View source for Organization:G7

{{Short description|Intergovernmental political forum}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = G7
| full_name = Group of Seven
| native_name            = {{unbulleted list |{{lang-fr|Groupe des sept}} |{{lang-de|Gruppe der Sieben}} |{{lang-it|Gruppo dei Sette}} |{{lang-ja|主要国首脳会議|Shuyōkoku Shunōkaigi}} }}
| image = G7 in het Catshuis.jpg
| image_size = 245
| alt = 
| caption = G7 leaders during the emergency meeting about the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea in The Hague
| logo = 
| logo_size = 784
| logo_alt = 
| logo_caption = Logo of the 2021 47th G7 summit
| map = Group of Seven (G7) Countries.svg
| map_size = 280
| map_alt = 
| map_caption = The G7-states (blue) and the EU (teal)
----
'''Member states and key leaders:'''
----{{Infobox | subbox = yes
| labelstyle = padding-right:1em;text-align:left
| datastyle = text-align:left
| label1 = {{flag|Canada}}
| data1 = Prime Minister Justin Trudeau
| label2 = {{flag|France}}
| data2 = President Emmanuel Macron
| label3 = {{nowrap|{{flag|Germany}}}} 
| data3 = Chancellor Olaf Scholz
| label4 = {{flag|Italy}}
| data4 = Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni
| label5 = {{flag|Japan}}
| data5 = Prime Minister Fumio Kishida
| label6 = {{flag|UK}}
| data6 = Prime Minister Rishi Sunak
| label7 = {{flag|US}}
| data7 = President Joe Biden
| label8 = {{flag|EU}}
| data8 = {{plainlist|
* Council President Charles Michel
* Commission President Ursula von der Leyen
}}
}}<hr>
| founding_location = {{plainlist|
* [[Place:Washington, D.C.|Washington, D.C.]] (Library Group)
* Rambouillet (1st G6 summit)
}}
| abbreviation = 
| predecessor = 
| formation = {{ubl|{{Start date|25 March 1973|df=y|p=y|br=y}} |(Library Group)| {{Start date|15 November 1975|df=y|p=y|br=y}}| (1st G6 summit)}} 
| founder = {{collapsible list|title = Library Group: 
| {{flagicon|US}} George Shultz
| {{flagicon|FRG}} Helmut Schmidt
| {{flagicon|FRA|1974}} Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
| {{flagicon|UK}} Anthony Barber
}}
{{collapsible list|title=1st G6 summit:
| {{flagicon|US}} Gerald Ford
| {{flagicon|FRA|1974}} Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
| {{flagicon|FRG}} Helmut Schmidt
| {{flagicon|ITA}} Aldo Moro
| {{flagicon|JPN|1947}} Takeo Miki
| {{flagicon|UK}} Harold Wilson
}}
| type = Informal club
| purpose = Political and economic forum
| fields =
| membership = 
| membership_year = 
| website = 
| funding = 
| formerly = {{hlist|
| Library Group
| Group of Six (G6)
| [[Organization:Group of Eight|Group of Eight]] (G8) [[Organization:Group of Eight#Russia's participation suspension (2014)|(reversion)]]
}}
}}

The '''Group of Seven''' ('''G7''') is an intergovernmental political and economic forum consisting of {{wipe|Canada}}, {{wipe|France}}, {{wipe|Germany}}, Italy, {{wipe|Japan}}, the {{wipe|United Kingdom}} and the {{wipe|United States}}; additionally, the [[Social:European Union|European Union]] (EU) is a "non-enumerated member". It is organized around shared values of [[Philosophy:Cultural pluralism|pluralism]], [[Social:Liberal democracy|liberal democracy]], and [[Social:Representative democracy|representative government]].<ref name="What is the G7">{{Cite web|title=What is the G7?|url=https://www.g7uk.org/what-is-the-g7/|access-date=12 June 2021|website=G7 UK Presidency 2021|language=en-GB|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225102211/https://www.g7uk.org/what-is-the-g7/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=34&pr.y=14&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=156,158,132,112,134,111,136&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP&grp=0&a=|website=www.imf.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=October 2017|title=World Economic Outlook Database|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=119&sg=All+countries+%2f+Advanced+economies+%2f+Major+advanced+economies+(G7)|publisher=International Monetary Fund. imf.org|at=Major Advanced Economies (G7)}}</ref> G7 members are the major [[Finance:Developed country#IMF advanced economies|IMF advanced economies]].

Originating from an ''ad hoc'' gathering of finance ministers in 1973, the G7 has since become a formal, high-profile venue for discussing and coordinating solutions to major global issues, especially in the areas of trade, security, economics, and [[Earth:Climate change|climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Paul LeBlanc|title=What is the G7, and what power does it hold?|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/11/politics/g7-summit-explainer/index.html|access-date=12 June 2021|website=CNN|date=11 June 2021}}</ref> Each member's [[Social:Head of government|head of government]] or [[Social:Head of state|state]], along with the EU's Commission President and European Council President, meet annually at the G7 Summit; other high-ranking officials of the G7 and the EU meet throughout the year. Representatives of other states and international organizations are often invited as guests, with {{wipe|Russia}} having been a formal member (as part of the [[Organization:G8|G8]]) from 1997 until its expulsion in 2014.

The G7 is not based on a treaty and has no permanent secretariat or office. It is organized through a presidency that rotates annually among the member states, with the presiding state setting the group's priorities and hosting the summit; Italy presides for 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=NEWS |first=KYODO |title=Italy to host G7 summit on June 13-15, 2024, PM Meloni says |url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2023/11/dd23da9ba979-italy-to-host-g7-summit-on-june-13-15-pm-meloni-says.html |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=Kyodo News+}}</ref> While lacking a legal or institutional basis, the G7 is widely considered to wield significant international influence;<ref name="Shear">{{Cite news|last=Shear|first=Michael D.|date=11 June 2021|title=G7 News: A Return to Face-to-Face Diplomacy|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/06/11/world/g7-summit|access-date=12 June 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> it has catalyzed or spearheaded several major global initiatives, including efforts to combat the HIV/AIDS pandemic, provide financial aid to developing countries, and [[Earth:Climate change mitigation|address climate change]] through the 2015 Paris Agreement.<ref name="Shear"/><ref name="What is the G7"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=What are the G7 and the G8?|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/what_is_g8.html|access-date=12 June 2021|website=www.g8.utoronto.ca}}</ref> However, the group has been criticized by observers for its allegedly outdated and limited membership, narrow global representation, and ineffectualness.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meredith |first=Sam |title='The selfie summit': Why some economists and activists are disappointed with the G-7 |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/14/g-7-summit-why-economists-and-activists-are-disappointed-over-pledges.html |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=CNBC |date=14 June 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Where Is the G7 Headed? |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/where-g7-headed |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=Council on Foreign Relations |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=G-7 Communique Wide-Ranging, But Critics Find Shortcomings |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_g-7-communique-wide-ranging-critics-find-shortcomings/6206982.html |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=VOA |date=13 June 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

==History==
=== Origins ===
The concept of a forum for the capitalist world's major industrialized countries emerged before the [[Finance:1973 oil crisis|1973 oil crisis]]. On 25 March 1973, the United States Secretary of the Treasury, George Shultz, convened an informal gathering of finance ministers from West Germany (Helmut Schmidt), France (Valéry Giscard d'Estaing), and the United Kingdom (Anthony Barber) before an upcoming meeting in [[Place:Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]]. United States President Richard Nixon offered the White House as a venue, and the meeting was subsequently held in its library on the ground floor;<ref name="Schultz">Shultz, George P. (1993). ''Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State'' (Scribner's) p. 148. {{ISBN|0-684-19325-6}}.</ref> the original group of four consequently became known as the "Library Group".<ref>Bayne, Nicholas; Putnam, Robert D. (2000). ''Hanging in There''. Ashgate Pub Ltd. 230 pages. {{ISBN|075461185X}}. p.&nbsp;20.</ref> In mid-1973, at the Spring Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, Shultz proposed the addition of Japan, which all members accepted.<ref name="Schultz"/> The informal gathering of senior financial officials from the United States, United Kingdom, West Germany, Japan, and France became known as the "Group of Five".<ref>Farnsworth, Clyde H. (8 May 1977). "A Secret Society of Finance Ministers", ''New York Times''.</ref>

In 1974, all five members endured sudden and often troubled changes in leadership. French President Georges Pompidou abruptly died, leading to a fresh presidential election that was closely won by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. West German Chancellor [[Biography:Willy Brandt|Willy Brandt]], American President Richard Nixon, and Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka all resigned due to scandals. In the United Kingdom, a hung election led to a minority government whose subsequent instability prompted another election the same year. Consequently, Nixon's successor, Gerald Ford, proposed a retreat the following year for the group's new leaders to learn about one another.

=== First summit and expansion ===
[[File:Photograph of President Gerald R. Ford Meeting with Foreign Heads of State in the Salle des Marbres in the Chateau de Rambouillet at the International Economic Summit Conference in Rambouillet, France - NARA - 7518995.jpg|thumb|left|First G6 summit at the Château de Rambouillet in November 1975]]
At the initiative of Giscard d'Estaing and his German counterpart, Helmut Schmidt, France hosted a three-day summit in November 1975, inviting the Group of Five plus Italy, forming the "Group of Six" (G6).<ref>{{Cite web|title=G7 summit {{!}} The history of the G7|url=https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.|access-date=13 June 2021|website=www.g7germany.de}}</ref> Taking place at the Château de Rambouillet, the meeting focused on several major economic issues, including the oil crisis, the collapse of the [[Finance:Bretton Woods system|Bretton Woods system]], and the ongoing global recession.<ref name="evian">{{cite web|url=http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/the_g8/questions_about_the_g8.html#question1|title=Evian summit – Questions about the G8|publisher=Ministère des Affaires étrangères, Paris|access-date=18 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110420120547/http://www.g8.fr/evian/english/navigation/the_g8/questions_about_the_g8.html#question1|archive-date=20 April 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The result was the 15-point "Declaration of Rambouillet", which, among other positions, announced the group's united commitment to promoting free trade, multilateralism, cooperation with the developing world, and rapprochement with the Eastern Bloc.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MOFA: Rambouillet Summit – Declaration of Rambouillet|url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/01/e01_a.html#:~:text=DECLARATION%20OF%20RAMBOUILLET%20November%2017,%201975%20The%20heads,November%201975,%20and%20agreed%20to%20declare%20as%20follows:|access-date=13 June 2021|website=www.mofa.go.jp}}</ref> The members also established plans for future gatherings to take place regularly every year.

In 1976, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson, who had participated in the first G6 summit, resigned from office; Schmidt and Ford believed the group needed an English speaker with more political experience, and advocated for inviting Pierre Trudeau, who had been Prime Minister of Canada for eight years{{snd}}significantly longer than any G6 leader. Canada was also the next largest advanced economy after the G6 members.<ref>[http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/g8-the-most-exclusive-club-in-the-world-feature/ The Canadian Encyclopedia – Canada and the G8] ''G8: The Most Exclusive Club in the World'', Thomas S. Axworthy, ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', Historica Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Undated. Retrieved 23 July 2015.</ref> The summit in Dorado, Puerto Rico later that year became the first of the current Group of Seven (G7).<ref name="evian" />

In 1977, the United Kingdom, which hosted that year's summit, invited the European Economic Community to join all G7 summits; beginning in 1981, it has attended every gathering through the president of the European Commission and the leader of the country holding the presidency of the Council of the European Union.<ref name=deljpn20060717>{{cite web|url=http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php |title=EU and the G8 |access-date=17 July 2006 |publisher=European Union |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226041143/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php |archive-date=26 December 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Since 2009, the then-newly established position of the President of the European Council, who serves as the Union's principal foreign representative, also regularly attends the summits.

=== Rising profile ===
[[File:G7 flags, Toronto.jpg|thumb|right|Flags of G7 members as seen on University Avenue, Toronto (September 2016)]]
Until the 1985 [[Finance:Plaza Accord|Plaza Accord]], meetings between the seven governments' finance ministers were not public knowledge. The Accord, which involved only the original Group of Five, was announced the day before it was finalized, with a communiqué issued afterward.<ref>{{cite book|author=Schaefer, Robert K|chapter=Dollar Devaluations|title=Understanding Globalization: The Social Consequences of Political, Economic, and Environmental Change|year=2005|publisher=Rowman and Littlefield|page=346}}</ref> The 1980s also marked the G7's expanded concerns beyond macroeconomic issues, namely with respect to international security and conflict; for example, it sought to address the ongoing conflicts between Iran and Iraq and between the Soviet Union and Afghanistan.

Following the 1994 summit in Naples, Russian officials held separate meetings with leaders of the G7. This informal arrangement was dubbed the "Political 8" (P8), colloquially the G7+1. At the invitation of the G7 leaders, Russian President Boris Yeltsin was invited first as a guest observer, and later as a full participant. After the 1997 meeting, Russia was formally invited to the next meeting and formally joined the group in 1998, resulting in the [[Organization:Group of Eight|Group of Eight]] (G8).<ref name="evian" /> Russia was an outlier in the group, as it lacked the national wealth and financial weight of other members, had never been a major advanced economy, and was not yet an established liberal democracy.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx|title=Select Country or Country Groups|website=www.imf.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=AD6F2B43-B17B-345E-E20A1A254A3E24A5 |title=Archived copy |access-date=9 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921085716/http://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=AD6F2B43-B17B-345E-E20A1A254A3E24A5 |archive-date=21 September 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Its invitation, made during a difficult transition to a post-communist economy, is believed to have been motivated by a desire to encourage its political and economic reforms and international engagement.

Russia's membership was suspended in March 2014 in response to its annexation of Crimea.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Smale |first1=Alison |last2=Shear |first2=Michael D. |date=24 March 2014 |title=Russia Is Ousted From Group of 8 by U.S. and Allies |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/25/world/europe/obama-russia-crimea.html |access-date=21 May 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="CNN.com2">{{cite news |date=24 March 2014 |title=U.S., other powers kick Russia out of G8 |publisher=CNN.com |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/24/politics/obama-europe-trip/index.html |access-date=21 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=24 March 2014 |title=Russia suspended from G8 over annexation of Crimea, Group of Seven nations says |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/03/24/there-is-no-g8-russia-suspended-from-exclusive-club-until-it-changes-course-group-of-seven-nations-says/ |access-date=21 December 2015 |work=National Post}}</ref> Members stopped short of permanently ejecting the country,<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2014 |title=Ukraine crisis: Russia is scathing about its G8 suspension |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-crisis-g-7-leaders-cancel-g-8-summit-sochi-until-russia-changes-course-9213000.html |access-date=13 June 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> and in subsequent years expressed an openness or express desire to reinstate Russian participation. In January 2017, Russia announced it would permanently leave the G8, which came into effect June 2018.<ref name="russia-suspension2">{{Cite web |date=13 January 2017 |title=Russia just quit the G8 for good |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/russia-g8-kremlin-crimea-ukraine-vladimir-putin-g7-g20-a7525836.html |website=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=9 June 2018 |title=Russia brushes off possibility of G-8 return |newspaper=The Straits Times |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return}}</ref> In 2020, U.S. President Donald Trump, backed by Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte, advocated for Russia's return; all other members rejected the proposal, and Russia expressed no interest.<ref>{{Cite web|last=hermesauto|date=9 June 2018|title=Russia brushes off possibility of G-8 return|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/russia-brushes-off-possibility-of-g-8-return|access-date=13 June 2021|website=The Straits Times|language=en}}</ref>

== Renewed calls for expanded membership ==
There have been various proposals to expand the G7. The U.S.-based Atlantic Council has held the D-10 Strategy Forum since 2014 with representatives from what it calls "leading democracies" which support a "rules-based democratic order", consisting of all members of the G7 (including the [[Social:European Union|European Union]]) plus {{wipe|Australia}} and {{wipe|South Korea}}. Several democratic countries{{snd}}including {{wipe|India}}, Indonesia, {{wipe|Poland}}, and {{wipe|Spain}}{{snd}} participate as observers.<ref name="auto1" /> Centered around a similar mandate as the G7, the D-10 has been considered by some analysts to be an alternative to the group;<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Forget the G-7 – Biden needs a D-10 to rally the democracies|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/forget-the-g7-biden-needs-a-d-10-to-rally-the-democracies/ar-AAKWD4i|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.msn.com}}</ref> This is also favored by various think tanks and former British leader Boris Johnson.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web | url = https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/programs/scowcroft-center-for-strategy-and-security/global-strategy-initiative/democratic-order-initiative/d-10-strategy-forum/ | title = D-10 Strategy Forum | publisher = Atlantic Council | language = }}</ref>

In 2019 under Putin, {{wipe|Russia}} had signaled support for the inclusion of {{wipe|China}}, India, and [[Place:Turkey|Turkey]] if the G7 had reinstated Russian membership.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russia suggests Turkey to be part of G7 |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-suggests-turkey-to-be-part-of-g7-146320 |access-date = 20 December 2021 |work=Hürriyet Daily News |date= 5 September 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2020 under Trump, the U.S. had signaled support for the inclusion of Australia, {{wipe|Brazil}}, India, and South Korea, plus the reincorporation of Russia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Donald Trump postpones G7 summit and signals wider invitation list |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/31/donald-trump-postpones-g7-summit-and-signals-wider-attendance-list-in-future |access-date=31 May 2020 |work={{wipe|The Guardian}} |date=31 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/spoke-with-trump-about-entry-into-expanded-g7-bolsonaro/1853175|title=Spoke with Trump about entry into expanded G7: Bolsonaro|work = The Outlook |access-date = 2 June 2020}}</ref> The leaders of the other six G7 members unanimously rejected this proposal.<ref>{{cite news |title=G7 leaders reject Russia's return after Trump summit invite |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52885178 |work=BBC |date=2 June 2020 |access-date=6 June 2023}}</ref>

Also in November 2020, Jared Cohen and Richard Fontaine, writing in Foreign Affairs, suggested that the G7 might be expanded to a "T-12" of "Techno Democracies". Earlier, in June of that same year, the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) was announced. Something of a spin-out of the G7, founded by members Canada and France, GPAI's initial membership was 15, including both the EU and India, as well as Australia, Mexico, New Zealand, Singapore, Slovenia, and the Republic of Korea.

Boris Johnson invited members of Australia and the Republic of Korea to the June 2021 G7 summit.<ref name=":0" /> India was also invited to the 2021 summit, with an aim to "deepen the expertise and experience around the table" along with the other guests, according to a U.K. government statement.<ref name="Ellyatt">{{Cite web|last=Ellyatt|first=Holly|date=10 June 2021|title=G-7 summit: Here's a quick guide to everything you need to know|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/10/the-g-7-summit-guide-to-everything-you-need-to-know.html|access-date=15 June 2021|website=CNBC|language=en}}</ref>

In 2021, French jurist and consultant Eric Garner de Béville, a member of the ''Cercle Montesquieu'', proposed Spain's membership to the G7.<ref>{{cite news |title=L'Espagne peut-elle intégrer le G7 |url=https://www.challenges.fr/tribunes/l-espagne-peut-elle-integrer-le-g7_753386 |date=2 March 2021 |work=Challenges |language=fr}}</ref> American Chargé d'Affaires in Spain, Conrad Tribble, stated that the United States "enthusiastically supports" a "greater" role of Spanish leadership at the international level.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-estados-unidos-apoya-entusiasmo-mayor-liderazgo-espana-nivel-internacional-20210325183824.html | title=Estados Unidos "apoya con entusiasmo" un "mayor" liderazgo de España a nivel internacional |date=25 February 2021 |work=Europa Press| language=es}}</ref>

In 2022, Germany has confirmed it will be inviting India,<ref>{{Cite web |title=India invited by Germany for G7 summit in June |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-invited-by-germany-for-g7-summit-in-june-470657 |access-date=21 April 2022 |website=WION |language=en}}</ref> against rumours to the contrary.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-12/germany-may-snub-india-as-g-7-guest-over-russia-stance |title=Germany Weighs Snubbing India as G-7 Guest Over Russia Stance |work=Bloomberg |last1=Nardelli |first1=Alberto |last2=Nienaber |first2=Michael |date=12 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chaudhury |first=Dipanjan Roy |title=Germany isn't considering India's exclusion from G-7 guest list: Source |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/germany-isnt-considering-indias-exclusion-from-g-7-guest-list-source/articleshow/90833144.cms |access-date=21 April 2022}}</ref>{{update after|2022}}<!-- was India actually invited? if so, a better/later source and changing the prose to clarify that would be in order -->

In 2023, Japan's prime minister Fumio Kishida invited South Korea, Australia, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Vietnam, Comoros (representing the African Union), the Cook Islands (representing the Pacific Islands Forum) and {{wipe|Ukraine}} to the 49th summit hosted in Hiroshima.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-05 |title=Japan and South Korea eye package to resolve wartime labor row and other issues |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/03/05/national/politics-diplomacy/south-korea-japan-package-agreement/ |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=The Japan Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-02-19 |title=Japan Eyes Inviting Australia, India to G-7 Summit, NHK Says |language=en |work=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-02-19/japan-eyes-inviting-australia-india-to-g-7-summit-nhk-says |access-date=2023-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=NEWS |first=KYODO |title=Japan eyes inviting India, Indonesia to G-7 summit in 2023 |url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2022/12/a2d313c9651a-japan-eyes-inviting-india-indonesia-to-g-7-summit-in-2023.html |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=Kyodo News+}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-18 |title=G7 summit: Why there are eight more seats at the table this year |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650 |access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Japan-Ukraine Summit Meeting |url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/erp/c_see/ua/page4e_001361.html |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2023 |title=We need global leadership of democracy - President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's speech at the session of the G7 Summit and Ukraine |url=https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/nam-potribne-globalne-liderstvo-demokratiyi-vistup-prezident-83053 |website=Office of the President of Ukraine}}</ref>

==Activities and initiatives==
{{Location map+ |Europe |width=400 |float=right|caption=Host venues of G7 summits in Europe|places=
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=48.643868|long=1.829079|label_size=80|label= 1st|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=51.507351|long=-0.127758|label_size=80|label= 3rd, 10th, 17th|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
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{{location map~ |Europe  |lat=45.440847|long=12.315515|label_size=80|label= 6th, 13th|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
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}}
The G7 was founded primarily to facilitate shared macroeconomic initiatives in response to contemporary economic problems; the first gathering was centered around the [[Finance:Nixon shock|Nixon shock]], the [[Finance:1970s energy crisis|1970s energy crisis]], and the ensuing global recession.<ref name=Bayne>{{Citation|publisher = Routledge|isbn = 9780415164863|ol = 7484858M|chapter = International economic organizations : more policy making less autonomy|title = Autonomous Policymaking By International Organizations (Routledge/Ecpr Studies in European Political Science, 5)| last  = Bayne| first = Nicholas| editor1-last = Reinalda| editor1-first = Bob| editor2-last = Verbeek| editor2-first = Bertjan|date = 1998|oclc = 70763323|id = 0415164869}}</ref> Since 1975, the group has met annually at summits organized and hosted by whichever country occupies the annually-rotating presidency;<ref name="g7germany.de">{{Cite web|title=G7 summit {{!}} The history of the G7|url=https://www.g7germany.de/Content/EN/StatischeSeiten/G7_elmau_en/texte_en/2014-11-05-geschichte-g8.html#:~:text=The%20G7%20was%20born%20as%20a%20result%20of,and%20government%20to%20consult%20on%20international%20economic%20policy.|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.g7germany.de}}</ref> since 1987, the G7 Finance Ministers have met at least semi-annually, and up to four times a year at stand-alone meetings.<ref name="meet">{{cite web|title=G7/8 Ministerial Meetings and Documents|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/meetings.html|work=G8 Information Centre|publisher=University of Toronto|access-date=14 March 2014|year=2014}}</ref>

Beginning in the 1980s, the G7 broadened its areas of concern to include issues of international security, human rights, and global security; for example, during this period, the G7 concerned itself with the ongoing Iran-Iraq War and [[Religion:Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet occupation of Afghanistan]].<ref name="g7germany.de"/> In the 1990s, it launched a debt-relief program for the 42 [[Finance:Heavily indebted poor countries|heavily indebted poor countries]] (HIPC);<ref>{{cite web|title=Debt Relief Under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative;Perspectives on the Current Framework and Options for Change|url=http://www.imf.org/external/np/hipc/options/|author=International Money Fund|publisher=IMF.org|access-date=25 March 2014}}</ref> provided $300 million to help build the [[Physics:Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus|Shelter Structure]] over the damaged reactor at Chernobyl;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://time.com/5255663/chernobyl-disaster-book-anniversary/|title=The True Cost of the Chernobyl Disaster Has Been Greater Than It Seems|date=26 April 2018|magazine={{wipe|Time (magazine)}}|access-date=22 February 2019}}</ref> and established the [[Organization:Financial Stability Forum|Financial Stability Forum]] to help in "managing the international monetary system".<ref name="Van" />
{{location map+ |North America |float=right|width=230 |caption=Host venues of G7 summits in North America|places=
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=18.458835|long=-66.267668|label_size=80|label= 2nd|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=45.651949|long=-74.940872|label_size=80|label= 7th|position=top|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
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{{location map~ |North America  |lat=43.653226|long=-79.383184|label_size=80|label= 14th|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=29.760427|long=-95.369803|label_size=80|label= 16th|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=44.648862|long=-63.575320|label_size=80|label= 21st|position=top|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=39.739236|long=-104.990251|label_size=80|label= 23rd|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=51.075562|long=-115.130786|label_size=80|label= 28th|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=31.201728|long=-81.331690|label_size=80|label= 30th|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=45.326932|long=-79.216754|label_size=80|label= 36th|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=39.647537|long=-77.465895|label_size=80|label= 38th|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |North America  |lat=47.654|long=-70.15268|label_size=80|label= 44th|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
}}
At the turn of the 21st century, the G7 began emphasizing engagement with the developing world. At the 1999 summit, the group helped launch the [[Organization:G20|G20]], a similar forum made up of the G7 and the next 13 largest economies (including the European Union), in order to "promote dialogue between major industrial and emerging market countries";<ref name="Van">{{cite web|last=Van Houtven|first=Leo|title=Rethinking IMF Governance |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2004/09/pdf/vanhoutv.pdf|work=Finance & Development|publisher=International Money Fund|access-date=25 March 2014|page=18|date=September 2004}}</ref> the G20 has been touted by some of its members as a replacement for the G7.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Officials: G-20 to supplant G-8 as international economic council |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/09/24/us.g.twenty.summit/index.html|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.cnn.com}}</ref> Having previously announced a plan to cancel 90% of bilateral debt for the HIPC, totaling $100 billion, in 2005 the G7 announced debt reductions of "up to 100%" to be negotiated on a "case by case" basis.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4238045.stm|title=G7 backs Africa debt relief plan|date=5 February 2005|via=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

Following the [[Finance:Financial crisis of 2007–2008|global financial crisis of 2007–2008]], which was the worst of its kind since the 1970s,<ref>{{cite web|author=Bo Nielsen|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aj_btjkBGNes&refer=home|title=G7 Statement Fails to Convince Major Traders to Change Outlook. |publisher=[[Company:Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg L.P.]]|date=14 April 2008}}</ref> the G7 met twice in Washington, D.C. in 2008 and in Rome, the following February.<ref>{{cite web|author=Simon Kennedy|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601068&sid=ar19H3Xe0d7o&refer=economy|title=G7 Against the Wall – Weighs Loan-Guarantee Plan (Update1)|publisher=[[Company:Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg L.P.]]|date=10 October 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090214/ap_on_re_eu/eu_italy_g7|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216193905/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090214/ap_on_re_eu/eu_italy_g7|url-status=dead|title=Yahoo.com|archive-date=16 February 2009}}</ref> News media reported that much of the world was looking to the group for leadership and solutions.<ref>{{Cite web|title=All eyes on G-7 to address global financial crisis |date=10 October 2008|url=https://money.cnn.com/2008/10/10/news/economy/g7/|access-date=15 June 2021|website=money.cnn.com}}</ref> G7 finance ministers pledged to take "all necessary steps" to stem the crisis,<ref name="O'Grady">{{cite news|last1=O'Grady|first1=Sean|title=G7 pledges action to save banks|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/g7-pledges-action-to-save-banks-957870.html|access-date=7 June 2017|work=The Independent|date=11 October 2008}}</ref> devising an "aggressive action plan" that included providing publicly funded capital infusions to banks in danger of failing.<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 October 2008|title=G7 agrees global rescue plan|url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/oct/11/banking-globaleconomy|access-date=15 June 2021|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Some analysts criticized the group for seemingly advocating that individual governments develop individual responses to the recession, rather than cohere around a united effort.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geopolitical Diary: The G7's Response to the Financial Crisis |url=https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/geopolitical-diary-g7s-response-financial-crisis |date=16 February 2009 |access-date=15 June 2021 |website=Stratfor |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323151334/https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/geopolitical-diary-g7s-response-financial-crisis |archive-date=23 March 2021}}</ref>

In subsequent years, the G7 has faced several geopolitical challenges that have led some international analysts to question its credibility,<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The G7 Tests|url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/g7-tests|access-date=15 June 2021|website=www.csis.org|date=27 May 2021 |language=en|last1=Goodman |first1=Matthew P. }}</ref> or propose its replacement by the G20.<ref>{{Cite web|date=25 July 2014|title=From the G8 to the G7: Russia's (New?) Role in Nonproliferation|url=https://nuclearnetwork.csis.org/from-the-g8-to-the-g7-russias-new-role-in-nonproliferation/|access-date=15 June 2021|website=Nuclear Network|language=en-US}}</ref> On 2 March 2014, the G7 condemned the Russian Federation for its "violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine" through its military intervention.<ref name="toro">{{cite web|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2014sochi/ukraine_140302.html|title=Statement by G7 Nations|work=G8 Info Ctr|publisher=University of Toronto|access-date=10 March 2014|date=2 March 2014}}</ref> The group also announced its commitment to "mobilize rapid technical assistance to support Ukraine in addressing its macroeconomic, regulatory and anti-corruption challenges", while adding that the [[Organization:International Monetary Fund|International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) was best suited to stabilizing the country's finances and economy.<ref name="toro" />
{{location map+ |Japan |width=230 |float=right|caption=Host venues of G7 summits in Japan|places=
{{location map~ |Japan |lat=35.689487|long=139.691706|label_size=80|label= 5th, 12th, 19th|position=left|mark=Arrows 12x12 e.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=26.591546|long=127.977316|label_size=80|label= 26th|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=42.551269|long=140.764098|label_size=80|label= 34th|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=34.328159|long=136.829691|label_size=80|label= 42nd|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
{{location map~ |Japan|lat=34.391389|long=132.451944|label_size=80|label= 49th|position=right|mark=Arrows 12x12 w.svg}}
}}
In response to Russia's subsequent annexation of Crimea, on 24 March the G7 convened an emergency meeting at the official residence of the Prime Minister of the Netherlands, the Catshuis in [[Place:The Hague|The Hague]]; this location was chosen because all G7 leaders were already present to attend the 2014 Nuclear Security Summit hosted by the Netherlands. This was the first G7 meeting neither taking place in a member state nor having the host leader participating in the meeting.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/g7-leaders-descend-on-the-netherlands-for-ukraine-crisis-talks-1.2583287|title=G7 leaders descend on the Netherlands for Ukraine crisis talks|newspaper=CBC news|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=23 March 2014}}</ref> The upcoming G8 summit in Sochi, Russia was moved to Brussels, where the EU was the host. On 5 June 2014 the G7 condemned Moscow for its "continuing violation" of Ukraine's sovereignty and stated they were prepared to impose further sanctions on Russia.<ref name="bbc201406">{{cite web | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27707518 | title = G7 leaders warn Russia of fresh sanctions over Ukraine | author=BBC|publisher=BBC|date = 5 June 2014}}</ref> This meeting was the first since Russia was suspended from the G8,<ref name="bbc201406" /> and subsequently it has not been involved in any G7 summit.

The G7 has continued to take a strong stance against Russia's "destabilising behaviour and malign activities" in Ukraine and elsewhere around the world, following the joint communique from the June 2021 summit in the U.K.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|agency=Reuters|date=13 June 2021|title=G7 Demand Action From Russia on Cybercrimes and Chemical Weapon Use|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-06-13/g7-demand-action-from-russia-on-cybercrimes-and-chemical-weapon-use}}</ref> The group also called on Russia to address international cybercrime attacks launched from within its borders, and to investigate the use of chemical weapons on Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny.<ref name=":1" /> The June 2021 summit also saw the G7 commit to helping the world recover from the global COVID-19 pandemic (including plans to help vaccinate the entire world); encourage further action against climate change and biodiversity loss; and promote "shared values" of pluralism and democracy.<ref name="Ellyatt"/>

In 2022, G7 leaders were invited to attend an extraordinary summit of NATO called in response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite news |title=NATO hosts meeting of G7 Leaders |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/photos_193850.htm?selectedLocale=en |date=24 March 2022 |language=en |work=NATO |access-date=25 March 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NATO hosts meeting of G7 Leaders (revised) |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_193670.htm |date=24 March 2022 |language=en |work=NATO |access-date=25 March 2022 }}</ref>

=== Summit organization ===
The annual G7 summit is attended by each member's head of government.<ref name="feldman1">{{cite journal |last=Feldman |first=Adam |url=https://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/07/05/problems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803031809/http://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/07/05/problems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 August 2008 |title=What's Wrong with the G-8 |journal=Forbes |location=New York |date=7 July 2008}}</ref> The member country holding the G7 presidency is responsible for organizing and hosting the year's summit. The serial annual summits can be parsed chronologically in arguably distinct ways, including as the sequence of host countries for the summits has recurred over time and series.<ref>Hajnal, Peter I. (1999). {{Google books|Bi5JO7FFk7UC|''The G8 System and the G20: Evolution, Role and Documentation'', p. 30.|page=30}}</ref> Generally every country hosts the summit once every seven years.<ref>[http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7 G7 Italy 2017], Italian official website, 2017</ref>

Besides a main meeting in June or July, a number of other meetings may take place throughout the year; in 2021 for example, seven tracks existed for finance (4–5 June 2021), environmental (20 and 21 May 2021), health (3–4 June 2021), trade (27–28 May 2021), interior (7–9 September 2021) digital and technology (28–29 April 2021), development (3–5 May 2021) and foreign ministers.<ref name="ministers">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Ministerial Meetings & Engagement Groups |url=https://www.g7uk.org/ministerial-meetings-engagement-groups/ |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=G7 UK Presidency 2021 |language=en-GB |archive-date=10 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210213243/https://www.g7uk.org/ministerial-meetings-engagement-groups/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{Clear}}

==List of summits==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Overview of G7 summits
|-
!scope="col"|#
!scope="col" style="width:10%" | Date
!scope="col" style="width:15%"| Host
!scope="col" style="width:10%"| Host leader
!scope="col" style="width:15%"| Location held
!scope="col"| Notes
|-
| 1st || data-sort-value="1975"|15–17 November 1975 || {{Country|France|1974}} || Valéry Giscard d'Estaing || Château de Rambouillet, Yvelines ||The first and last G6 summit.
|-
| 2nd || data-sort-value="1976"|27–28 June 1976 || {{Country|United States}} || Gerald R. Ford || Dorado, Puerto Rico<ref name="shabecoff">Shabecoff, Philip. [https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/29/archives/goslow-policies-urged-by-leaders-in-economic-talks-closing.html?sq=+presidentn+Ford++Puerto+Rico+&scp=7&st=p "Go-Slow Policies Urged by Leaders in Economic Talks; Closing Statement Calls for Sustained Growth Coupled With Curbs on Inflation; Ford's Aims Realized; 7 Heads of Government Also Agree to Consider a New Body to Assist Italy Co-Slow Economic Policies Urged by 7 Leaders"], ''The New York Times''. 29 June 1976; [http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html Chronology, June 1976.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715203839/http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html |date=15 July 2010 }}</ref> ||Also called "Rambouillet II". Canada joined the group, forming the G7.<ref name="shabecoff" />
|-
| 3rd || data-sort-value="1977"|7–8 May 1977 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} || James Callaghan || [[Place:London|London]], England || The President of the European Commission was invited to join the annual G7 summits.
|-
| 4th || data-sort-value="1978"|16–17 July 1978 || {{Country|West Germany}} || Helmut Schmidt ||[[Place:Bonn|Bonn]], North Rhine-Westphalia ||
|-
| 5th || data-sort-value="1979"|28–29 June 1979 || {{Country|Japan|1947}} || Masayoshi Ōhira || [[Place:Tokyo|Tokyo]] ||
|-
| 6th || data-sort-value="1980"|22–23 June 1980 || {{Country|Italy}} ||Francesco Cossiga || Venice, Veneto || Prime Minister Ōhira died in office on 12 June; Foreign Minister Saburō Ōkita led the delegation that represented Japan.
|-
| 7th || data-sort-value="1981"|20–21 July 1981 || {{Country|Canada}} || Pierre E. Trudeau || Montebello, Québec ||
|-
| 8th || data-sort-value="1982"|4–6 June 1982 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||François Mitterrand || Versailles, Yvelines ||
|-
| 9th || data-sort-value="1983"|28–30 May 1983 || {{Country|United States}} ||Ronald Reagan || Williamsburg, Virginia ||
|-
| 10th || data-sort-value="1984"|7–9 June 1984 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} || Margaret Thatcher || [[Place:London|London]], England ||
|-
| 11th || data-sort-value="1985"|2–4 May 1985 || {{Country|West Germany}} ||Helmut Kohl ||[[Place:Bonn|Bonn]], North Rhine-Westphalia ||
|-
| 12th || data-sort-value="1986"|4–6 May 1986 || {{Country|Japan|1947}} ||Yasuhiro Nakasone || [[Place:Tokyo|Tokyo]] ||
|-
| 13th || data-sort-value="1987-06-15"|8–10 June 1987 || {{Country|Italy}} ||Amintore Fanfani|| Venice, Veneto ||
|-
| 14th || data-sort-value="1988"|19–21 June 1988 || {{Country|Canada}} ||Brian Mulroney ||Toronto, Ontario ||
|-
| 15th || data-sort-value="1989"|14–16 July 1989 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||François Mitterrand || Paris, Paris || FATF was formed
|-
| 16th || data-sort-value="1990"|9–11 July 1990 || {{Country|United States}} ||George H. W. Bush || Houston, Texas ||
|-
| 17th || data-sort-value="1991"|15–17 July 1991 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} ||John Major|| London, England ||
|-
| 18th || data-sort-value="1992"|6–8 July 1992 || {{Country|Germany}} ||Helmut Kohl || [[Place:Munich|Munich]], Bavaria || The first G7 summit in {{wipe|Germany}}.
|-
| 19th || data-sort-value="1993"|7–9 July 1993 || {{Country|Japan|1947}} ||Kiichi Miyazawa || [[Place:Tokyo|Tokyo]] ||
|-
| 20th || data-sort-value="1994"|8–10 July 1994 || {{Country|Italy}} ||Silvio Berlusconi|| Naples, Campania ||
|-
| 21st || data-sort-value="1995"|15–17 June 1995 || {{Country|Canada}} ||Jean Chrétien || Halifax, Nova Scotia ||
|-
| 22nd || data-sort-value="1996"|27–29 June 1996 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||Jacques Chirac || Lyon, Rhône ||The first summit to debut international organizations, namely the United Nations, World Bank, [[Organization:International Monetary Fund|International Monetary Fund]], and the [[Organization:World Trade Organization|World Trade Organization]].<ref name="G8 paper">Kirton, John. [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/scholar/kirton-performance-080717.pdf "A Summit of Substantial Success: The Performance of the 2008 G8"; pp. 88, 89] ''G8 Information Centre&nbsp;– University of Toronto'' 17 July 2008.</ref>
|-
| 23rd || data-sort-value="1997"|20–22 June 1997|| {{Country|United States}} ||Bill Clinton ||Denver, Colorado ||Russia joined the group, forming the G8.
|-
| 24th || data-sort-value="1998"|15–17 May 1998 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} ||Tony Blair || Birmingham, West Midlands||
|-
| 25th || data-sort-value="1999"|18–20 June 1999 || {{Country|Germany}} ||Gerhard Schröder|| Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia ||The first summit of the [[Organization:G20|G20 major economies]] at [[Place:Berlin|Berlin]].
|-
| 26th || data-sort-value="2000"|21–23 July 2000 || {{Country|Japan}} ||Yoshirō Mori ||Nago, Okinawa ||South Africa was invited to the summit for the first time, and was thereafter invited annually without interruption until the 38th G8 summit in 2012. With permission from a G8 leader, other nations were invited to the summit on a periodical basis for the first time. Nigeria, Algeria, and Senegal accepted their invitations here. The [[Organization:World Health Organization|World Health Organization]] was also invited for the first time.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| 27th || data-sort-value="2001"|21–22 July 2001 || {{Country|Italy}} ||Silvio Berlusconi || Genoa, Liguria ||Leaders from Bangladesh, Mali, and El Salvador accepted their invitations here.<ref name="G8 paper" /> Demonstrator Carlo Giuliani was shot and killed by the Carabinieri during a violent demonstration. One of the largest and most violent [[Finance:Anti-globalization movement|anti-globalization movement]] protests occurred during the summit.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7506609.stm Italy officials convicted over G8], BBC News, 15 July 2008</ref> Following those events and the 11 September attacks two months later in 2001, the summits have been held at more remote locations.
|-
| 28th || data-sort-value="2002"|26–27 June 2002 || {{Country|Canada}} ||Jean Chrétien || Kananaskis, Alberta ||Russia gained permission to officially host a G8 Summit.
|-
| 29th || data-sort-value="2003"|1–3 June 2003 || {{Country|France|1974}} ||Jacques Chirac || Évian-les-Bains, Haute-Savoie ||The [[Organization:G8+5|G8+5]] was unofficially formed when China, India, Brazil, and Mexico were invited to this summit for the first time (the other member of the +5 was South Africa). Other first-time nations that were invited by the French president included Egypt, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, and Switzerland.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| 30th || data-sort-value="2004"|8–10 June 2004 || {{Country|United States}} ||George W. Bush || Sea Island, Georgia ||A record number of leaders from 12 different nations accepted their invitations here. Amongst a couple of veteran nations, the others were: Ghana, Afghanistan, Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Turkey, Yemen, and Uganda.<ref name="G8 paper" /> The state funeral of former President Ronald Reagan took place in Washington during the summit. Many of the G8 leaders attended this funeral, along with 20 other heads of state.
|-
| 31st || data-sort-value="2005"|6–8 July 2005 || {{Country|United Kingdom}} ||Tony Blair || Gleneagles, Scotland||The [[Organization:G8+5|G8+5]] was officially formed. On the second day of the meeting, suicide bombers killed 52 people on the London Underground and a bus. Ethiopia and Tanzania were invited for the first time. The African Union and the [[Organization:International Energy Agency|International Energy Agency]] made their debut here.<ref name="G8 paper" /> 225,000 people took to the streets of Edinburgh as part of the Make Poverty History campaign calling for Trade Justice, Debt Relief and Better Aid. Numerous other demonstrations also took place challenging the legitimacy of the G8.<ref>David Miller [http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/6279 "Spinning the G8"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090528184428/http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/6279 |date=28 May 2009 }}, Zednet, 13 May 2005.</ref>
|-
| 32nd || data-sort-value="2006"|15–17 July 2006 || {{Country|Russia}}<br />([[Organization:G8|G8]] member, not G7)<ref name="autogenerated1"/> ||Vladimir Putin ||Strelna, Saint Petersburg ||The only G8 summit held in Russia. The [[Organization:International Atomic Energy Agency|International Atomic Energy Agency]] and [[Organization:UNESCO|UNESCO]] made their debut here.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| 33rd || data-sort-value="2007"|6–8 June 2007 || {{Country|Germany}} || [[Biography:Angela Merkel|Angela Merkel]] || Heiligendamm, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ||Seven different international organizations accepted their invitations to this summit. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the Commonwealth of Independent States made their debut here.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| 34th || data-sort-value="2008"|7–9 July 2008 || {{Country|Japan}} || Yasuo Fukuda ||Tōyako, Hokkaidō ||Australia, Indonesia, and South Korea accepted their G8 summit invitations for the first time.<ref name="G8 paper" />
|-
| 35th || data-sort-value="2009"|8–10 July 2009 || {{Country|Italy}} || Silvio Berlusconi || L'Aquila, Abruzzo ||This G8 summit was originally planned to be held in La Maddalena (Sardinia), but was moved to L'Aquila as a way of showing Prime Minister Berlusconi's desire to help the region after the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://runninginheels.com/articles/berlusconi-proposes-relocation-of-g8-summit-to-laquila/ |title=Berlusconi Proposes Relocation of G8 Summit to L'Aquila |publisher=Running in heels |date=24 April 2009 |access-date=12 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808230903/http://runninginheels.com/articles/berlusconi-proposes-relocation-of-g8-summit-to-laquila/ |archive-date=8 August 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> With 15 invited countries, it was the most heavily attended summit in the history of the group. Angola, Denmark, Netherlands, and Spain accepted their invitations for the first time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_AltriPaesi.htm |title=G8 Summit 2009 – official website – Other Countries |publisher=G8italia2009.it |access-date=8 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406013349/http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_AltriPaesi.htm |archive-date=6 April 2010 }}</ref> A record of 11 international organizations were represented in this summit. For the first time, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the [[Organization:World Food Programme|World Food Programme]], and the International Labour Organization accepted their invitations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_OrganizzazioniInternazionali.htm |title=G8 Summit 2009 – official website – International Organizations |publisher=G8italia2009.it |access-date=8 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406013354/http://www.g8italia2009.it/G8/Home/Summit/Partecipanti/G8-G8_Layout_locale-1199882116809_OrganizzazioniInternazionali.htm |archive-date=6 April 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| 36th || data-sort-value="2010"|25–26 June 2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2010muskoka/2010plans/2010-g8plans-100623.pdf |title=Canada's G8 Plans |access-date=27 June 2010}}</ref> || {{Country|Canada}} || Stephen Harper || Huntsville, Ontario<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=2155 |title=Prime Minister of Canada: Prime Minister announces Canada to host 2010 G8 Summit in Huntsville |publisher=Pm.gc.ca |access-date=8 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208043545/http://www.pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=2155 |archive-date=8 February 2010 }}</ref> ||Malawi, Colombia, Haiti, and Jamaica accepted their invitations for the first time.<ref>[http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2010muskoka/delegations.html Participants at the 2010 Muskoka Summit]. G8 Information Centre. Retrieved 29 June 2010.</ref>
|-
| 37th || data-sort-value="2011"|26–27 May 2011 || {{Country|France|1974}} || Nicolas Sarkozy || Deauville,<ref>[http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/le-prochain-g20-aura-lieu-a-cannes-12-11-2010-1261419_23.php "Le prochain G20 aura lieu à Cannes"], ''Le point''. 12 November 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.g20-g8.com/g8-g20/g8/english/the-2011-summit/host-city/the-city-of-deauville/the-city-of-deauville.739.html The City of Deauville] ''Official 2011 G8 website''. Retrieved 7 February 2011. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319170128/http://www.g20-g8.com/g8-g20/g8/english/the-2011-summit/host-city/the-city-of-deauville/the-city-of-deauville.739.html |date=19 March 2012 }}</ref> Calvados || Guinea, Niger, Côte d'Ivoire, and Tunisia accepted their invitations for the first time. The League of Arab States made its debut in the meeting.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2011deauville/kirton-prospects-110526.html |title=Prospects for the 2011 G8 Deauville Summit |work=G8 Information Centre |first=John| last=Kirton| date=26 May 2011| access-date=27 May 2011}}</ref>
|-
| 38th || data-sort-value="2012"|18–19 May 2012 || {{Country|United States}} || [[Biography:Barack Obama|Barack Obama]] || Camp David, Maryland || The summit was originally planned for Chicago, along with the NATO summit,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/whatsnew/2012location-change.html |title=2012 G8 Summit Relocation |publisher=G8.utoronto.ca |access-date=26 March 2013}}</ref> but on 5 March 2012 an official announcement was made that the summit would be held at the more private location of Camp David, and starting one day earlier than previously scheduled.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2012/03/05/g8-summit-moved-to-camp-david/| title=White House Moves G8 Summit From Chicago To Camp David| work=CBS Chicago| date=5 March 2012| access-date=5 March 2012}}</ref> The second summit in which one of the leaders, in this case Vladimir Putin, declined to participate. The summit concentrated on the core leaders only, as no non-G8 leaders or international organizations were invited.
|-
| 39th || data-sort-value="2013"|17–18 June 2013 || {{Country|United Kingdom}}  || David Cameron || Lough Erne, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-20408441 |title=BBC News – Lough Erne resort in Fermanagh to host G8 summit |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=20 November 2012 |access-date=26 March 2013|work=BBC News }}</ref> ||As in 2012, only the core members of the G8 attended this meeting. The four main topics that were discussed here were trade, government transparency, tackling tax evasion, and the ongoing Syrian crisis.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22957599| title=As it happened: G8 summit| work=BBC News| access-date=18 June 2013}}</ref>
|-
| 40th|| data-sort-value="2014"|4–5 June 2014 || {{Country|European Union}} || Herman Van Rompuy <br /> José Manuel Barroso || Brussels, Belgium || This summit was originally planned to be held in Sochi, Russia, but was relocated, with Russia disinvited, due to the latter's annexation of Crimea.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/top-stories/russia-out-in-the-cold-after-suspension-from-the-g8-1-3345503| title=Russia out in the cold after suspension from the G8| work=The Scotsman| date=18 March 2014| access-date=23 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702303949704579458753312382992.html| title=G-7 Agrees to Exclude Russia, Increase Sanctions/World Powers to Meet in Brussels in June Without Russia| work=The Wall Street Journal| date=25 March 2014}}</ref> Thus, the grouping reverted from G8 back to G7. (There was an emergency meeting in March 2014 in The Hague.)
|-
| 41st || data-sort-value="2015"|7–8 June 2015 || {{Country|Germany}} || [[Biography:Angela Merkel|Angela Merkel]] || Schloss Elmau, Bavaria<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/germany-to-hold-2015-g8-summit-at-alpine-spa/2014/01/23/66783558-842a-11e3-a273-6ffd9cf9f4ba_story.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140123171618/http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/germany-to-hold-2015-g8-summit-at-alpine-spa/2014/01/23/66783558-842a-11e3-a273-6ffd9cf9f4ba_story.html|url-status=dead|title=Germany to hold 2015 G8 summit at Alpine spa |date=23 January 2014|archive-date=23 January 2014|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> ||The summit was focused on the global economy, as well as on key issues regarding foreign, security, and development policy.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.g7germany.de/Webs/G7/EN/G7-Gipfel_en/Agenda_en/agenda_node.html|title=German G7 presidency – Key topics for the summit announced| date=19 November 2014}}</ref> The Global Apollo Programme was also on the agenda.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carrington|first1=Damian|title=Global Apollo programme seeks to make clean energy cheaper than coal|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/02/apollo-programme-for-clean-energy-needed-to-tackle-climate-change|access-date=2 June 2015|work={{wipe|The Guardian}}|issue=2 June 2015|publisher=Guardian News Media}}</ref>
|-
| 42nd || data-sort-value="2016"|26–27 May 2016<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.prepsure.com/news/japan-announced-to-host-g7-summit-in-2016-in-shima/| title=Japan announced to host G7 summit in 2016 in Shima| work=prepsure.com| date=23 June 2015| access-date=27 June 2015| archive-date=30 June 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630031609/http://www.prepsure.com/news/japan-announced-to-host-g7-summit-in-2016-in-shima/| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/world-news/japan-announces-dates-for-g7-summit-in-2016-774332| title=Japan Announces Dates for G7 Summit in 2016| work=NDTV| date=23 June 2015| access-date=27 June 2015}}</ref> || {{Country|Japan}} || Shinzō Abe || Shima, Mie Prefecture<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150605/k10010104641000.html |title=来年のサミット 三重県志摩市で開催へ (Next Year's Summit To Be Held in Shima City, Mie Prefecture) |language=ja |date=5 June 2015 |access-date=5 June 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150605093012/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20150605/k10010104641000.html |archive-date=5 June 2015 }}</ref> ||The G7 leaders aimed to address challenges affecting the growth of the [[Finance:World economy|world economy]], like slowdowns in emerging markets and drops in [[Finance:Price of oil|price of oil]]. The G7 also issued a warning to the United Kingdom that "a UK exit from the EU would reverse the trend towards greater global trade and investment, and the jobs they create and is a further serious risk to growth."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Asthana|first1=Anushka|title=Brexit would pose 'serious risk' to global growth, say G7 leaders|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/may/27/brexit-would-pose-a-serious-risk-to-global-growth-say-g7-leaders|access-date=28 May 2016|work=The Guardian|date=27 May 2016}}</ref> Commitment to an EU–Japan Free Trade Agreement.
|-
| 43rd || data-sort-value="2017"|26–27 May 2017<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Renzi-il-G7-del-2017-vorremmo-farlo-in-Sicilia-e-una-scelta-di-politica-culturale-Il-presidente-del-Consiglio-al-G7-in-Giappone-1147181c-342e-40b5-8774-2a197e087cc4.html| title=Renzi announces to host G7 summit in 2017 in Taormina| work=RaiNews24| date=26 May 2016| access-date=27 May 2016}}</ref> || {{Country|Italy}} || Paolo Gentiloni || Taormina, Sicily<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blogtaormina.it/2016/04/01/g7-taormina-ufficiale-renzi-chiama-boston-sindaco-giardina-vertice-si-fara-nella-perla/221255|title=G7 a Taormina, è ufficiale. Renzi chiama da Boston il sindaco Giardina: "Il vertice si farà nella Perla"|last=Redazione|date=1 April 2016}}</ref> ||The G7 leaders emphasized common endeavours: ending the Syrian crisis, fulfilling the UN mission in Libya, and reducing the presence of ISIS, ISIL, and Da'esh in Syria and Iraq. North Korea was urged to comply with UN resolutions, and Russian responsibility for the Ukrainian conflict was stressed. Supporting economic activity and ensuring price stability was demanded, while inequalities in trade and gender were called to be challenged. It was agreed to help countries in creating conditions that address the drivers of migration: ending hunger, increasing competitiveness, and advancing global health security.<ref name="Come funziona il G7">{{cite web|url=http://www.g7italy.it/cose-g7|title=Come funziona il G7? |website=www.g7italy.it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=G7 Taormina Leaders' Communiqué|url=http://www.g7italy.it/sites/default/files/documents/G7%20Taormina%20Leaders%27%20Communique_27052017_0.pdf|publisher=G7 Italy 2017|date=27 May 2017|access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| 44th || data-sort-value="2018"|8–9 June 2018 || {{Country|Canada}}<ref name="gcnews">{{cite web|url=http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2017/05/27/canada-host-2018-g7-summit-charlevoix-quebec|title=Canada to host 2018 G7 Summit in Charlevoix, Quebec|date=27 May 2017|access-date=27 May 2017|website=pm.gc.ca|publisher=Prime Minister of Canada}}</ref> || Justin Trudeau || La Malbaie, Québec (Charlevoix)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Canada |first=Global Affairs |date=2019-02-20 |title=The Charlevoix G7 Summit Communique |url=https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/international_relations-relations_internationales/g7/documents/2018-06-09-summit-communique-sommet.aspx?lang=eng |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=GAC}}</ref>||The summit took place at the Manoir Richelieu. Prime Minister Trudeau announced five themes for Canada's G7 presidency, which began in January 2018. Climate, along with commerce trades, was one of the main themes. "''Working together on climate change, oceans and clean energy''."<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.02.014|title = A call for Canada to move toward zero plastic waste by reducing and recycling single-use plastics| journal=Resources, Conservation and Recycling| volume=133| pages=99–100|year = 2018|last1 = Walker|first1 = Tony R.| last2=Xanthos| first2=Dirk|s2cid = 117378637}}</ref> The final statement contained 28 points. US President Donald Trump did not agree to the economic section of the final statement.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2018/06/09/sommet-du-g7-vers-un-communique-final-de-compromis_5312283_3210.html|title=Sommet du G7 : Trump retire son soutien au communiqué commun sur le commerce|newspaper=Le Monde.fr|date=9 June 2018}}</ref> The G7 members also announced to recall sanctions and to be ready to take further restrictive measures against Russian Federation for its failure to implement the Minsk Protocol completely.<ref name="auto">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-communique-text/the-charlevoix-g7-summit-communique-idUSKCN1J5107|title=The Charlevoix G7 Summit Communique|newspaper=Reuters|date=9 June 2018}}</ref>
|-
| 45th || data-sort-value="2019"|24–26 August 2019 || {{Country|France|1974}}<ref name="presidency rotation 2015-2020">{{cite news|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-14-392_en.htm| title=G7 Summit in Brussels, 4–5 June 2014: Background note and facts about the EU's role and action| date=3 June 2014 |access-date=2 April 2015}}</ref> || Emmanuel Macron || Biarritz, Pyrénées-Atlantiques ||It was agreed at the summit that the World Trade Organization, "with regard to intellectual property protection, to settle disputes more swiftly and to eliminate unfair trade practices", "to simplify regulatory barriers and modernize international taxation within the framework of the OECD", "to ensure that Iran never acquires nuclear weapons and to foster peace and stability in the region", and "to support a truce in Libya that will lead to a long-term ceasefire". The summit also addressed the Russian military intervention in Ukraine and the 2019 Hong Kong anti-extradition bill protests.<ref name="scmp">{{cite news |title=US President Donald Trump says he believes China sincerely seeks a trade deal |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3024439/us-president-donald-trump-says-he-believes-china-sincerely |work=South China Morning Post|date=26 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="xinhua">{{cite news |title=News Analysis: G7 summit declaration cannot conceal deep U.S.-EU rift |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-08/27/c_138340579.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827001041/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-08/27/c_138340579.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 August 2019 |publisher=xinhuanet |date=27 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="lh">{{cite news |title=Biarritz G7 summit non-binding declaration on Libya calls for truce, political solution and conference |url=https://www.libyaherald.com/2019/08/27/biarritz-g7-summit-non-binding-declaration-on-libya-calls-for-truce-political-solution-and-conference/ |work=Libya Herald|date=27 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="rthk">{{cite news |title=G7 leaders back HK autonomy, urge calm |url=https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1476988-20190827.htm |publisher=rthk.hk |date=27 August 2019}}</ref>
|-bgcolor=#e0e0e0
| 46th || data-sort-value="2020"|''Cancelled'' || {{Country|United States}} (cancelled)<ref name="presidency rotation 2015-2020"/> ||Donald Trump (cancelled)|| Camp David, Maryland (cancelled)||The summit was originally to be held in Camp David, Maryland, but was officially postponed on 19 March 2020 due to the concerns over the worldwide coronavirus pandemic, and was planned to be replaced by a global videoconference,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.axios.com/g7-summit-coronavirus-9c91ec94-ab3f-4714-b418-04ee1eafd658.html|title=White House cancels in-person G7 summit at Camp David due to coronavirus|publisher= Media|author=Perano, Ursula|author2=Treene, Alayna|date=19 March 2020|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> but in the end, no meeting was held.
|-
| 47th || data-sort-value="2021"|11–13 June 2021<ref name="g7UK">{{Cite web |title=G7 UK Presidency 2021 |url=https://www.g7uk.org/ |access-date=10 December 2021 |website=G7 UK Presidency 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> || {{Country|United Kingdom}}|| Boris Johnson || Carbis Bay, Cornwall, England<ref>{{Cite news|date=17 January 2021|title=G7: UK to host Cornwall seaside summit in summer|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-55678267|access-date=17 January 2021}}</ref>||The summit reached provisional agreement on a global [[Finance:Minimum corporate tax rate|minimum corporate tax rate]] of 15%.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/05/us/politics/g7-global-minimum-tax.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605140521/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/05/us/politics/g7-global-minimum-tax.html |archive-date=5 June 2021 |url-access=limited|title=Finance Leaders Reach Global Tax Deal Aimed at Ending Profit Shifting|first=Alan|last=Rappeport|newspaper=The New York Times|date=5 June 2021}}</ref>
|-
| 48th || data-sort-value="2022"|26–28 June 2022<ref name="G7 Germany 2022">{{Cite web |title=G7 Germany Presidency 2022 |url=https://www.g7germany.de/ |access-date=10 March 2022 |website=2022 G7 presidency Germany |language=en-GB}}</ref> || {{Country|Germany}}<ref name="Come funziona il G7"/> || Olaf Scholz || Schloss Elmau, Bavaria<ref>{{cite web|title=Germany's G7 Presidency in 2022: 2022 G7 Summit at Schloss Elmau|url=https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/service/g7-at-schloss-elmau-1991596|website=Bundesregierung|access-date=19 December 2021|date=14 December 2021}}</ref>
|Discussed with Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy virtually, and the statement on support for Ukraine was issued.<ref>{{cite web|date=27 June 2022 |title=G7 Statement on Support for Ukraine |url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057196/4628490eda0863e429c30136ec180feb/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-en-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=27 June 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=27 June 2022 |title=Annex to G7 Statement on Support for Ukraine |url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057220/cb6b996346f44316f74854ad987d8ed5/2022-06-27-g7-erklaerung-ukraine-annex-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=27 June 2022 }}</ref> Also discussed with invited guests about global food security, gender equality and "Investing in a Better Future" on climate, energy and health, and G7 Leaders' Communiqué was issued after the summit meetings.<ref>{{cite web|date=28 June 2022 |title=G7 Leaders' Communiqué – Executive Summary
|url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057928/1315842ed9de069fa1be82dab18dabb2/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-executive-summ-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=28 June 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2022 |title=G7 Leaders' Communiqué |url=https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057914/09bf78deb629910db2c445a1e7595f0b/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-data.pdf?download=1 |website=The Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, Germany |access-date=28 June 2022 |archive-date=30 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630042532/https://www.g7germany.de/resource/blob/974430/2057914/09bf78deb629910db2c445a1e7595f0b/2022-06-28-leaders-communique-data.pdf?download=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| 49th|| data-sort-value="2023" |19–21 May 2023<ref>{{cite news|date=15 July 2022 |title=Japan Launches G-7 Hiroshima Summit Secretariat |url=https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2022071500133/ |work=Nippon.com |access-date=16 July 2022 }}</ref> || {{Country|Japan}}<ref name="Come funziona il G7"/> || Fumio Kishida || Hiroshima<ref>{{cite web|title=Press Conference by Foreign Minister HAYASHI Yoshimasa|url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/press/kaiken/kaiken22e_000081.html|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)|access-date=11 June 2022|date=27 May 2022}}</ref>
|At the situation of the world facing multiple crises, including Russian invasion of Ukraine, climate crisis, pandemic, and geopolitical crisis, the G7 discussed to counter these crisis. The G7 affirmed to uphold "the free and open international order" based on "the [[Philosophy:Rule of law|rule of law]]", and strengthened the G7's outreach to the emerging and developing countries.<ref name="JF_2023-05-13">{{cite web |date=13 May 2023 |author=Fumio Kishida |title=The G7 Hiroshima Summit: Respond to the Multiple Crises that the World is Facing |url=https://japan-forward.com/the-g7-hiroshima-summit-respond-to-the-multiple-crises-that-the-world-is-facing/ |website=Japan Forward |access-date=22 May 2023 |archive-date=22 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522230401/https://japan-forward.com/the-g7-hiroshima-summit-respond-to-the-multiple-crises-that-the-world-is-facing/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The long guest list reflects the attempts to woo what many call the "Global South", a term used for developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America, all of whom have complex political and economic ties to both Russia and China.<ref>{{cite web|date=18 May 2023 |author=Laura Bicker |title=G7 summit: Why there are eight more seats at the table this year |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65630650 |website=BBC |access-date= 27 May 2023 }}</ref> President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy attended two sessions as guest and got a lot of attention.<ref>{{cite web|date=21 May 2023 |author=Tessa Wong |title=Zelensky dominates summit as G7 leaders call out China |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65657996 |website=BBC |access-date= 27 May 2023 }}</ref>
|-
| 50th|| data-sort-value="2024" | 13–15 June 2024 || {{Country|Italy}}<ref name="Come funziona il G7"/> || Giorgia Meloni || Fasano, Apulia ||
|-
| 51st|| data-sort-value="2025" |TBD, 2025 || {{Country|Canada}} || TBD || TBD ||
|}

==Current leaders==

<gallery class="center" widths="120px">
File:Justin Trudeau in April 2023.jpg|'''{{flag|Canada}}'''<br/>Justin Trudeau,<br/>Prime Minister|alt=CanadaJustin Trudeau,Prime Minister
File:Emmanuel Macron June 2022 (cropped).jpg|'''{{flag|France}}'''<br/>Emmanuel Macron,<br/>President|alt=FranceEmmanuel Macron,President
File:Olaf Scholz in 2023 (cropped).jpg|'''{{flag|Germany}}'''<br/>Olaf Scholz,<br/>Chancellor|alt=GermanyOlaf Scholz,Chancellor
File:Giorgia Meloni Official 2023 crop.jpg|'''{{flag|Italy}}'''<br/>Giorgia Meloni,<br/>Prime Minister|alt=ItalyGiorgia Meloni,Prime Minister
File:Fumio Kishida 20211004.jpg|'''{{flag|Japan}}'''<br/>Fumio Kishida,<br/>Prime Minister|alt=JapanFumio Kishida,Prime Minister
File:Portrait of Prime Minister Rishi Sunak (cropped).jpg|'''{{flag|United Kingdom}}'''<br/>Rishi Sunak,<br/>Prime Minister|alt=United KingdomRishi Sunak,Prime Minister
File:Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|'''{{flag|United States}}'''<br/>Joe Biden,<br/>President|alt=United StatesJoe Biden,President
File:Charles Michel 2019 (cropped).jpg|'''{{flag|European Union}}'''<br/>Charles Michel,<br/>President of the European Council|alt=European UnionCharles Michel,President of the European Council
File:Official Portrait of Ursula von der Leyen (cropped).jpg|'''{{flag|European Union}}'''<br/>Ursula von der Leyen,<br/>President of the European Commission|alt=European UnionUrsula von der Leyen,President of the European Commission
</gallery>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Leaders of G7 members
! scope="col" | Member
! scope="col" colspan="2" | Leader(s)
! scope="col" colspan="2" | Minister of Finance
! scope="col" colspan="2" | Central Bank Governor
! scope="col" colspan="2" | Party
|-
| scope="row" | '''Canada'''
| Prime Minister
| Justin Trudeau
| Minister of Finance
| Chrystia Freeland
| Governor
| Tiff Macklem
| Liberal
|-
| scope="row" | '''France'''
| President
| Emmanuel Macron
| Minister of the Economy and Finance
| Bruno Le Maire
| Governor
| François Villeroy de Galhau
| Renaissance
|-
| scope="row" | '''Germany'''
| Chancellor
| Olaf Scholz
| Minister of Finance
| Christian Lindner
| President
| Joachim Nagel
| SPD<br/>FDP
|-
| scope="row" | '''Italy'''
| Prime Minister
| Giorgia Meloni
| Minister of Economy and Finance
| Giancarlo Giorgetti
| Governor
| Fabio Panetta
| FdI<br/>Lega
|-
| scope="row" | '''Japan'''
| Prime Minister
| Fumio Kishida
| Minister of Finance
| Shunichi Suzuki
| Governor
| Kazuo Ueda
| LDP
|-
| scope="row" | '''United Kingdom'''
| Prime Minister
| Rishi Sunak
| Chancellor of the Exchequer
| Jeremy Hunt
| Governor
| Andrew Bailey
| [[Finance:Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|-
| scope="row" | '''United States'''
| President
| Joe Biden
| Secretary of the Treasury
| [[Biography:Janet Yellen|Janet Yellen]]
| Chair
| Jerome Powell
| Democratic
|-
| scope="row" rowspan="2" | '''European Union'''
| Council President<ref name="EU rep">[http://euobserver.com/9/29713 "Van Rompuy and Barroso to both represent EU at G20"]. EUobserver.com. 19 March 2010. Retrieved 21 October 2012. "The permanent president of the EU Council, former Belgian premier Herman Van Rompuy, also represents the bloc abroad in foreign policy and security matters ... in other areas, such as climate change, President Barroso will speak on behalf of the 27-member club."</ref>
| Charles Michel
| rowspan="2" | Commissioner for Economy
| rowspan="2" | Paolo Gentiloni
| rowspan="2" | President
| rowspan="2" | Christine Lagarde
| rowspan="2" | MR (Renew)<br/>CDU (EPP)<br/>PD (S&D)
|-
| Commission President<ref name="EU rep"/>
| Ursula von der Leyen
|}

===Member country data===
The G7 is composed of the seven wealthiest advanced countries. The {{wipe|China}}, according to its data, would be the second-largest with 17.90% of the world net wealth,<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2021|title=Global Wealth Databook 2021|url=https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf|access-date=20 December 2021|website=[[Company:Credit Suisse|Credit Suisse]]. credit-suisse.com|at=Table 2-1. p.&nbsp;21}}</ref> but is excluded because of its relatively low net wealth per adult and Human Development Index.<ref name="autogenerated1" /> As of 2021, Crédit Suisse reports the G7 (without the [[Social:European Union|European Union]]) represents around 53% of the global [[Finance:Net worth|net wealth]];<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2021|title=Global Wealth Databook 2021|url=https://www.credit-suisse.com/media/assets/corporate/docs/about-us/research/publications/global-wealth-databook-2021.pdf|access-date=20 December 2021|website=[[Company:Credit Suisse|Credit Suisse]]. credit-suisse.com|at=Table 2-1 "Country details". p.&nbsp;21–24.}}</ref> including the EU, the G7 accounts for over 60% of the global net wealth.<ref name=":3" />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Overview of G7 members
|-
!scope="col"| Member
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[Finance:International trade|Trade]] mil. USD (2014)
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[Finance:List of countries by GDP (nominal)|Nominal GDP]] (USD million)<ref name=":5">{{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |publisher=[[Organization:International Monetary Fund|International Monetary Fund]]}}</ref>
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | PPP GDP (Int$ million)<ref name=":5" />
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | Nominal GDP per capita ($)<ref name=":5" />
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | PPP GDP per capita (Int$)<ref name=":5" />
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[Engineering:Human Development Index|HDI]] (2021)
!scope="col" data-sort-type="number" | [[Earth:List of countries and dependencies by population|Population]] (2022-2023)
!scope="col" |Permanent members of UN Security Council
!scope="col" |DAC
!scope="col" |[[Organization:OECD|OECD]]
!scope="col" |Economic classification (IMF)<ref name=":5" />
|-
|scope="row"| Canada
| style="text-align: right;" | 947,200
| style="text-align: right;" |2,089,672
| style="text-align: right;" |2,385,124
| style="text-align: right;" |52,722
| style="text-align: right;" |60,177
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.936
| style="text-align: right;" | 39,891,963
| style="text-align:center;"| {{N}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced
|-
|scope="row"| France
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,212,300
| style="text-align: right;" |2,923,489
| style="text-align: right;" |3,872,729
| style="text-align: right;" |44,408
| style="text-align: right;" |58,828
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.903
| style="text-align: right;" | 68,042,591
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced
|-
|scope="row"| Germany
| style="text-align: right;" | 2,866,600
| style="text-align: right;" |4,308,854
| style="text-align: right;" |5,545,656
| style="text-align: right;" |51,383
| style="text-align: right;" |66,132
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.942
| style="text-align: right;" | 84,270,625
| style="text-align:center;"| {{N}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced
|-
|scope="row"| Italy
| style="text-align: right;" | 948,600
| style="text-align: right;" |2,169,745
| style="text-align: right;" |3,195,548
| style="text-align: right;" |36,812
| style="text-align: right;" |44,160
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.895
| style="text-align: right;" | 58,815,463
| style="text-align:center;"| {{N}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced
|-
|scope="row"| Japan
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,522,400
| style="text-align: right;" |4,409,738
| style="text-align: right;" |6,456,527
| style="text-align: right;" |35,385
| style="text-align: right;" |51,809
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.925
| style="text-align: right;" | 124,470,000
| style="text-align:center;"| {{N}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced
|-
|scope="row"| United Kingdom
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,189,400
| style="text-align: right;" |3,158,938
| style="text-align: right;" |3,846,931
| style="text-align: right;" |46,371
| style="text-align: right;" |56,471
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.929
| style="text-align: right;" | 67,026,292
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced
|-
|scope="row"| United States
| style="text-align: right;" | 3,944,000
| style="text-align: right;" |26,854,599
| style="text-align: right;" |26,854,599
| style="text-align: right;" |80,034
| style="text-align: right;" |80,034
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.921
| style="text-align: right;" | 334,748,000
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced
|-
|scope="row"| [[Social:European Union|European Union]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 4,485,000
| style="text-align: right;" | 17,818,782
| style="text-align: right;" | 25,399,093
| style="text-align: right;" | 39,940
| style="text-align: right;" | 56,929
| style="text-align: right;" | 0.899
| style="text-align: right;" | 446,828,803
| style="text-align:center;" {{n/a}}
| style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;"| {{Y}}
| style="text-align:center;" {{n/a}}
| style="text-align:center;"| Advanced / Emerging and Developing<ref>23 out of 27 EU countries are classified as advanced. 4 out of 27 EU countries are classified by the IMF as Emerging and Developing Europe</ref>
|}

==Criticisms and controversies==
{{criticism section|date=October 2022}}

===2015 protests===
About 7,500 protesters led by the group 'Stop-G7' demonstrated during the summit. About 300 of those reached the 3&nbsp;m high and 7&nbsp;km long security fence surrounding the summit location. The protesters questioned the legitimacy of the G7 to make decisions that could affect the whole world. Authorities had banned demonstrations in the area closest to the summit location and 20,000 police were on duty in Southern Bavaria to keep activists and protesters from interfering with the summit.<ref name=Spiegel07June>{{cite news|title=Der Spiegel: Proteste um Schloss Elmau – Demonstranten wandern bis zum G7-Zaun.|url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/g7-gipfel-protestzug-erreicht-zaun-um-schloss-elmau-a-1037560.html|access-date=11 June 2015|newspaper=Der Spiegel|date=7 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=Bild03June>{{cite news|title=Bild: 7 Kilometer lang, 3 Meter hoch, auf ganzer Länge beleuchtet.|url=http://www.bild.de/regional/muenchen/g7-gipfel/mit-hohem-sicherheitsaufgebot-41201204.bild.html|access-date=11 June 2015|newspaper=Bild|date=3 June 2015}}</ref>

===2018 Trump conflict over tariffs and Russia===
The 2018 meeting in Charlevoix, Canada, was marred by fractious negotiations concerning tariffs and Donald Trump's position that Russia should be reinstated to the G7. The Trump administration had just imposed steel and aluminium tariffs on many countries, including European countries that are fellow members of the G7, and Canada, the host country for the 2018 meeting. Trump expressed dismay at Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for holding a press conference in which Canada restated its position on tariffs (a public criticism of Trump's economic policy), and directed his representatives at the meeting not to sign the economic section of the joint communiqué that is typically issued at the conclusion of the meeting.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel described Trump's behaviour as a "depressing withdrawal", while French President Emmanuel Macron invited him "to be serious".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tg24.sky.it/mondo/2018/06/10/g7-canada-trump.html|title=G7, Trump non-accetta il documento finale. Merkel: "Ritiro deprimente" – Sky TG24|language=it}}</ref> In the final statement signed by all members except the US, the G7 announced its intention to recall sanctions and to be ready to take further restrictive measures within the next months against the Russian Federation for its failure to completely implement the Minsk Agreement.<ref name="auto" />

Trump repeated calls for Russia to be re-admitted to the group at the 2019 meeting in Biarritz, saying it should be included in discussions relating to Iran, Syria, and North Korea. The Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte supported Trump's proposal, Shinzo Abe of Japan was neutral, and the rest of the G7 pushed back against the suggestion, after which the atmosphere allegedly became "tense". {{citation needed|date=August 2021}}

=== 2019 Amazon rainforest fires and Brazil ===
U.S. President Donald Trump's reiteration that Russia should be readmitted to the group (see above), the instigation of a [[Social:Trade war|trade war]] with China, increased tensions in Iran, Trump's alleged reluctance to attend the conference, and a number of international crises made the 2019 G7 meeting in Biarritz, France, the most divided since its inception. Following President Trump's previous revocation of his signature to a joint communiqué agreed to in 2018 due to an alleged slight from Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau (see above), French President Emmanuel Macron agreed that the group would not issue a joint communiqué at the Biarritz conference.

The G7 nations pledged US$20 million to help Brazil and other countries in South America fight the wildfires. This money was welcomed, although it was widely seen as a "relatively small amount" given the scale of the problem. Macron threatened to block a major trade deal between the European Union and Brazil ([[Finance:Mercosur|Mercosur]]) that would benefit the agricultural interests accused of driving deforestation. Soon after, Germany and the United Kingdom criticized the threat.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-g7-summit-mercosur-idUSKCN1VE0ON/| title=Britain joins Germany in criticizing Macron's Mercosur threat| publisher=Thomson Reuters| date=25 August 2019| access-date=30 December 2023}}</ref>

==See also==
{{col div|colwidth=15em}}
* Build Back Better World
* [[Philosophy:Capitalism|Capitalism]]
* D-10 Strategy Forum
* [[Finance:Developed country|Developed country]]
* G4 (EU)
* G6 (EU)
* [[Organization:G8|G8]]
* [[Organization:G8+5|G8+5]]
* [[Finance:G10 currencies|G10 currencies]]
* [[Organization:G20|G20]]
* [[Social:Great power|Great power]]
* [[Organization:Group of Twelve|Group of Twelve]] (G12)
* Junior 8
* [[Finance:List of country groupings|List of country groupings]]
* List of G7 leaders
* [[Finance:List of multilateral free trade agreements|List of multilateral free trade agreements]]
* [[Organization:OECD|OECD]]
* Quint
{{col div end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.g7hiroshima.go.jp/en/ 2023 G7 presidency Japan]
* [https://www.g7germany.de/ 2022 G7 presidency Germany]
* [https://www.g7uk.org/ 2021 G7 presidency UK]
* [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca G7/8 Information Centre – University of Toronto]
* [https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/farming/international-cooperation/international-organisations/g7_en/ The EU engages in actions and discussions with other members of the G7 on topics relating to agriculture]

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{{Western culture}}
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[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations]]
[[Category:International economic organizations]]
[[Category:Economic country classifications]]

{{Sourceattribution|G7}}