View source for Medicine:Monkeypox in Nigeria

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{{Infobox outbreak
| name          =Monkeypox in Nigeria
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| disease       =[[Medicine:Monkeypox|Monkeypox]]
| virus_strain  = ''[[Biology:Monkeypox virus|Monkeypox virus]]''
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| first_reported = 1971
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In 2017, [[Medicine:Monkeypox|monkeypox]] reemerged in humans in Nigeria after 39 years.<ref name=Yinka2019>{{cite journal |last1=Yinka-Ogunleye |first1=Adesola |last2=Aruna |first2=Olusola |last3=Dalhat |first3=Mahmood |last4=Ogoina |first4=Dimie |last5=McCollum |first5=Andrea |last6=Disu |first6=Yahyah |last7=Mamadu |first7=Ibrahim |last8=Akinpelu |first8=Afolabi |last9=Ahmad |first9=Adama |last10=Burga |first10=Joel |last11=Ndoreraho |first11=Adolphe |last12=Nkunzimana |first12=Edouard |last13=Manneh |first13=Lamin |last14=Mohammed |first14=Amina |last15=Adeoye |first15=Olawunmi |last16=Tom-Aba |first16=Daniel |last17=Silenou |first17=Bernard |last18=Ipadeola |first18=Oladipupo |last19=Saleh |first19=Muhammad |last20=Adeyemo |first20=Ayodele |last21=Nwadiutor |first21=Ifeoma |last22=Aworabhi |first22=Neni |last23=Uke |first23=Patience |last24=John |first24=Doris |last25=Wakama |first25=Paul |last26=Reynolds |first26=Mary |last27=Mauldin |first27=Matthew R. |last28=Doty |first28=Jeffrey |last29=Wilkins |first29=Kimberly |last30=Musa |first30=Joy |last31=Khalakdina |first31=Asheena |last32=Adedeji |first32=Adebayo |last33=Mba |first33=Nwando |last34=Ojo |first34=Olubunmi |last35=Krause |first35=Gerard |last36=Ihekweazu |first36=Chikwe |title=Outbreak of human monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017-18: a clinical and epidemiological report |journal=The Lancet. Infectious Diseases |date=August 2019 |volume=19 |issue=8 |pages=872–879 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30294-4 |pmid=31285143 |pmc=9628943 |s2cid=195842553 |issn=1474-4457}}</ref> By the end of 2017, there were at least 115 confirmed cases.<ref name=Sut2020>{{cite book |last1=Sutcliffe |first1=Catherine G. |last2=Rimone |first2=Anne W. |last3=Moss |first3=William J. |editor1-last=Ryan |editor1-first=Edward T. |editor2-last=Hill |editor2-first=David R. |editor3-last=Solomon |editor3-first=Tom |editor4-last=Aronson |editor4-first=Naomi |editor5-last=Endy |editor5-first=Timothy P. |title=Hunter's Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases E-Book |date=2020 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Edinburgh |isbn=978-0-323-55512-8 |pages=272–277 |edition=Tenth |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y8SODwAAQBAJ&dq=monkeypox+nigeria&pg=PA272 |language=en |chapter=32.2. Poxviruses}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Monkeypox.jpg|thumb|Monkeypox in 1971]]
When the first cases of human monkeypox were identified in the DRC, Liberia and Sierre Leone in 1970, there were no detected cases in Nigeria, and surveillance of several non-human primates in Nigeria did not identify any ''monkeypox virus''.<ref name=Cho1973>{{cite journal |last1=Cho |first1=C. T. |last2=Wenner |first2=H. A. |title=Monkeypox virus |journal=Bacteriological Reviews |date=March 1973 |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=1–18 |doi=10.1128/br.37.1.1-18.1973 |pmid=4349404 |pmc=413801 |issn=0005-3678 }}</ref> Two cases of monkeypox were first identified in Nigeria in 1971.<ref name=BremanJG1980>{{cite journal |vauthors=Breman JG, Kalisa R, Steniowski MV, Zanotto E, Gromyko AI, Arita I | year = 1980 | title = Human monkeypox, 1970-79 | journal = Bull World Health Organ | volume = 58 | issue = 2 | pages = 165–182 | pmid = 6249508 | pmc = 2395797 }}</ref> The first case was a four year old female, whose rash began on 9 April.<ref name=Arita1976>{{cite journal |last1=Arita |first1=I |last2=Henderson |first2=DA |title=Monkeypox and whitepox viruses in West and Central Africa. |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |date=1976 |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=347–53 |pmid=186209 |pmc=2366520 }}</ref>

==2017 outbreak==
In 2017, [[Medicine:Monkeypox|monkeypox]] reemerged in humans in Nigeria after 39-years.<ref name=Yinka2019/><ref name=Phoobane2022>{{cite journal |last1=Phoobane |first1=Paulina |last2=Masinde |first2=Muthoni |last3=Mabhaudhi |first3=Tafadzwanashe |title=Predicting Infectious Diseases: A Bibliometric Review on Africa |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |date=8 February 2022 |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=1893 |doi=10.3390/ijerph19031893 |pmid=35162917 |pmc=8835071 |issn=1660-4601 |doi-access=free }}</ref> 

The first exportations of monkeypox out of Africa via affected humans occurred in September 2018, when three unrelated affected people from Nigeria travelled to the UK and Israel.<ref name=Mauldin2022>{{cite journal |last1=Mauldin |first1=Matthew R. |last2=McCollum |first2=Andrea M. |last3=Nakazawa |first3=Yoshinori J. |last4=Mandra |first4=Anna |last5=Whitehouse |first5=Erin R. |last6=Davidson |first6=Whitni |last7=Zhao |first7=Hui |last8=Gao |first8=Jinxin |last9=Li |first9=Yu |last10=Doty |first10=Jeffrey |last11=Yinka-Ogunleye |first11=Adesola |last12=Akinpelu |first12=Afolabi |last13=Aruna |first13=Olusola |last14=Naidoo |first14=Dhamari |last15=Lewandowski |first15=Kuiama |last16=Afrough |first16=Babak |last17=Graham |first17=Victoria |last18=Aarons |first18=Emma |last19=Hewson |first19=Roger |last20=Vipond |first20=Richard |last21=Dunning |first21=Jake |last22=Chand |first22=Meera |last23=Brown |first23=Colin |last24=Cohen-Gihon |first24=Inbar |last25=Erez |first25=Noam |last26=Shifman |first26=Ohad |last27=Israeli |first27=Ofir |last28=Sharon |first28=Melamed |last29=Schwartz |first29=Eli |last30=Beth-Din |first30=Adi |last31=Zvi |first31=Anat |last32=Mak |first32=Tze Minn |last33=Ng |first33=Yi Kai |last34=Cui |first34=Lin |last35=Lin |first35=Raymond T. P. |last36=Olson |first36=Victoria A. |last37=Brooks |first37=Tim |last38=Paran |first38=Nir |last39=Ihekweazu |first39=Chikwe |last40=Reynolds |first40=Mary G. |title=Exportation of Monkeypox Virus From the African Continent |journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases |date=19 April 2022 |volume=225 |issue=8 |pages=1367–1376 |doi=10.1093/infdis/jiaa559 |pmid=2880628 |pmc=1917298 |issn=1537-6613}}</ref>

In 2021, cases of monkeypox were reported in Delta, Lagos, Bayelsa, Rivers, Edo, Federal Capital Territory, Niger, and Ogun.<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |title=Monkeypox in Nigeria - Watch - Level 1, Practice Usual Precautions - Travel Health Notices {{!}} Travelers' Health {{!}} CDC |url=https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/watch/monkeypox-nigeria |website=wwwnc.cdc.gov |access-date=7 June 2022}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://ncdc.gov.ng/diseases/sitreps/?cat=8&name=An%20Update%20of%20Monkeypox%20Outbreak%20in%20Nigeria An Update of Monkeypox Outbreak in Nigeria]. Nigeria Centre for Disease Control


[[Category:Monkeypox]]

{{Sourceattribution|Monkeypox in Nigeria|1}}