View source for Organization:Institute of Solid State Physics (Russia)

{{short description|Research institute in Russia}}
{{Infobox institute
|name        = Institute of Solid State Physics
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|established = February 15, 1963
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|city        = Chernogolovka
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|country     = Russia
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|address     = Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432 
|website     = {{URL|www.issp.ac.ru/engl/}}
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The '''Institute of Solid State Physics''' ('''ISSP'''; {{lang-ru|Институт физики твердого тела}}) of the Russian Academy of Sciences is a research institution, located in the small town of Chernogolovka near [[Place:Moscow|Moscow]] in {{wipe|Russia}}. Founded on February 15, 1963, the institute has grown to become one of the largest [[Physics:Physics|physics]] institutes in the country. Its main fields of research are [[Physics:Condensed matter physics|condensed matter physics]] and [[Physics:Materials science|materials science]].

==About the institute==
The Institute of Solid State Physics was established on February 15, 1963 by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (now the Russian Academy of Sciences). The main organizers of the institute were [[Biography:Georgii Kurdyumov|Georgii Kurdyumov]], [[Biography:Yuri Osipyan|Yuri Osipyan]], and Cheslav Kopetsky.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Khalatnikov|first1=Isaak M.|title=From the Atomic Bomb to the Landau Institute: Autobiography. Top Non-Secret|date=May 31, 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=3642275613|page=9}}</ref><ref name="AboutISSP">{{cite web|title=About the Institute of Solid State Physics|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/about/2-issp|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=30 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160526110218/http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/about/2-issp|archive-date=26 May 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Osipyan was the director of the institute from 1963 to 2001.<ref name="Ossipyan">{{cite web|title=Yuri A.Ossipyan (1931-2008)|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/rasmembers/33-ossipyan|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref> During his tenure as the director, he contacted students from universities such as Lomonosov Moscow State University and brought them to the institute for practical training and education.<ref>{{cite web|title=Profile: Dr. Yuri A. Osipyan|url=http://www.crdfglobal.org/about-us/annual-awards-gala/profile/2011/07/22/dr-yuri-a-osipyan|publisher=CRDF Global|accessdate=26 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030051611/http://www.crdfglobal.org/about-us/annual-awards-gala/profile/2011/07/22/dr-yuri-a-osipyan|archive-date=30 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was principal research adviser of the institute from 2002 to 2008.<ref name="Ossipyan"/>

The institute has 22 laboratories, and more than 200 physical scientists and engineers. It carries out research in theoretical and experimental [[Physics:Condensed matter physics|condensed matter physics]] and [[Physics:Physical metallurgy|physical metallurgy]]. The fundamental insights gained in these fields are also applied to develop new technologies. The institute is one of the leaders in areas such as [[Physics:Superconductivity|superconductivity]], physics of fullerenes, physics of defects, [[Physics:Crystal growth|crystal growth]], [[Physics:Amorphous|amorphous]] and nanocrystalline materials, and other areas of condensed matter physics.<ref name="AboutISSP"/>

The institute is also an educational center; it provides education and training to undergraduate as well as [[Social:Doctorate|doctorate]] students in physical sciences.<ref name="AboutISSP"/> Students from [[Organization:Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology|Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology]], Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys, and Faculty of Physics and Division of Physical Chemistry of Lomonosov Moscow State University are allowed to study and train at the institute.<ref>{{cite web|title=Education|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/education|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref> The Department of General and Applied Physics of MIPT collaborates with the institute.<ref>{{cite web|title=Partnership Sections|url=http://mipt.ru/en/education/partnership-sections/|publisher=Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology|accessdate=26 July 2015}}</ref>

The institute also organizes conferences and seminars on various areas of condensed matter physics.

[[Biography:Andre Geim|Andre Geim]] obtained his PhD from the institute in 1987, he would go on to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene".<ref>{{cite web|title=The 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics - Press Release|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2010/press.html|publisher=Nobel Foundation|accessdate=5 July 2015}}</ref>

==Laboratories==
The institute has 22 laboratories:<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratories|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=1 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Spectroscopy of Defect Structures'' was one of the first laboratories established within ISSP.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Laboratory of Spectroscopy of Defect Structures|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lsds/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=1 July 2015}}</ref> It carries out research in fields such as [[Physics:Superconductivity|superconductivity]], the electronic properties of extended defects in semiconductors, etc.
*''Laboratory of Nonequilbrium Electron Processes'' was established in 1976<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Non-equilibrium Electronic Processes|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lnep/llnephome.html|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=1 July 2015}}</ref> and carries out research in fields such as [[Physics:Bose–Einstein condensate|Bose–Einstein condensate]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Nonequilbrium Electron Processes (LNEP)|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories/8-lnep|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=1 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Electronic Kinetics'' was established in 1974 by Vsevolod Gantmakher. It carries out research in the fields such as [[Physics:Electron scattering|electron scattering]] and [[Physics:Superconductivity|superconductivity]] that occurs in disordered materials.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Electron Kinetics|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lek/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=1 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Quantum Transport'' was established in 1988 and carries out research in transport properties of low-dimensional semiconductors at ultra-low temperatures and in quantizing magnetic fields.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Quantum Transport ISSP RAS|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lqt/index_en.php|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=1 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Quantum Crystals'' carries out research in fields of [[Physics:Quantum fluid|quantum fluid]], [[Physics:Quantum solid|quantum solid]] and transport properties in condensed matter systems.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Quantum Crystals|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lqc/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Superconductivity'' carries out research in various fields of superconductivity.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Superconductivity (LSC)|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories/14-lsc|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Theoretical Department'' carries out research in fields such as [[Spintronics|spintronics]], [[Physics:Nanostructures|nanostructures]] and [[Quantum cryptography|quantum cryptography]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Theoretical Department (TD)|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories/20-td|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Structural Research'' carries out research in fields such as structure and phase transitions in [[Chemistry:Amorphous metal|amorphous metal]]s, [[Physics:Nanocrystalline material|nanocrystalline material]]s, scintillators, [[Chemistry:Fullerene|fullerene]]s, and other materials.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Laboratory of Structural Research|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lsr/indexen.html|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Real Structure of Crystals'' carries out research concerning the arise of [[Topological defect#Stable defects|stable defects]] and how they move in crystals in highly excited states.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Real Structure of Crystals|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lrsc/indexen.html|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Spectroscopy of Semiconductor Surfaces'' was founded in 1980 by Vitas A. Grazhulis.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Spectroscopy of Semiconductor Surfaces|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lsss/eindex.html|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref> It carries out research in atomic and electronic structure of metal compounds (such as [[Chemistry:Manganite|manganite]]s), transport properties of semiconductors, and so forth.<ref>{{cite web|title=Studies|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lsss/eresear.html|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of High Pressure Physics'' carries out investigations in phase transition in solids; it also carries out studies in crystalline, nanocrystalline, amorphous metals and carbon nanostructures.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of High Pressure Physics|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lhpp/indexen.html|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Optical Strength and Diagnostics of Crystals'' was organized in 1987. During the initial period, it investigated the interactions of intense laser radiation with solids and technological development of optical devices, which had the ability to withstand radiation fluxes with an average power of tens of [[Kilowatt|kilowatt]]s (kW).<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Optical Strength and Diagnostics of Crystals|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lordc/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015|language=Russian}}</ref> The laboratory carries out research concerning, among others, the optical diagnostics of crystals.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Optical Strength and Diagnostics of Crystals (LOSDS)|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories/9-losds|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=5 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Materials Science'' carries out research in various aspects of material sciences and metallurgy.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Materials Science|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lmf/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Reinforced Systems'' carries out investigations in fiber composites with [[Chemistry:Ceramic matrix composite|ceramic matrix composite]]s (CMC) and metal matrix composites (MMC), and formation of nano-structure in amorphous alloys of iron and cobalt.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Reinforced Systems|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lrfs/index_en.htm|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Internal Boundaries in Metals'' was founded in 1983. It carries out research in kinetics and thermodynamics of individual grain and interphase boundaries, grain boundary phase transitions, grain growth, grain boundary diffusion, and migration of grain boundary diffusion.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Interfaces in Metals|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/libm/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015|language=Russian}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Crystallization from High-Temperature Solutions'' carries out investigations in fields such as phase equilibrium in oxide systems and single [[Physics:Crystal growth|crystal growth]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Crystallization from High-Temperature Solutions|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lchts/LCHTS_en.htm|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Profiled Crystals Laboratory'' was founded in 2007. It investigates growing volume and profiled crystals melt, and develops technologies for growing shaped sapphire crystals, and new materials and coatings based on [[Chemistry:Silicon carbide|silicon carbide]] (SiC).<ref>{{cite web|title=Profiled Crystals Laboratory|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lsc/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015|language=Russian}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Controlled Crystal Growth'' carries out investigates various aspects of [[Physics:Crystal growth|crystal growth]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Controlled Crystal Growth (LCCG)|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories/21-lccg|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Physical-Chemical Basis of Crystallization'' carries out investigation in the melt growth of single crystals of inorganic compounds and the [[Physics:Chemical physics|chemical physics]] behind the compounds.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Physical-Chemical Basis of Crystallization|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lpcbc/general.html|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Laboratory of Materials for Electrochemical Technologies'' was established in July 2013. It carries out research in the development of new materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), [[Engineering:Ceramic membrane|ceramic membrane]]s and similar devices.<ref>{{cite web|title=Laboratory of Materials for Electrochemical Technologies|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/lmet/|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Nanolithography Sector'' investigation include among others the formation of new techniques of optical and electron nanolithography.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nanolithography Sector (NS)|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories/15-ns|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>
*''Department of Special Materials Processing'' carries out research in the production of graphite, crystal, quartz and glass articles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Department of Special Materials Processing|url=http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/laboratories/10-smp|publisher=Institute of Solid State Physics|accessdate=3 July 2015}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.issp.ac.ru/engl/ Official Website of Institute of Solid State Physics] {{in lang|en}}

{{coord missing|Moscow Oblast}}


[[Category:Physics institutes]]

{{Sourceattribution|Institute of Solid State Physics (Russia)|1}}