View source for Organization:G8+5

{| class="infobox" border="1" cellpadding="4" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: 20em; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 90%; clear: right"
|-
! align=center |Group of Eight + Five
|-
|[[File:G8+5countries.svg|center|220px|Map of G8 countries]]
<hr />
'''{{flag|Canada}}'''
: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau

'''{{flag|France}}'''
: President Emmanuel Macron

'''{{flag|Germany}}'''
: Chancellor [[Biography:Angela Merkel|Angela Merkel]]

'''{{flag|Italy}}'''
: Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte

'''{{flag|Japan}}'''
: Prime Minister Shinzo Abe

'''{{flag|Russia}}''' {{small|(Suspended)}}
: President Vladimir Putin

'''{{flag|United Kingdom}}'''
: Prime Minister Boris Johnson

'''{{flag|United States}}'''
: President Donald Trump

'''{{flag|European Union}}'''
: ''Council President Charles Michel''
: {{nowrap|''Commission President Ursula von der Leyen''}}
<HR>

'''{{flag|Brazil}}''' 
: President [[Biography:Jair Bolsonaro|Jair Bolsonaro]]

'''{{flag|China}}'''
: President [[Biography:Xi Jinping|Xi Jinping]] <ref group="note" name="CHNheadofgov">The ''de jure'' [[Social:Head of government|head of government]] of China is the Premier, whose current holder is Li Keqiang. The President of China is legally a [[Social:Figurehead|ceremonial office]], but the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (''de facto'' leader) has always held this office since 1993 except for the months of transition, and the current [[Social:Paramount leader|paramount leader]] is [[Biography:Xi Jinping|Xi Jinping]].</ref>

'''{{flag|India}}'''

: Prime Minister Narendra Modi

'''{{flag|Mexico}}'''
: President Andrés Manuel López Obrador

'''{{flag|South Africa}}'''
: President Cyril Ramaphosa
|}

The '''Group of Eight + Five''' ('''G8+5''') was an international group that consisted of the leaders of the [[Social:Head of government|heads of government]] from the [[Organization:G8|G8]] nations ({{wipe|Canada}}, {{wipe|France}}, {{wipe|Germany}}, Italy, {{wipe|Japan}}, the {{wipe|United Kingdom}}, the {{wipe|United States}}, and {{wipe|Russia}}), plus the heads of government of the five leading emerging economies ({{wipe|Brazil}}, China, {{wipe|India}}, Mexico, and {{wipe|South Africa}}). In March 2014, Russia was cast out of the Group of 8 due to its involvement in the 2014 Crimea crisis in Ukraine,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/25/world/europe/obama-russia-crimea.html|title=Russia Is Ousted From Group of 8 by U.S. and Allies|last=Smale|first=Alison|date=2014-03-24|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-10-15|last2=Shear|first2=Michael D.|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> so the G8+5 in its original form is unlikely to reconvene with Russia present.

==February 2007 declaration==

On February 16, 2007, The Global Legislators Organisation (GLOBE International) held a meeting of the '''G8+5 Climate Change Dialogue''' at the GLOBE Washington Legislators Forum in [[Place:Washington, D.C.|Washington, D.C.]], where a non-binding agreement was reached to cooperate on tackling [[Earth:Global warming|global warming]]. The group accepted that the existence of man-made [[Earth:Climate change|climate change]] was beyond doubt, and that there should be a global system of emission caps and carbon emissions trading applying to both industrialized nations and [[Finance:Developing country|developing countries]]. The group hoped this policy to be in place by 2009, to supersede the [[Chemistry:Kyoto Protocol|Kyoto Protocol]], the first phase of which expires in 2012.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6364663.stm BBC: Politicians sign new climate pact, February 16, 2007]</ref><ref>[http://environment.guardian.co.uk/climatechange/story/0,,2014683,00.html Guardian Unlimited: Global leaders reach climate change agreement]</ref>

==Foundation==
The G8+5 group was formed in 2005 when Tony Blair, then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, in his role as host of the 31st G8 summit at Gleneagles, Scotland, invited the leading emerging countries to join the talks. The hope was that this would form a stronger and more representative group that would inject fresh impetus into the trade talks at [[Place:Doha|Doha]], and the need to achieve a deeper cooperation on climate change.

Following the meeting, the countries issued a joint statement looking to build a "new paradigm for international cooperation" in the future.

The G8+5 Climate Change Dialogue was launched on February 24, 2006, by the (GLOBE)<ref>[http://www.globeinternational.org/index.php GLOBE international] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312185053/http://www.globeinternational.org/index.php |date=2007-03-12 }}</ref> in partnership with the ''Com+'' alliance of communicators for sustainable development.<ref>[http://www.complusalliance.org Com+ alliance]</ref>

==Institutionalization==

Following the 33rd G8 summit Heiligendamm 2007, German chancellor [[Biography:Angela Merkel|Angela Merkel]] announced the establishment of the "Heiligendamm Process" through which the full institutionalization of the permanent dialogue between the G8 countries and the five greatest emerging economies will be implemented. This will include the establishment of a common G8 and G5 platform at the [[Organization:OECD|OECD]].
(see: "Die G8 – Akteure in einer globalen Entwicklungspartnerschaft; https://web.archive.org/web/20080217222220/http://www.bmz.de/de/service/infothek/fach/spezial/index.html)

Most recently on August 28, 2007, former French president Nicolas Sarkozy in a foreign policy statement proposed that {{wipe|Brazil}}, {{wipe|China}}, {{wipe|India}}, Mexico and {{wipe|South Africa}} should become members of G8: "The G8 can't meet for two days and the G13 for just two hours.... That doesn't seem fitting, given the power of these five emerging countries." Nevertheless, as of 2008, a formal enlargement of the G8 is not a realistic political option, since the G8 member states have diverging positions on this issue. The {{wipe|United States}} and {{wipe|Japan}} have been against enlargement, the {{wipe|United Kingdom}} and {{wipe|France}} actively in favour, and Italy, {{wipe|Germany}}, {{wipe|Russia}} and {{wipe|Canada}} are reserved on the issue.{{Citation needed|date=April 2008}}.

==Current leaders==
(The following list is in alphabetical order by nation)
{{-}}
<gallery class="center" widths="145">
File:Pronunciamento do Presidente da República, Jair Bolsonaro (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|BRA}} '''{{wipe|Brazil}}'''<br />[[Biography:Jair Bolsonaro|Jair Bolsonaro]], President
File:Trudeau visit White House for USMCA (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|CAN}} '''{{wipe|Canada}}'''<br />Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister
File:Xi Jinping 2016.jpg|{{flagicon|PRC}} '''{{wipe|China}}'''<br />[[Biography:Xi Jinping|Xi Jinping]], President
File:Emmanuel Macron in 2019.jpg|{{flagicon|France}} '''{{wipe|France}}'''<br />Emmanuel Macron,<br />President
File:Angela Merkel. Tallinn Digital Summit.jpg|{{flagicon|GER}} '''{{wipe|Germany}}'''<br />[[Biography:Angela Merkel|Angela Merkel]], Chancellor
File:PM Modi Portrait(cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|IND}} '''{{wipe|India}}'''<br />Narendra Modi, Prime Minister
File:Shinzō Abe and Giuseppe Conte (portrait).jpg|{{flagicon|Italy}} '''Italy'''<br />Giuseppe Conte,<br />Prime Minister 
File:Shinzō Abe Official (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|JPN}} '''{{wipe|Japan}}'''<br />Shinzo Abe, Prime Minister
File:Reunión con el Presidente Electo, Andrés Manuel López Obrador 8 (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|MEX}} '''Mexico'''<br />Andrés Manuel López Obrador, President
File:President Vladimir Putin.jpg|{{flagicon|Russia}} '''{{wipe|Russia}}'''<br />Vladimir Putin, President
File:2019 Reunião Informal do BRICS - 48142657142 (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''{{wipe|South Africa}}'''<br />Cyril Ramaphosa, President
File:Boris Johnson official portrait (cropped).jpg|'''{{GBR}}'''<br />Boris Johnson, Prime Minister
File:Donald Trump official portrait (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|USA}} '''{{wipe|United States}}'''<br />Donald Trump, President
File:Charles_Michel_(2018-01-31)_(cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|EU}} '''[[Social:European Union|European Union]]'''<br />Charles Michel, President of the European Council
File:(Ursula_von_der_Leyen)_2019.07.16._Ursula_von_der_Leyen_presents_her_vision_to_MEPs_2_(cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|EU}}  '''[[Social:European Union|European Union]]'''<br />Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission
</gallery>

==See also==
*Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change
*Gleneagles Dialogue
*[[Finance:List of country groupings|List of country groupings]]
*[[Finance:List of multilateral free-trade agreements|List of multilateral free-trade agreements]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:International environmental organizations]]
[[Category:Climate change organizations]]

{{Sourceattribution|G8+5|1}}