View source for Organization:Sistema de Radiodifusoras Culturales Indígenas

{{short description|System of indigenous radio stations in Mexico}}
The '''Sistema de Radiodifusoras Culturales Indígenas''' ('''SRCI'''; {{lang-en|Indigenous Cultural Broadcasting System}}) is a state-owned network of radio stations in Mexico. The radio stations it operates are community radio stations that aim to serve different sectors of the country's indigenous peoples. Pursuant to Article 4 of the Constitution, their mission is to strengthen the multicultural nature of the nation by promoting the use of 31 indigenous languages.

As the stations are owned by the federal government, they hold public concessions.

== History ==
The SRCI began operations in 1979 with the launch of XEZV-AM, "La Voz de la Montaña", in Tlapa de Comonfort, Guerrero. The network was initially managed by the National Indigenist Institute (INI), an agency of the federal government In 2003, the INI was dissolved and replaced by the National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples (CDI), which consequently assumed control over the network. The CDI was in turn replaced by the National Institute of Indigenous Peoples (INPI) in late 2018.

Until 2019, the station was known as the ''Sistema de Radiodifusoras Culturales Indigenistas'' (Indigenist Cultural Broadcasting System).

== Stations ==
{{Location map+
|Mexico
|border     = color of the border or none
|caption    = Locator map of SRCI stations
|float      = center 
|width      = 750
|places     = 
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|22|57|N|104|37|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XETPH}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|16|18|N|91|58|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEVFS}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|17|32|N|98|34|W}}|position=left|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEZV}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|17|16|N|97|41|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XETLA/XHPBSD}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|19|41|N|101|57|W}}|position=left|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEPUR}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|26|49|N|107|05|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XETAR}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|20|07|N|88|55|W}}|position=left|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XHPET/XEPET}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|21|36|N|98|58|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEANT}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|17|18|N|96|28|W}}|position=right|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEGLO/XHGJO}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|18|40|N|96|58|W}}|position=left|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEZON}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|18|04|N|96|23|W}}|position=left|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEOJN}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|22|16|N|104|28|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEJMN}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|16|17|N|97|49|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEJAM}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|30|24|N|115|55|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEQIN/XHSQB}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|20|02|N|97|31|W}}|position=right|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XECTZ}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|18|30|N|89|24|W}}|position=left|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEXPUJ}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|26|52|N|109|39|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XEETCH}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|coordinates={{coord|17|04|N|93|12|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XECOPA}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|19|34|N|100|28|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XHTUMI/XETUX}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|20|03|N|99|13|W}}|position=left|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XHCARH/XECARH}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|19|34|N|88|02|W}}|position=bottom|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XHNKA/XEFEL}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|18|07|N|93|01|W}}|position=top|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XHCPBS}}
{{Location map~|Mexico|mark=Blue pog.svg|coordinates={{coord|27|36|12|N|110|17|22|W}}|position=top|label_size =50|background=#FFFFFF|label=XHCPCT}}
}}

The SRCI operates 22 primary radio stations, most of which transmit on [[Engineering:AM broadcasting|AM]] and eight of which are high-power [[Engineering:FM broadcasting|FM]] stations. It also previously operated four 10-watt FM stations in Yucatán.

The 22 main stations transmit for an average of 12 hours a day, during daylight hours, covering 928 municipalities with high levels of indigenous inhabitants. The stations' potential audience comprises 5 million speakers of indigenous languages and more than 22 million Spanish speakers. They all broadcast an array of programming in both [[Social:Spanish language|Spanish]] and the particular native languages spoken in the coverage area.

Four stations are AM-FM migrants: XHCARH, XHPET, XHTUMI, XHNKA. XHCARH and XHPET are required to maintain their AM frequencies because they are the only radio service for certain communities in its AM coverage area. The second and third stations reacquired their AM frequencies under new callsigns.

In 2016 and 2017, the CDI applied for and received FM radio stations that provide simulcast service for XETLA (XHPBSD-FM 95.9), XEGLO (XHGJO-FM 88.3), and XEQIN (XHSQB-FM 95.1).

On February 28, 2020, the INPI relaunched La Voz de los Chontales, which had been shuttered as XENAC in 1989 for political reasons, as XHCPBS-FM.
{| border="0" class="wikitable sortable" 
|- 
! Call sign !! Launched !! Transmitting from !! Coverage !! Languages !! Frequency
|- 
|XEZV || 10 May 1979
|| Guerrero<br>(Tlapa de Comonfort)
|| Guerrero<br> Oaxaca<br>Puebla 
|| [[Social:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]<br>[[Social:Mixtec language|Mixtec]]<br>Tlapanec
|| 800 AM
|-
|XETLA<br>XHPBSD || 15 September 1982 
||  Oaxaca<br> (Tlaxiaco)
|| Oaxaca<br>Guerrero<br>Puebla 
|| [[Social:Mixtec language|Mixtec]]<br>Triqui 
|| 930 AM<br>95.9 FM
|-
|XEPUR || 2 October 1982 
|| Michoacán<br> (Cherán)
|| Michoacán 
|| Purepecha 
|| 830 AM
|-
|XETAR || 11 November 1982 
||  Chihuahua<br> (Guachochi)
|| Chihuahua<br>Sinaloa<br>Durango 
|| [[Social:Tarahumara language|Tarahumara]]<br>Tepehuano 
|| 870 AM
|-
|XHPET<br>XEPET || 29 November 1982 
|| Yucatán<br> (Peto)
|| Yucatán<br>Quintana Roo<br>Campeche 
|| Yucatec Maya 
|| 105.5 FM<br>730 AM
|-
|XEVFS || 27 April 1987 
|| Chiapas <br>(Las Margaritas)
|| Chiapas<br>Guatemala 
|| [[Social:Tojolabʼal language|Tojolabal]]<br>[[Social:Mam language|Mam]]<br>[[Social:Tzeltal language|Tseltal]]<br>[[Social:Tzotzil language|Tsotsil]]<br>Popti 
|| 1030 AM
|-
|XEANT || 28 September 1990 
|| San Luis Potosí<br> (Tancanhuitz de Santos)
|| San Luis Potosí<br>Hidalgo <br>Querétaro<br>Veracruz 
|| [[Social:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]<br>Pame<br>Wastek
|| 770 AM
|-
|XEGLO<br>XHGJO || 18 November 1990 
|| Oaxaca<br> (Guelatao de Juárez)
|| Oaxaca<br>Veracruz 
|| Zapotec<br>Mixe<br>Chinantec 
|| 780 AM<br>88.3 FM
|-
|XEZON || 20 November 1991 
|| Veracruz<br> (Zongolica)
|| Veracruz<br>Oaxaca<br>Puebla<br>Tlaxcala 
|| [[Social:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]
|| 1360 AM
|-
|XEOJN || 14 December 1991 
|| Oaxaca<br> (San Lucas Ojitlán)
|| Oaxaca<br>Puebla<br>Veracruz 
|| Mazatec<br>Cuicatec<br> Chinantec 
|| 950 AM
|-
|XEJMN || 3 April 1992 
|| Nayarit <br>(Jesús María)
|| Nayarit<br> [[Place:Jalisco|Jalisco]]<br> Durango<br> [[Place:Zacatecas|Zacatecas]] 
|| [[Social:Cora language|Cora]]<br> [[Social:Huichol language|Huichol]]<br> Tepehuano<br> [[Social:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]] 
|| 750 AM
|-
|XEJAM || 5 May 1994 
|| Oaxaca<br> (Santiago Jamiltepec)
|| Oaxaca<br> Guerrero  
|| [[Social:Mixtec language|Mixtec]]<br> Amuzgo<br> [[Social:Chatino language|Chatino]]
|| 1260 AM
|-
|XEQIN<br>XHSQB || 15 June 1994 
|| Baja California<br> (San Quintín)
|| Baja California 
|| [[Social:Mixtec language|Mixtec]]<br> Zapotec<br> Triqui 
|| 1160 AM<br>95.1 FM
|-
|XECTZ || 21 August 1994 
|| Puebla<br> (Cuetzalan)
|| Puebla<br> Hidalgo<br> Veracruz 
|| [[Social:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]<br>  Totonac 
|| 1260 AM
|-
|XEXPUJ || 22 January 1996 
|| Campeche<br>(Xpujil)
|| Campeche<br> Quintana Roo 
|| Yucatec Maya<br>  Ch'ol 
|| 700 AM
|-
|XEETCH || 19 February 1996 
|| [[Place:Sonora|Sonora]]<br> (Etchojoa)
|| [[Place:Sonora|Sonora]]<br> Sinaloa<br> Chihuahua 
|| [[Social:Mayo language|Mayo]]<br> [[Biography:Yaqui language|Yaqui]]<br> [[Social:Huarijio language|Guarijio]] 
|| 700 AM
|-
|XECOPA || 17 July 1997 
|| Chiapas<br>(Copainalá)
|| Chiapas<br> Tabasco 
|| Zoque<br> [[Social:Tzotzil language|Tzotzil]] 
|| 1210 AM
|-
|XHTUMI<br>XETUX || 12 May 1998 
|| Michoacán <br>(Tuxpan)
|| Michoacán<br> Edo. de México<br> Querétaro 
|| Mazahua<br> [[Social:Otomi language|Otomi]]
|| 107.9 FM<br>1010 AM
|-
|XHCARH<br>XECARH || 1 August 1998 
|| Hidalgo<br> (Cardonal)
|| Hidalgo<br> Querétaro<br> Veracruz<br> San Luis Potosí 
|| [[Social:Otomi language|Ñha-ñhu]]<br> [[Social:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]] 
|| 89.1 FM<br>1480 AM
|-
|XHNKA<br>XEFEL || 15 June 1999 
||  Quintana Roo<br> (Felipe Carrillo Puerto)
|| Quintana Roo 
|| Yucatec Maya
|| 104.5 FM<br>1030 AM
|-
|XETPH || 8 November 2012
||  Durango<br> (Santa María de Ocotán)
|| Durango, Nayarit
|| O'dam, Wixarika
|| 960 AM
|-
|XHCPBS || 28 February 2020
|| Tabasco<br> (Nacajuca)
|| Tabasco
|| Yokot'an, Ch'ol, Ayapa Zoque
|| 98.7 FM
|-
|XHCPCT || 28 September 2021
|| [[Place:Sonora|Sonora]]<br> (Vícam)
|| Sonora
|| Yaqui
|| 89.3 FM
|}

===Defunct stations===

Between 1982 and 1989, the SRCI system included a station at Nacajuca, Tabasco, XENAC-AM 1440. That station was shut down in 1989; the station was revived more than 30 years later as XHCPBS-FM.

The CDI also formerly held a trio of permits for low-power FM stations at three communities in Michoacán;<ref>
[http://www.cdi.gob.mx/index.php?id_seccion=1082 Proyectos experimentales: Radiodifusoras de baja potencia en albergues escolares indígenas] (SRCI)</ref> these were not renewed.

==Programming==
The stations' programming is eminently community-focused. Bilingual presenters attend inquiries from listeners, convey community and personal announcements, and promote various government assistance programs in the areas of health, education, human rights, etc. Traditional music is also a key component of the stations' broadcasts, and their recording collections, frequently gathered in the field, constitute an important cultural resource.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.inpi.gob.mx/ecosgobmx/ Sistema de Radiodifusoras Culturales Indígenas]
* [http://www.amarc.org/documents/books/Negotiation_INI_radio_policy.pdf The Negotiation of Indigenist Radio Policy in Mexico] (on [[Organization:World Association of Community Radio Broadcasters|World Association of Community Radio Broadcasters]] website)

[[Category:Community radio organizations]]

{{Sourceattribution|Sistema de Radiodifusoras Culturales Indígenas}}