       = Senate Bill No. 481
 |url         = http://www.kslegislature.org/bills/2008/481.pdf
 |publisher   = Kansas Legislature
 |access-date = 2008-02-24
 |ref         = refMast2008a
}} + [http://www.kslegislature.org/supplemental/2008/SN0481.pdf supplemental note]{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes } org/legsrv-billtrack/index.do bill tracking] for 481, also [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509150317/http://www.kslegislature.org/legsrv-bills/index.do full text of bills] for 481.
* <cite id=refMast2008b>{{cite web 
 |author=Mast, Sen. Peggy 
 |year=2008b 
 |title=State Representative Peggy Mast (personal website) 
 |url=http://www.peggymast.com/012508nl.html 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203214045/http://www.peggymast.com/012508nl.html 
 |archive-date=2008-12-03 
 |url-status=dead 
 }}</cite>
* {{cite web|author=McDonald, Vickie|date=January 2008|title=LB 840 - Legislative Bill 840 - to change provisions relating to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act|url=http://uniweb.legislature.ne.gov/FloorDocs/Current/PDF/Intro/LB840.pdf|publisher=The official site of the Nebraska Unicameral Legislature|access-date=2008-01-21|ref=refMcDonald2008|archive-date=2012-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220161654/http://uniweb.legislature.ne.gov/FloorDocs/Current/PDF/Intro/LB840.pdf|url-status=live}} - Bill status via [https://web.archive.org/web/20080117065318/http://nebraskalegislature.gov/web/public/home Nebraska Legislature homepage] - QuickSearch Bills/Resolutions for LB 840.
* <cite id=refMiSP2006>{{cite web
 |author       = MiSP
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 |title        = Follow the Money
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}}</cite>
* {{Citation
  | last1 = Montgomery
  | first1 = Rob
  | first2 = Jonathon
  | last2 = Ott
  | first3 = Terence
  | last3 = McKenna
  | contribution = Salvia divinorum Presentation
  | contribution-url = http://www.salvia-divinorum-scotland.co.uk/salvia/audio/index.htm
  | title = Botanical Preservation Corps conference
  | year = 1994
  | place = Palenque
  | access-date = 2007-02-04
  | archive-date = 2006-12-31
  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061231125028/http://www.salvia-divinorum-scotland.co.uk/salvia/audio/index.htm
  | url-status = live
  }}
* {{cite web
 |last         = Nance
 |first        = Rep. John
 |year         = 2006
 |title        = House Bill No. 2485
 |work         = 2nd Session of the 50th Legislature
 |publisher    = The State of Oklahoma
 |url          = http://webserver1.lsb.state.ok.us/2005-06bills/HB/HB2485_CCS.RTF
 |access-date  = 2007-10-16
 |ref          = refNance2006
 |archive-date = 2020-02-28
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20200228051152/http://webserver1.lsb.state.ok.us/2005-06bills/HB/HB2485_CCS.RTF
 |url-status   = dead
}}
* {{cite journal
|   author = Nashville Bureau Reporter
|date=April 2006
|    title = The Senate passed (290-0) SB 3247
|   volume = 8
|    issue = 32
|publisher = Nashville Bureau
|ref=refNashvilleBureauReporter2006}}
* {{cite web
 |author       = Nebraska Revised Statutes
 |year         = 1977
 |title        = Section 28-419 Act, exceptions
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 |work         = 2006 Nebraska Code - Chapter 28 - Crimes and Punishments
 |publisher    = Justia
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 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite web
 |author       = Nebraska Revised Statutes
 |year         = 1977
 |title        = Section 28-421 Act, exceptions
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}}
* {{cite web
 |author       = NDPSC
 |title        = Edited Minutes Of Meeting 32
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 |url          = http://thomas.munro.com/minutes.htm
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}}
* {{cite web 
 |author=NIAAA 
 |date=August 2001 
 |title=Number of deaths and age-adjusted death rates per 100,000 population for categories of alcohol-related (A-R) mortality, United States and States, 1979-96 
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* {{cite journal
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| first1=David
| first2=Leslie
|  last2=King
| first3=William
|  last3=Saulsbury
| first4=Colin
|  last4=Blakemore
|   date=March 2007
|  title=Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse
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| volume=369
|  issue=9566
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|ref=refNutt2007}}
* {{cite web
 |last         = O'Bannon, III
 |first        = John M.
 |date         = November 2007
 |title        = HB 21 Salvinorum A; includes as a Schedule I hallucinogenic
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 |work         = Bill Tracking > HB21
 |publisher    = Virginia General Assembly - Legislative Information System
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 |ref          = refOBannon2007
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 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite web
 |last         = Peterson
 |first        = Sen. Karen
 |year         = 2006
 |title        = Chapter 256 - Formerly Senate Bill No 259 (aka "Brett's law")
 |work         = An Act to Amend Title 16 of the Delaware Code Relating to the Uniform Controlled Substances Act
 |publisher    = The General Assembly of the State of Delaware
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}}
* {{cite web |last=Pokorny |first=Gale |year=2008 |title=The State of Nebraska v Christian Firoz |url=http://www.journalstar.com/resources/newsroom/news/firoz_order.pdf |work=Court Order Case No. CR087402 |publisher=The County Court of Lancaster County, Nebraska |access-date=2008-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109183023/http://www.journalstar.com/resources/newsroom/news/firoz_order.pdf |archive-date=9 January 2009 }} 
* {{cite journal
|author=Prisinzano, TE
|title=Psychopharmacology of the hallucinogenic sage Salvia divinorum
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|issue=5
|pages=527–31
|year=2005
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* {{cite web
 |author       = Ray, Rep. Paul
 |date         = November 2006
 |title        = H.B. 190 Controlled Substance Schedule Amendment
 |url          = http://le.utah.gov/~2007/htmdoc/hbillhtm/HB0190.htm
 |publisher    = Utah State Legislature
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}}- [http://le.utah.gov/~2007/status/hbillsta/hb0190.htm bill status] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702014127/http://le.utah.gov/~2007/status/hbillsta/hb0190.htm |date=2007-07-02 }} - [http://le.utah.gov/~2007/status/hbillsta/hb0190.001h.txt bill votes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703043458/http://le.utah.gov/~2007/status/hbillsta/hb0190.001h.txt |date=2007-07-03 }}
* <cite id=refRay2008>{{cite web
 |author       = Ray, Rep. Paul
 |date         = January 2008
 |title        = H.B. 260 Controlled Substance Schedule Amendment
 |url          = http://le.utah.gov/~2008/htmdoc/hbillhtm/hb0260.htm
 |publisher    = Utah State Legislature
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 |archive-date = 2008-10-10
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}}- [http://le.utah.gov/~2008/status/hbillsta/hb0260.htm bill status] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929145053/http://le.utah.gov/~2008/status/hbillsta/hb0260.htm |date=2011-09-29 }}</cite>
* <cite id=refReboletti2007Jan>{{cite web
 |last         = Reboletti
 |first        = Rep. Dennis
 |date         = January 2007
 |title        = Bill Status of HB0457
 |url          = http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocTypeID=HB&DocNum=457&GAID=9&SessionID=51&LegID=27398
 |work         = Cont Sub-Salvia divinorum
 |publisher    = Illinois General Assembly
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 |ref          = refRay2006
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 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930041016/http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/BillStatus.asp?DocTypeID=HB&DocNum=457&GAID=9&SessionID=51&LegID=27398
 |url-status   = live
}} - [http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/fulltext.asp?DocName=&SessionId=51&GA=95&DocTypeId=HB&DocNum=457&GAID=9&LegID=27398&SpecSess=&Session= Full Text of HB0457] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030220141/http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/fulltext.asp?DocName=&SessionId=51&GA=95&DocTypeId=HB&DocNum=457&GAID=9&LegID=27398&SpecSess=&Session= |date=2007-10-30 }}</cite>
* <cite id=refReboletti2007Mar>{{cite web 
 |last=Reboletti 
 |first=Rep. Dennis 
 |title=Reboletti Passes First Bill, Bans "Magic Mint" 
 |publisher=Illinois State Representative Dennis M. Reboletti (R) 46th District 
 |date=March 2007 
 |url=http://www.reboletti.com/articles/3-01-07.htm 
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 |archive-date=2007-09-27 
 |access-date=2007-06-08 
 |url-status=dead 
 }}</cite>
* {{cite web
 |last         = Sak
 |first        = Rep. Michael
 |date         = February 2008
 |title        = House Bill 5700
 |url          = http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(x4svk3fwsekp4145gg2fdm55))/mileg.aspx?page=getObject&objectName=2008-HB-5700
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 |ref          = refSak2008
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 |url-status   = live
}} - [http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2007-2008/billintroduced/House/htm/2008-HIB-5700.htm Full Text of HB5700] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080322173326/http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2007-2008/billintroduced/House/htm/2008-HIB-5700.htm |date=2008-03-22 }}
* <cite id=refShulgin2003>{{cite web
 |author       = Shulgin, Alexander
 |title        = Ask Dr. Shulgin Online
 |work         = Salvia Divinorum, Law, & Medicine
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 |url-status   = live
}}</cite>
* {{cite web
 |last         = Siebert
 |first        = Daniel
 |title        = A Prominent Salvia Divinorum Researcher Speaks Out: Letter to Congress (RE: Bill H.R. 5607)
 |work         = The Entheogens and Drug Policy Project
 |publisher    = Center for Cognitive Liberty & Ethics
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 |archive-date = 2007-09-28
 |url-status   = dead
}}
* {{cite web
|last=Siebert
|first=Daniel
|title=The Legal Status of Salvia divinorum
|publisher=The Salvia divinorum Research and Information Center
|url=http://www.sagewisdom.org/legalstatus.html
|access-date=2007-03-04
|ref=refSiebertLegalStatus
|archive-date=2007-03-20
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070320135219/http://sagewisdom.org/legalstatus.html
|url-status=live
}}
* {{cite web
|last=Latvian Government
|title=Criminal Code changes
|url=http://www.likumi.lv/doc.php?mode=DOC&id=50539
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|access-date=2011-10-24
|archive-date=2018-12-07
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207165131/https://likumi.lv/doc.php?mode=doc&id=50539
|url-status=live
}}
* {{cite web
|last=Lithuanian Government
|title=Ministry of Health of the Republic of Lithuania
|url=http://www3.lrs.lt/pls/inter3/dokpaieska.showdoc_l?p_id=320722
|ref=reflitsalvia
|access-date=2009-06-04
|archive-date=2021-10-09
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009154416/https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/TAIS.320722
|url-status=live
}}
* {{cite web
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* {{cite web
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* <cite id=refTeel2006>Teel. (April 2006) ''Assemblymen Jack Conners and Herb Conaway.'' Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071027212318/http://politicsnj.com/assemblymen-jack-conners-and-herb-conaway-1 PoliticsNJ.com] on 21 July 2007.</cite>
* {{cite web
 |author       = Therriault, Sen. Gene
 |date         = January 2007
 |title        = An Act relating to scheduling Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A as controlled substances
 |url          = http://www.legis.state.ak.us/basis/get_bill.asp?session=25&bill=SB38&submit=Display+Bill+Root
 |work         = Bill History/Action for 25th Legislature
 |publisher    = The Alaska State Legislature
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 |ref          = refTherriault2007
 |archive-date = 2011-06-03
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 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite web
 |author       = Utah State
 |date         = September 2007
 |title        = Meeting Schedule
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 |work         = Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Interim Committee
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}}
{{refend}}

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<!-- Latest story at top within each country -->

;Canada
{{refbegin|20em}}
* {{Cite news
 |author       = Furminger, Greg
 |title        = 'Sally D' needs to disappear: council; Welland supports Port Colborne resolution
 |url          = http://www.wellandtribune.ca/webapp/sitepages/content.asp?contentid=482771&catname=Local%20News&classif=News%20Live 
 |publisher    = Welland Tribune
 |date         = 2007-06-20 
 |archive-date = 2007-05-06
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070506011046/http://www.wellandtribune.ca/webapp/sitepages/content.asp?contentid=482771&catname=Local%20News&classif=News%20Live
 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{Cite news
 |author       = The Canadian Press
 |title        = Hallucinogenic salvia no longer legal in Canada
 |url          = http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/story/2010/10/19/salvia-banned.html
 |publisher    = CBC.ca
 |date         = 2010-10-19 
 |access-date  = 2011-09-28
 |archive-date = 2011-10-13
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20111013221820/http://www.cbc.ca/news/health/story/2010/10/19/salvia-banned.html
 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{Cite news
 |author       = Tayti, Mark
 |title        = Council moves to ban mind-altering substance from store shelves
 |url          = http://www.wellandtribune.ca/webapp/sitepages/content.asp?contentid=482771&catname=Local%20News&classif=News%20Live
 |publisher    = Welland Tribune
 |date         = 2007-04-11 
 |access-date  = 2007-04-12
 |archive-date = 2007-05-06
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070506011046/http://www.wellandtribune.ca/webapp/sitepages/content.asp?contentid=482771&catname=Local%20News&classif=News%20Live
 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{Cite news
 |author    = Wallace, Kenyon
 |title     = Health Canada can't control psychedelic herb
 |url       = https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070407.wsalvia0407/BNStory/National/
 |publisher = Canadian Press
 |date      = 2007-04-07 
 |location  = Toronto
}}
* {{cite news
 |author       = Hutton, David
 |title        = Legal hallucinogen concerns police
 |url          = http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/news/story.html?id=43edcc43-b070-403c-b2a5-20d7d9ef4273
 |newspaper    = The StarPhoenix
 |date         = 2006-12-21 
 |access-date  = 2006-12-30
 |archive-date = 2007-05-06
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070506151436/http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/news/story.html?id=43edcc43-b070-403c-b2a5-20d7d9ef4273
 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite news |title=No plans to regulate hallucinogenic sage in Canada |url=http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2006/07/28/diviner-sage.html |publisher=CBC News |date=2006-07-28 |url-status=dead |ref=refCBC20060728 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312132705/http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2006/07/28/diviner-sage.html |archive-date=12 March 2007 }}
{{refend}}

;New Zealand
{{refbegin|20em}}
* {{cite news
 |author       = New Zealand National Party (Press Release)
 |title        = Govt Sits Back On Salvia Divinorum Sales
 |url          = http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PA0711/S00052.htm 
 |publisher    = Scoop
 |date         = 2007-11-05 
 |ref          = refNZNP20071105
 |access-date  = 2007-11-05
 |archive-date = 2008-04-11
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080411034601/http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PA0711/S00052.htm
 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite news 
 |author=Stuff (NZPA) 
 |title=MP slams BZP as gateway drug, cause of psychosis 
 |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/4232873a11.html 
 |publisher=Stuff National News Story (Fairfax New Zealand) 
 |date=2007-10-10 
 |ref=refStuff20071010 
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111123730/http://www.stuff.co.nz/4232873a11.html
 |archive-date=11 November 2007
 }}
* {{cite news 
 |author=Social Tonics Association (Press Release) 
 |title=Water banning reflex no joke 
 |url=http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PO0709/S00211.htm 
 |publisher=Scoop - Politics 
 |date=2007-09-15 
 |access-date=2007-11-05 
 |ref=refSTA20070915 
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080305004530/http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PO0709/S00211.htm
 |archive-date=5 March 2008
 }}
{{refend}}

;UK
{{refbegin|20em}}
* {{cite news
 |author       = Doward, Jamie
 |title        = There are many drugs that help people get out of their minds yet stay within the law - they're called 'legal highs'.
 |url          = https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/apr/26/drugs-legal-substances-highs
 |newspaper    = The Observer
 |date         = 2009-04-26 
 |location     = London
 |ref          = refDoward20090426
 |access-date  = 2016-12-15
}}
* {{cite news
 |author       = Sherwell, Philip
 |title        = Salvia: more powerful than LSD, and legal
 |url          = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/5090078/Salvia-more-powerful-than-LSD-and-legal.html
 |newspaper    = The Daily Telegraph
 |date         = 2009-04-06 
 |location     = London
 |ref          = refSherwell20090406
 |access-date  = 2018-04-02
 |archive-date = 2009-04-12
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090412171333/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/5090078/Salvia-more-powerful-than-LSD-and-legal.html
 |url-status   = dead
}}
* {{cite magazine
 |author       = Vince, Gaia
 |title        = Mind-altering drugs: does legal mean safe?
 |url          = https://www.newscientist.com/channel/being-human/mg19125711.000-legal-highs-on-the-rise.html
 |magazine     = New Scientist
 |date         = 2006-09-29 
 |access-date  = 2017-09-02
 |archive-date = 2008-03-25
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080325091410/http://www.newscientist.com/channel/being-human/mg19125711.000-legal-highs-on-the-rise.html
 |url-status   = live
}}
* {{cite news
|    title = MP's Early Day Motion on Salvia
|      url = http://www.worksopguardian.co.uk/news/MP39s-Early-Day-Motion-on.1229162.jp
|publisher = Worksop Today
|     date = 2005-10-21 
|ref=refWorksop20051021}}<!-- UK MP Early Day Motion -->
* {{cite news
|    title = Legal, but this is no party drug says net
|      url = http://www.worksopguardian.co.uk/news/Legal-but-this-is-no.1222314.jp
|publisher = Worksop Today
|     date = 2005-10-14 
|ref=refWorksop20051014}}<!-- UK MP Early Day Motion -->
* {{cite news
 |author       = Nathan, Adam
 |title        = Drug suppliers use loophole to sell 'magic mint'
 |url          = http://www.salvia-divinorum-scotland.co.uk/mediastories/20010715_sundaytimes.htm
 |newspaper    = The Sunday Times
 |date         = 2001-07-15 
 |access-date  = 2006-12-30
 |archive-date = 2006-12-31
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20061231124723/http://www.salvia-divinorum-scotland.co.uk/mediastories/20010715_sundaytimes.htm
 |url-status   = live
}}
{{refend}}

;US
{{refbegin|20em}}
* {{cite news
 |author       = Dujanovic, Debbie
 |title        = Dangerous Herb is Legal in Utah
 |url          = http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=679822 
 |publisher    = KSL
 |date         = 2006-11-30 
 |ref          = refDujanovic20061127
 |access-date  = 2006-12-20
 |archive-date = 2007-05-06
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070506022450/http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=679822
 |url-status   = live
}}
: - <cite id=refDujanovic20061128>Follow-up story: [http://www.ksl.com/?sid=682728&nid=148 "Lawmaker Responds to Investigative Report on Dangerous Herb"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506055425/http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=682728 |date=2007-05-06 }}, 2006-11-28.</cite>
: - <cite id=refCardall20061212>Cardall, Duane. [http://www.ksl.com/?nid=238&sid=687501 KSL Editorial] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506032623/http://www.ksl.com/?nid=238&sid=687501 |date=2007-05-06 }}, 2006-12-01.</cite>
* <cite id=refSanchick20070214>{{cite news
 |author       = Sanchick, Myra
 |title        = Salvia: The New Pot
 |url          = http://www.myfoxmilwaukee.com/myfox/pages/Home/Detail?contentId=2385437&version=1&locale=EN-US&layoutCode=VSTY&pageId=1.1.1
 |publisher    = Fox6News WITI-TV
 |date         = 2007-02-14 
 |access-date  = 2007-02-19
 |archive-date = 2007-10-11
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071011135135/http://www.myfoxmilwaukee.com/myfox/pages/Home/Detail?contentId=2385437&version=1&locale=EN-US&layoutCode=VSTY&pageId=1.1.1
 |url-status   = live
}} Milwaukee.</cite>
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [http://www.sagewisdom.org/legalstatus.html The Salvia divinorum Research and Information Center legal status page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070102153251/http://www.sagewisdom.org/legalstatus.html |date=2007-01-02 }}
* [http://www.erowid.org/plants/salvia/salvia_law.shtml Erowid's Salvia Law vault]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091026214245/http://geocities.com/salviacrusaders/ The Australian Salvia Crusaders] - issues regarding Australian law and ''Salvia divinorum''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071012090102/http://www.salviasource.org/forum/index.php?board=54.0 Salvia Law Forum]

{{Drug use}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Legal Status Of Salvia Divinorum}}
[[Category:Drug control law]]

{{Sourceattribution|Legal status of Salvia divinorum}}