View source for Organization:World Intellectual Property Organization

{{Short description|Specialised agency of the United Nations}}
{{Use Oxford spelling|date=November 2017}}
{{Infobox organization
| name          = World Intellectual Property Organization
| image         = World Intellectual Property Organization Logo.svg
| image_size    = 200px
| map        = 
| map_size   = 
| map_caption      = 
| type         = United Nations specialised agency
| abbreviation     = WIPO
| leader_title  = Head
| leader_name         = Daren Tang<br />Director General
| status       = Active 
| formation  = {{start date and age|1967|07|14|df=yes}}
| headquarters = [[Place:Geneva|Geneva]], {{wipe|Switzerland}}
| website      = {{URL|http://www.wipo.int/portal/en/index.html|wipo.int}}
| parent_organization       = [[Organization:United Nations Economic and Social Council|United Nations Economic and Social Council]]
| subsidiaries = 
| membership = 193 member states
}}
[[File:United Nations Flags - cropped.jpg|thumb|upright=1.14|The United Nations Office at Geneva (Switzerland) is the second biggest UN centre, after the United Nations Headquarters ({{wipe|New York City}}).]]

The '''World Intellectual Property Organization''' ('''WIPO'''; {{lang-fr|link=no|Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle}} ('''OMPI''')) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the {{wipe|United Nations}} (UN).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Repertory of Practice of United Nations Organs Supplement No. 10 (2000–2009) – Article 17(3) |url=http://legal.un.org/repertory/art17/english/rep_supp10_vol2_art17_3_e_advance.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019223038/http://legal.un.org/repertory/art17/english/rep_supp10_vol2_art17_3_e_advance.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2013 |access-date=18 September 2013 |publisher={{wipe|United Nations}} |quote=The number of specialized agencies thus rose to fifteen.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=What are UN specialized agencies, and how many are there? |url=http://ask.un.org/faq/140935 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311201628/http://ask.un.org/faq/140935 |archive-date=11 March 2018 |access-date=11 March 2018 |publisher=Dag Hammarskjöld Library |quote=There are currently 15 specialized agencies: ...}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|In some sources,<ref>{{Cite web |title=UN Specialized Agencies |url=http://research.un.org/en/docs/unsystem/sa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311201704/http://research.un.org/en/docs/unsystem/sa |archive-date=11 March 2018 |access-date=11 March 2018 |publisher=Dag Hammarskjöld Library |quote=There are 17 Specialized Agencies: ...}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=World Bank Group |url=http://research.un.org/c.php?g=756034&p=5435564#s-lg-box-wrapper-20157664 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312083104/http://research.un.org/c.php?g=756034&p=5435564#s-lg-box-wrapper-20157664 |archive-date=12 March 2018 |access-date=11 March 2018 |publisher=Dag Hammarskjöld Library / UN System Documentation |quote=... IBRD, IFC and IDA are Specialized Agencies of the UN ...}}</ref> the UN indicates that there are 17 specialized agencies, when counting the [[Organization:International Bank for Reconstruction and Development|International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]] (IBRD), the [[Organization:International Finance Corporation|International Finance Corporation]] (IFC), and the [[Organization:International Development Association|International Development Association]] (IDA), all part of the World Bank Group (WBG), as individual specialized agencies.|group=notes}} Pursuant to the 1967 Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization, WIPO was created to promote and protect [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]] (IP) across the world by cooperating with countries as well as international organizations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization signed at Stockholm on 14 July 1967, Preamble, second paragraph |url=http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/convention/trtdocs_wo029.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511143316/http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/convention/trtdocs_wo029.html |archive-date=11 May 2012 |access-date=19 October 2008 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> It began operations on 26 April 1970 when the convention entered into force. The current Director General is Singaporean Daren Tang, former head of the [[Organization:Intellectual Property Office of Singapore|Intellectual Property Office of Singapore]], who began his term on 1 October 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Director General Daren Tang on WIPO Website |language=en |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dg_tang/ |url-status=live |access-date=3 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014235451/https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dg_tang/ |archive-date=14 October 2020}}</ref>

WIPO's activities include hosting forums to discuss and shape international IP rules and policies, providing global services that register and protect IP in different countries, resolving transboundary IP disputes, helping connect IP systems through uniform standards and infrastructure, and serving as a general reference database on all IP matters; this includes providing reports and statistics on the state of IP protection or innovation both globally and in specific countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inside WIPO |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526152153/https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/index.html |archive-date=26 May 2020 |access-date=2020-04-26 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> WIPO also works with governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and individuals to utilize IP for socioeconomic development.

WIPO administers 26 international treaties that concern a wide variety of intellectual property issues, ranging from the protection of audiovisual works to establishing international patent classification.<ref>{{Cite web |last=WIPO |title=Treaties administered by WIPO – Consulted 26 June 2013 |url=http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927165620/http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en |archive-date=27 September 2016 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> It is governed by the General Assembly and the Coordination Committee, which together set policy and serve as the main decision making bodies. The General Assembly also elects WIPO's chief administrator, the Director General, currently Daren Tang of Singapore, who took office on 1 October 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Daren Tang Assumes Functions as WIPO Director General |url=https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2020/article_0024.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008063114/https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2020/article_0024.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=28 April 2021 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> WIPO is administered by a Secretariat that helps carry out its day-to-day activities.

Headquartered in [[Place:Geneva|Geneva]], {{wipe|Switzerland}}, WIPO has "external offices" around the world, including in Algiers (Algeria); Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Beijing (China), Tokyo (Japan); Abuja (Nigeria); Moscow (Russia); and Singapore (Singapore).<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO External Offices |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/offices/index.html |access-date=29 April 2021}}</ref> Unlike most UN organizations, WIPO does not rely heavily on assessed or voluntary contributions from member states; 95 percent of its budget comes from fees related to its global services.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Results, Budget and Performance |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/budget/ |access-date=2021-04-29}}</ref>

WIPO currently has 193 member states,<ref>{{Cite web |last=WIPO |title=List of members states of WIPO |url=http://www.wipo.int/members/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615024441/http://www.wipo.int/members/en/ |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=4 March 2020 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> including 190 UN member states and the Cook Islands, [[Organization:Holy See|Holy See]] and Niue; [[Place:State of Palestine|Palestine]] has permanent observer status.<ref>{{Cite web |last=WIPO |date=25 November 2011 |title=Palestine WIPO status |url=http://www.wipo.int/members/en/organizations.jsp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120611064658/http://www.wipo.int/members/en/organizations.jsp |archive-date=11 June 2012 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> The only non-members, among the countries recognized by the UN are the Federated States of Micronesia, Palau and South Sudan.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}

== History ==
=== Pre BIRPI ===
==== 1883 – Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property ====
The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property was adopted in 1883 and was one of the first [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]] treaties. It established a Union for the protection of industrial property. Additionally, it applies to a wide range of industrial property including [[Social:Patent|patent]]s, [[Social:Trademark|trademark]]s, [[Social:Utility model|utility model]]s, [[Social:Industrial design|industrial design]]s, [[Social:Trade name|trade name]]s, [[Social:Service mark|service mark]]s, [[Social:Geographical indication|geographical indication]]s as well as the "repression of [[Social:Unfair competition|unfair competition]]". The Paris Convention was the first international agreement to protect the works of creators in other countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property |url=https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/index.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

Moving on, the Convention was adopted in diplomatic conferences held in Paris in 1880 and 1883, it was then signed on 20 March 1883, on behalf of Brazil, France, Guatemala, Netherlands, Portugal, Serbia, Spain and Switzerland, Belgium, Italy and El Salvador. It consisted of the Convention proper, which contains 19 articles, and the ''Protocole de clôture'' (Final Protocol), which is almost the same length as the Convention proper.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bogsch |first1=Árpád |last2=Organization |first2=World Intellectual Property |last3=Intellectuelle |first3=Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété |last4=Eigentum |first4=Weltorganisation Für Geistiges |year=1983 |title=The Paris convention for the protection of industrial property from 1883 to 1983. |url=https://tind.wipo.int/record/28775 |series=WIPO publication |language=en |page=23 |doi=10.34667/tind.28775 |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=WIPO Knowledge Repository}}</ref>

The "International Bureau" established by the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property later became part of BIRPI and later WIPO.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Organization |first=World Intellectual Property |url=https://tind.wipo.int/record/28736 |title=The First Hundred Years of the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks. |work=WIPO Knowledge Repository |publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |year=1991 |isbn=9789280503241 |language=en |access-date=2021-09-09}}</ref>

==== 1886 – Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works ====
The Berne Convention was adopted in 1886, it deals with copyright, the protection of works and rights of authors and rights holders. It provides creators including writers, poets, painters, musicians with ways to control how and by who their works are used and the terms of use. It also contains provisions on minimum protections and special provisions for developing countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works |url=https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/index.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> The Convention follows three basic principles; that works originating in one of the Contracting States must be given the same protection in each of the other Contracting States (principle of "national treatment"), that there is automatic protection and no formal process is required and that protection under the convention is independent of protection in the country of origin of the work (principle of "independence" of protection).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Summary of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886) |url=https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/summary_berne.html |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> The "International Bureau" was created to oversee the Berne Convention and later became part of BIRPI and later WIPO.

==== 1891 – Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks ====
In 1891 nine of the 14 States to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property created the first "special arrangements for the protection of industrial property". Along with the Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement (1989) it created the Madrid System, the primary international system for facilitating the registration of [[Social:Trademark|trademark]]s in multiple jurisdictions around the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks |url=https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/madrid/index.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

=== BIRPI ===
The Bureaus created to administer the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property were under "the high supervision" (''haute surveillance'') of the Government of the Swiss Confederation. In 1893 the Swiss government combined them with the same director and same staff as United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property, ''Bureaux internationaux réunis pour la protection de la propriété intellectuelle'' (BIRPI).<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Organization |first1=World Intellectual Property |url=https://tind.wipo.int/record/28758 |title=The first twenty-five years of the World Intellectual Property Organization, from 1967 to 1992. |last2=Intellectuelle |first2=Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété |work=WIPO Knowledge Repository |publisher=International Bureau of Intellectual Property |year=1992 |isbn=9789280504217 |series=WIPO publication |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.28758 |access-date=2021-07-09}}</ref> BIRPI was the predecessor of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) which superseded it 87 years later, in 1970.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Artistiques |first=Union Internationale Pour La Protection Des Oeuvres Littéraires Et |year=1936 |title=Union internationale pour la protection des oeuvres littéraires et artistiques 1886-1936. |url=https://tind.wipo.int/record/30462 |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.30462 |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=WIPO Knowledge Repository}}</ref>

=== Formation of WIPO ===
WIPO was formally created by the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization, which entered into force on 26 April 1970.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Intellectual Property Day – 26 April |url=http://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/ipday/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103054344/http://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/ipday/ |archive-date=3 January 2018 |access-date=20 April 2011 |publisher=WIPO}}</ref> WIPO allowed members who were part of the Berne Convention, Paris Convention or a member of the United Nations system including the United Nations, any of its specialized agencies, the International Atomic Energy Agency or the International Court of Justice.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Organization |first1=World Intellectual Property |url=https://tind.wipo.int/record/28758 |title=The first twenty-five years of the World Intellectual Property Organization, from 1967 to 1992. |last2=Intellectuelle |first2=Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété |work=WIPO Knowledge Repository |publisher=International Bureau of Intellectual Property |year=1992 |isbn=9789280504217 |series=WIPO publication |page=26 |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.28758 |access-date=2021-07-09}}</ref>

That date is commemorated annually as [[Social:World Intellectual Property Day|World Intellectual Property Day]], which raises awareness of the importance of IP. Under Article 3 of this convention, WIPO seeks to "promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world". WIPO became a specialized agency of the UN in 1974. The Agreement between the United Nations and the World Intellectual Property Organization<ref>{{Cite web |last=WIPO |title=Agreement between the United Nations and the World Intellectual Property Organization |url=http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/agreement/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120110165641/http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/agreement/index.html |archive-date=10 January 2012 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> notes in Article 1 that WIPO is responsible:
{{blockquote|for promoting creative intellectual activity and for facilitating the transfer of technology related to industrial property to the developing countries in order to accelerate economic, social and cultural development, subject to the competence and responsibilities of the United Nations and its organs, particularly the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, as well as of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and of other agencies within the United Nations system.}}

The Agreement marked a transition for WIPO from the mandate it inherited in 1967 from BIRPI, to promote the protection of intellectual property, to one that involved the more complex task of promoting technology transfer and economic development.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Shabalala et al. A Citizen's Guide to WIPO |url=http://www.ciel.org/Publications/CitizensGuide_WIPO_Oct07.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927145226/http://www.ciel.org/Publications/CitizensGuide_WIPO_Oct07.pdf |archive-date=27 September 2011 |access-date=26 May 2011 |publisher=Ciel.org |page=12}}</ref>{{request quotation|date=February 2012}}

=== WIPO joining the United Nations ===
[[File:WIPO Main Building (Arpad Bogsch Building).jpg|thumb|WIPO headquarters, Geneva]]
In 1974 WIPO became a specialized agency of the United Nations through a bilateral agreement between WIPO and the UN approved by the General Assembly of WIPO on 27 September 1974, and by the UN General Assembly on 17 December 1974. A protocol was signed by then Secretary-General of the United Nations, Kurt Waldheim and then Director General of WIPO Árpád Bogsch on 21 January 1975. The Agreement became effective on 17 December 1974.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Organization |first1=World Intellectual Property |url=https://tind.wipo.int/record/28758 |title=The first twenty-five years of the World Intellectual Property Organization, from 1967 to 1992. |last2=Intellectuelle |first2=Organisation Mondiale De La Propriété |work=WIPO Knowledge Repository |publisher=International Bureau of Intellectual Property |year=1992 |isbn=9789280504217 |series=WIPO publication |page=29 |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.28758 |access-date=2021-07-09}}</ref>

The relative importance of WIPO in global IP governance decreased after the United States incorporated intellectual property matters into the Uruguay Round of the [[Finance:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade|GATT]] Negotiations in the 1980s.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Cheng |first=Wenting |title=China in Global Governance of Intellectual Property: Implications for Global Distributive Justice |publisher=[[Company:Palgrave Macmillan|Palgrave Macmillan]] |year=2023 |isbn=978-3-031-24369-1 |series=Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies series}}</ref>{{Rp|page=182}}

=== WIPO Development agenda ===
In October 2004, WIPO agreed to adopt a proposal offered by {{wipe|Argentina}} and {{wipe|Brazil}}, the "Proposal for the Establishment of a Development Agenda for WIPO"—from the Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Consumer Project on Technology web site, ''Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization'' |url=http://www.cptech.org/ip/wipo/genevadeclaration.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126095633/http://www.cptech.org/ip/wipo/genevadeclaration.html |archive-date=26 November 2013 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Cptech.org}}</ref> This proposal was well supported by developing countries. The agreed "WIPO Development Agenda"<ref>{{Cite web |last=WIPO |date=6 August 2009 |title=The 45 Adopted Recommendations under the WIPO Development Agenda |url=http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/recommendations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022164338/http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/recommendations.html |archive-date=22 October 2013 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> (composed of over 45 recommendations) was the culmination of a long process of transformation for the organization from one that had historically been primarily aimed at protecting the interests of rightholders, to one that has increasingly incorporated the interests of other stakeholders in the international intellectual property system as well as integrating into the broader corpus of international law on human rights, environment and economic cooperation.

A number of civil society bodies have been working on a draft Access to Knowledge (A2K)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Consumer Project on Technology web site, Access to Knowledge (A2K) |url=http://www.cptech.org/a2k/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808125833/http://www.cptech.org/a2k/ |archive-date=8 August 2017 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Cptech.org}}</ref> treaty which they would like to see introduced.

In 2009, WIPO started drafting future treaties on intellectual property and genetic resources, traditional knowledge and folklore in relation with indigenous peoples and local communities.

In December 2011, WIPO published its first World Intellectual Property Report on the Changing Face of Innovation, the first such report of the new Office of the Chief Economist.<ref>{{Cite web |last=WIPO |date=14 November 2011 |title=World Intellectual Property Report |url=http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/wipr/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013122624/http://www.wipo.int/econ_stat/en/economics/wipr |archive-date=13 October 2013 |access-date=18 October 2013 |publisher=Wipo.int}}</ref> WIPO is also a co-publisher of the Global Innovation Index.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Global Innovation Index 2014 – The Human Factor in Innovation |url=https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/content.aspx?page=GII-Home |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427034050/http://www.globalinnovationindex.org/content.aspx?page=GII-Home |archive-date=27 April 2015 |access-date=26 April 2015 |website=Global Innovation Index}}</ref>

=== Recent events ===
[[File:World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) members world map.svg|thumb|WIPO members {{legend|#ff8040|Members}} {{legend|#cdc3cc|Non-members}}]]

In 2016, WIPO initiated the High-Level Conference on Intellectual Property for [[Organization:Belt and Road Initiative|BRI]] Countries.<ref name=":4" />{{Rp|page=187}} WIPO Director General Francis Gurry encouraged countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative to use WIPO tools like its global IP services and databases and to join WIPO-administered IP treaties.<ref name=":4" />{{Rp|page=187}}

In September 2020 China blocked the [[Organization:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] from observer status at WIPO citing the existence of a Wikimedia affiliate in Taiwan. According to the Chinese statement "there is reason to believe that this foundation has been carrying out political activities through its member organizations which could undermine the state's sovereignty and territorial integrity."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hui |first=Mary |date=25 September 2020 |title=Beijing blocked Wikimedia from a UN agency because of "Taiwan-related issues" |url=https://qz.com/1908836/china-blocks-wikimedia-from-un-agency-wipo-over-taiwan-dispute/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119120833/https://qz.com/1908836/china-blocks-wikimedia-from-un-agency-wipo-over-taiwan-dispute/ |archive-date=19 November 2020 |access-date=25 September 2020 |website=qz.com |publisher=Quartz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chia-nan |first=Lin |title=Wikimedia Taiwan urges China to act responsibly |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2020/09/26/2003744091 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927091559/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2020/09/26/2003744091 |archive-date=27 September 2020 |access-date=25 September 2020 |newspaper=Taipei Times}}</ref> China again rejected Wikimedia's bid, for the same reason, in October 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 October 2021 |title=China again blocks Wikimedia Foundation's accreditation to World Intellectual Property Organization |url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2021/10/05/china-again-blocks-wikimedia-foundations-accreditation-to-world-intellectual-property-organization/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007065943/https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2021/10/05/china-again-blocks-wikimedia-foundations-accreditation-to-world-intellectual-property-organization/ |archive-date=7 October 2021 |access-date=7 October 2021 |website=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref>

WIPO, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the WTO launched on 11 April 2022 their new Trilateral [[Medicine:COVID-19|COVID-19]] Technical Assistance Platform. This new tool aims to help members and WTO accession candidates address their capacity building needs to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Platform provides members and accession candidates with a single contact form which they can use to reach out to the trilateral organizations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WHO, WIPO, WTO launch trilateral COVID-19 technical assistance platform |url=https://www.who.int/news/item/11-04-2022-who-wipo-wto-launch-trilateral-covid-19-technical-assistance-platform |website=www.who.int}}</ref>

== Global services ==

=== Patent Cooperation Treaty ===

The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) (1970) established a service which assists individuals, companies, and institutions in seeking patent protection internationally for their inventions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PCT – The International Patent System |url=https://www.wipo.int/pct/en/index.html |access-date=2021-07-29 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/pct/en/texts/pdf/pct.pdf |title=Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) |publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization |series=19 June 1970, amended on 28 September 1979, modified on 3 February 1984, and on 3 October 2001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206075545/https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/pct/en/texts/pdf/pct.pdf |archive-date=6 December 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> It also helps patent offices with their patent granting decisions and facilitates public access to technical information relating to those inventions. 153 countries are currently party to the PCT.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The PCT now has 153 Contracting States |url=https://www.wipo.int/pct/en/pct_contracting_states.html |access-date=2021-07-29 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

Under the PCT, an applicant can file one PCT application in one language, at one patent office, within 12 months from the date of the earliest patent application which has been filed for the same invention (the "priority date"). This one PCT application has the same legal effect as filing separate regional or national patent applications in all PCT member countries.

PCT applications are processed in a standardized manner as provided in the Treaty and Regulations, including an international search for documents relevant to the potential patentability of the invention and international publication.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/pct/en/texts/pdf/pct_regs.pdf |title=Regulations under the Patent Cooperation Treaty |publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206075633/https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/pct/en/texts/pdf/pct_regs.pdf |archive-date=6 December 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> Granting patents remains under the control of the regional or national patent Offices in the "national phase".

Using the PCT, patent applicants can postpone paying national and regional patent-related fees while they learn about the likelihood of obtaining a patent, benefitting from the additional time and information to help them decide whether, and in which countries, to pursue patents.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PCT – The International Patent System |url=https://www.wipo.int/pct/en/index.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bogsch |first1=Árpád |url=https://tind.wipo.int/record/28756 |title=The First Twenty-Five Years of the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 1970-1995. |last2=Organization |first2=World Intellectual Property |work=WIPO Knowledge Repository |publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization |year=1995 |isbn=9789280506013 |series=WIPO publication |page=16 |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.28756 |access-date=2021-07-09}}</ref>

=== Madrid System ===
The Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks serves as a means to seek protection for [[Social:Trademark|trademark]]s worldwide, in over 120 countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Madrid System |url=https://www.inta.org/topics/madrid-system/ |access-date=2021-09-15 |website=International Trademark Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO {{!}} Madrid – The International Trademark System |url=https://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-15 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> Created in 1891, the Madrid System is now governed by the Madrid Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks (1989). In order to become a member of the Madrid System, a state or intergovernmental organization must already be a party to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (1883).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Summary of the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks (1891) and the Protocol Relating to that Agreement (1989) |url=https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/madrid/summary_madrid_marks.html |access-date=2021-09-15 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UPDATE: International Trademark Law – The Madrid System - GlobaLex |url=https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/International_Trademark_Law1.html |access-date=2021-09-15 |website=www.nyulawglobal.org}}</ref>

The Madrid System is a centralized trademark registration system: through a single application, in one language and with one set of fees (in one currency, the Swiss franc), protection can be obtained in member states and intergovernmental organizations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International trademarks: Is the Madrid System right for you? {{!}} Novagraaf |url=https://www.novagraaf.com/en/insights/international-trademarks-madrid-system-right-you |access-date=2021-09-15 |website=www.novagraaf.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Australia |first=I. P. |date=2016-03-18 |title=Getting an international trade mark |url=https://www.ipaustralia.gov.au/trade-marks/managing-your-trade-mark/international-trade-marks |access-date=2021-09-15 |website=www.ipaustralia.gov.au |language=en}}</ref> International registrations can then be modified, renewed or expanded, centrally through WIPO (rather than through each separate IP Office).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://internationalipcooperation.eu/sites/default/files/arise-docs/2019/ARISEplusIPR_The-Madrid-Protocol_Indonesia_English.pdf |title=The Madrid Protocol |publisher=ARISE+ ASEAN Intellectual Property Rights |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915132640/https://internationalipcooperation.eu/sites/default/files/arise-docs/2019/ARISEplusIPR_The-Madrid-Protocol_Indonesia_English.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The Madrid System can only be used by a [[Social:Natural person|natural person]] or a [[Social:Legal person|legal entity]], which is a national, is domiciled or has a company in the territory of a member of the Madrid System.

=== Lisbon System ===
The Lisbon System for the International Registration of Appellations of Origin and Geographical indications provides a means of obtaining international protection for a [[Social:Geographical indication|geographical indication]] or an appellation of origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Better international protection for Swiss geographical indications |url=https://www.ejpd.admin.ch/ejpd/en/home/latest-news/mm.msg-id-79355.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.ejpd.admin.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lisbon – The International System of Geographical Indications |url=https://www.wipo.int/lisbon/en/index.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Prabhu |first=Conrad |date=2021-04-02 |title=Oman set to reap rewards from accession to Geneva Act of WIPO's Lisbon Agreement |url=https://www.omanobserver.om/article/1254/Business/oman-set-to-reap-rewards-from-accession-to-geneva-act-of-wipos-lisbon-agreement |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=Oman Observer |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-19 |title=Cambodia's Kampot Pepper: First Geographical Indication via Lisbon Agreement's Geneva Act - Khmer Times |url=https://www.khmertimeskh.com/50804821/cambodias-kampot-pepper-first-geographical-indication-via-lisbon-agreements-geneva-act/ |access-date=2021-07-19 |language=en-US}}</ref> Geographical indications and appellations of origin are [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]] rights which identify a product that originates from a specific geographical area and that has characteristics that are attributable to its geographical origin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions: Geographical Indications |url=https://www.wipo.int/geo_indications/en/faq_geographicalindications.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> Comté cheese (France), Chulucanas pottery (Peru), [[Biology:Tequila|Tequila]] (Mexico), Porto (Portugal), Herend porcelain (Hungary), and [[Biology:Kampot pepper|Kampot pepper]] (Cambodia) are examples of appellations of origin and geographical indications registered under the Lisbon System.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is Intellectual Property (IP)? |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/index.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Le Comté, 1er fromage AOP de France |url=https://www.comte.com/ |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=Comté |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Chulucanas: Cerámica de lujo en tierras piuranas |url=https://www.peru.travel/pe/atractivos/chulucanas |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.peru.travel}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome To TRC |url=https://www.crt.org.mx/index.php/en/ |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.crt.org.mx}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=PontoPR |title=Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto, I.P. |url=https://www.ivdp.pt/en |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.ivdp.pt |language=PT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A Herendi porcelánmanufaktúra Zrt. weboldala |url=https://herend.com/ |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=Herend |language=hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kampot Pepper Promotion Association |url=http://www.kampotpepper.biz/ |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.kampotpepper.biz}}</ref> Through a single registration and one set of fees, protection can be obtained in the other countries (and intergovernmental organizations, such as the European Union) covered by the Lisbon System.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fees and Payments – Lisbon System |url=https://www.wipo.int/finance/en/lisbon.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration |url=https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/treaties/en/documents/pdf/lisbon.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013221243/https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/treaties/en/documents/pdf/lisbon.pdf |archive-date=13 October 2007 |website=wipo.int}}</ref>

The Lisbon System includes the Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration of 1958 ('the Lisbon Agreement') and, its latest revision, the Geneva Act of the Lisbon Agreement on Appellations of Origin and Geographical Indications of 2015 ('the Geneva Act') form the Lisbon System.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Lex |url=https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/treaties/textdetails/12586 |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=wipolex.wipo.int}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Summary of the Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration (1958) |url=https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/lisbon/summary_lisbon.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Lex |url=https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/treaties/textdetails/15625 |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=wipolex.wipo.int}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Geneva Act on GIs officially enters into force - Intellectual Property Magazine |url=https://www.intellectualpropertymagazine.com/world/geneva-act-on-gis-officially-enters-into-force--1.htm |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.intellectualpropertymagazine.com}}</ref> Registrations under the Lisbon System are published in the official bulletin and can be searched through the Lisbon Express Database.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lisbon Search |url=https://www.wipo.int/ipdl/en/search/lisbon/search-struct.jsp |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=idapuzone |title=World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |url=https://www.origin-gi.com/activities/policy-and-advocacy/item/5551-world-intellectual-property-organization-wipo.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.origin-gi.com |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bulletin |url=https://www.wipo.int/lisbon/en/bulletin/index.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lisbon – The International System of Geographical Indications |url=https://www.wipo.int/lisbon/en/ |access-date=20 July 2021 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|frameless|50x50px|alt=Creative Commons attribution license]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO) license.</ref>

=== WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center ===
The WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center was established in 1994 as an international resource for alternatives to court litigation of intellectual property and technology disputes. It offers [[Social:Alternative dispute resolution|alternative dispute resolution]] (ADR) options including mediation, arbitration, and expert determination to resolve international commercial disputes between private parties. It is an administrator of cases and a provider of legal and policy expertise. The Center also provides domain name dispute resolution services under the WIPO-designed UDRP.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center |url=https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/center/background.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> It is based in Geneva, Switzerland and since 2010 the Center has had an office at Maxwell Chambers in Singapore.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/activities_by_unit/index.jsp?id=1012 |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Domain Name Dispute Resolution Service |url=https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Alternative Dispute Resolution |url=https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

=== Hague System ===
{{main|Social:WIPO Hague System}}

The WIPO Hague System for the International Registration of Industrial Designs provides an international mechanism for securing protection of up to 100 [[Social:Industrial design|designs]]<ref name="WIPO-Hague">{{Cite web |title=Hague – The International Design System |url=https://www.wipo.int/hague/en/index.html |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hartwig |first=Henning |url=https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781781955871/9781781955871.xml |title=Research Handbook on Design Law |date=2021-05-18 |publisher=Edward Elgar |isbn=978-1-78195-588-8 |language=en}}</ref> in multiple countries or regions, through a single international application, filed in one language and using one currency (Swiss francs).<ref name="WIPO-Hague" />

International design applications are filed directly through WIPO, according to the requirements and procedures established by the Hague Agreement.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Lex |url=https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/treaties/textdetails/1252 |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=wipolex.wipo.int}}</ref> The domestic legal framework of each designated contracting party governs the design protection provided by the resulting international registrations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hague System Member Profiles |url=https://www.wipo.int/hague/memberprofiles/ |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref>

According to the rules laid out by the Hague Agreement, anyone who is a national of, or who has a domicile, habitual residence or real and effective industrial or commercial establishment in any Hague System contracting party<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hague Guide for Users: Entitlement to File an International Application |url=https://www.wipo.int/hague/en/guide/entitlement.html |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> – including any country of the [[Social:European Union|European Union]] or the [[Organization:Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle|African Intellectual Property Organization]] – can use the Hague System. The Hague System does not require the applicant to file a national or regional design application.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Lex |url=https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/treaties/ShowResults?search_what=C&treaty_id=9 |access-date=2021-12-30 |website=wipolex.wipo.int}}</ref>

On February 5, 2020, China officially deposited its accession documents for entering the Hague System for the International Registration of Industrial Designs and the Marrakesh Treaty (which increases the accessibility of publications to people with visual impairment), before the commencement of the Beijing Olympic Winter Games. The accession will take effect on May 5, 2022.

China became the 68th contracting party to the Geneva Act (1999) of the Hague Agreement and, therefore, the 77th member of the Hague System.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 March 2022 |title=China joined two WIPO treaties - the Hague Agreement and the Marrakesh Treaty |url=https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=f83e6fb8-62b2-4793-8a37-d3562e7957eb}}</ref>

== Funding ==
WIPO, unlike other UN agencies, derives most of its income from fees for the Global IP services it provides as opposed to Member States contributions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Report of the Director General to the 2019 WIPO Assemblies |url=https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1050_2019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810014221/https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1050_2019.pdf |archive-date=10 August 2020 |access-date=30 March 2020}}</ref> In 2020, WIPO's revenue amounted to CHF 468.3 million.<ref name="WIPO-financial-2021" /> In 2020 WIPO generated over 94.3% of its revenue from fees that are paid by users of its intellectual property services for patents, trademarks and industrial designs due to international demand for intellectual property titles. These services are provided through the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) (providing 76.6% of revenue), Madrid System (providing 16.3% of revenue) and Hague System (providing 1.4% of revenue).<ref name="WIPO-financial-2021">{{Cite web |title=Financial Reporting |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/budget/financial/index.html |access-date=2021-09-08 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

== Governance and normative work ==

=== WIPO Assemblies ===
WIPO Assemblies develop global intellectual property agreements through bringing stakeholders together. The main policy and decision making bodies of WIPO are the Coordination Committee and the General Assembly.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Policy |url=https://www.wipo.int/policy/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> Twenty-two Assemblies, the Unions administered by WIPO, and other bodies of the Member States of WIPO meet in ordinary or extraordinary sessions in autumn. The General Assembly appoints the Director General through nomination by the Coordination Committee. Any of the policy and decision making bodies can constitute Permanent Committees or Standing Committees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Member States |url=https://www.wipo.int/members/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

=== Standing Committees ===
Standing committees are ad hoc groups of experts established for a given purpose and acting as a place for policy discussions and negotiations on the future development of intellectual property. Any WIPO Standing Committee or other bodies also decide to establish a working group to examine a question in more detail, make suggestions or give advice on any subject within the competence of the Organization.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Assemblies of the Member States of WIPO: Fifty-Ninth Series of Meetings (September 30 to October 9, 2019) |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/assemblies/2019/a_59/index.html |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Assemblies |url=https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2013/article_0022.html |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

=== WIPO administered treaties ===

==== Intellectual property protection treaties ====
Intellectual property protection treaties define internationally agreed basic standards of intellectual property (IP) protection in each country.<ref name="WIPO-treaties" />
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Description
!History<ref name="WIPO-prep">{{Cite web |title=WIPO Treaties: Preparatory Documents |url=https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/preparatory-documents.html |access-date=2023-09-05 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
!Treaty text
|-
|Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances}}
|Adopted on 26 June 2012. Entered into force on 28 April 2020
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/beijing/ Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances]
|-
|Berne Convention
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Berne Convention}}
|Adopted in 1886. Last amended on September 28, 1979
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/ Berne Convention]
|-
|Brussels Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite
|The Brussels or Satellites Convention provides for the obligation of each Contracting State to take adequate measures to prevent the unauthorized distribution on or from its territory of any programme-carrying [[Engineering:Signal transmission|signal transmitted]] by [[Astronomy:Satellite|satellite]].
|Adopted in 1974
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/brussels/ Brussels Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite]
|-
|Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods
|According to the [[Social:Madrid Protocol|Madrid Agreement]], all goods bearing a false or deceptive indication of source, by which one of the Contracting States, or a place situated therein, is directly or indirectly indicated as being the country or place of origin, must be seized on importation, or such importation must be prohibited, or other actions and sanctions must be applied in connection with such importation.
The Agreement provides for the cases and the manner in which seizure may be requested and effected. It prohibits the use, in connection with the sale, display or offering for sale of any goods, of all indications in the nature of publicity capable of deceiving the public as to the source of the goods. It is reserved to the courts of each Contracting State to decide which appellations (other than regional appellations concerning the source of products of the vine) do not, on account of their generic character, come within the scope of the Agreement. The Agreement does not provide for the establishment of a Union, governing body or budget.
|Adopted on April 14, 1891, revised at Washington on June 2, 1911, at The Hague on November 6, 1925, at London on June 2, 1934, and at Lisbon on October 31, 1958, supplemented by the Additional Act of Stockholm of July 14, 1967
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/madrid/ Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods]
|-
|[[Engineering:Marrakesh VIP Treaty|Marrakesh VIP Treaty]]
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Marrakesh VIP Treaty}}
|Adopted on June 27, 2013
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/marrakesh/ Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Visually Impaired Persons or otherwise Print Disabled]
|-
|Nairobi Treaty on the Protection of the Olympic Symbol
|The Nairobi Treaty intend to protect the Olympic symbol – five interlaced rings – against use for commercial purposes without the authorization of the International Olympic Committee.
|Adopted at Nairobi on September 26, 1981
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/nairobi/ Nairobi Treaty on the Protection of the Olympic Symbol]
|-
|Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property}}
|Adopted on March 20, 1883, revised at Brussels on December 14, 1900, at Washington on June 2, 1911, at The Hague on November 6, 1925, at London on June 2, 1934, at Lisbon on October 31, 1958, and at Stockholm on July 14, 1967, and amended on September 28, 1979
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/ Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]
|-
|Patent Law Treaty
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Patent Law Treaty}}
|Adopted at Geneva on June 1, 2000
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/plt/ Patent Law Treaty]
|-
|Geneva Phonograms Convention
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Geneva Phonograms Convention}}
|Adopted in Geneva in October 1971
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/phonograms/ Geneva Phonograms Convention]
|-
|Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations}}
|Adopted in 1961
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/rome/ Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations]
|-
|Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks}}
|Adopted at Singapore on March 27, 2006
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/singapore/ Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks]
|-
|Trademark Law Treaty
|The aim of the Trademark Law Treaty (TLT) is to standardize and streamline national and regional [[Social:Trademark|trademark]] registration procedures. This is achieved through the simplification and harmonization of certain features of those procedures, thus making trademark applications and the administration of trademark registrations in multiple jurisdictions less complex and more predictable.
|Adopted at Geneva on October 27, 1994
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/tlt Trademark Law Treaty]
|-
|Washington Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits
|The Washington Treaty was adopted in 1989. It is meant to provide protection for the layout designs (topographies) of [[Engineering:Integrated circuit|integrated circuit]]s. As of 2023, the Treaty has not yet entered into force, but has been ratified or acceded to by 10 countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Lex |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/treaties/ShowResults?search_what=C&treaty_id=29 |access-date=2023-05-17 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref>
|Adopted at Washington on May 26, 1989 (not yet entered into force)
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/washington/ Washington Treaty]
|-
|[[Social:WIPO Copyright Treaty|WIPO Copyright Treaty]]
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|WIPO Copyright Treaty}}
|Adopted in 1996
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/wct/ WIPO Copyright Treaty]
|-
|WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty }}
|Adopted in 1996
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/wppt/ WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty]
|}

==== Global protection system treaties ====

Global protection system treaties govern WIPO's services, ensuring that one international registration or filing will have effect in any of the relevant signatory States.<ref name="WIPO-treaties" />
{| class="wikitable"
!Name
!Description
!History<ref name="WIPO-prep" />
!Treaty text
|-
|Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Budapest Treaty}}
|Done at Budapest on April 28, 1977, and amended on September 26, 1980
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/budapest Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure]
|-
|Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs}}
|Of November 6, 1925, revised at London on June 2, 1934, at The Hague on November 28, 1960, supplemented by the Additional Act of Monaco of November 18, 1961, the Complementary Act of Stockholm of July 14, 1967 amended on September 28, 1979, and the Protocol of Geneva on August 29, 1975, and at Geneva on July 2, 1999
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/hague/ Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs]
|-
|Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration}}
|Of October 31, 1958, revised at Stockholm on July 14, 1967, amended on September 28, 1979, and the Geneva Act adopted by the Diplomatic Conference on May 20, 2015
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/lisbon/ Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration]
|-
|[[Social:Madrid system|Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks]]
|The Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks is governed by the Madrid Agreement, concluded in 1891, and the Protocol relating to that Agreement, concluded in 1989. The system makes it possible to protect a [[Social:Trademark|mark]] in a large number of countries by obtaining an international registration that has effect in each of the designated Contracting Parties.
|Of April 14, 1891, revised at Brussels on December 14, 1900, at Washington on June 2, 1911, at The Hague on November 6, 1925, at London on June 2, 1934, at Nice on June 15, 1957, and at Stockholm on July 14, 1967, and amended on September 28, 1979
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/madrid/ Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks]
|-
|Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks
|The Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks is governed by the Madrid Agreement, concluded in 1891, and the Protocol relating to that Agreement, concluded in 1989. The system makes it possible to protect a mark in a large number of countries by obtaining an international registration that has effect in each of the designated Contracting Parties.
|Adopted at Madrid on June 27, 1989, amended on October 3, 2006 and on November 12, 2007
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/madrid_protocol/ Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks]
|-
|Patent Cooperation Treaty
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Patent Cooperation Treaty}}
|Done at Washington on June 19, 1970, amended on September 28, 1979, modified on February 3, 1984, and on October 3, 2001
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/pct/ Patent Cooperation Treaty]
|}

==== Classification treaties ====
Classification treaties that create classification systems that organize information concerning inventions, trademarks and industrial designs.<ref name="WIPO-treaties" />
{| class="wikitable"
!Name
!Description
!History<ref name="WIPO-prep" />
!Treaty text
|-
|Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs
|The Locarno Agreement establishes a classification for [[Social:Industrial design|industrial design]]s (the Locarno Classification)
|Signed at Locarno on October 8, 1968, and amended on September 28, 1979
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/locarno/ Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs]
|-
|Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks}}
|Of June 15, 1957, revised at Stockholm on July 14, 1967, and at Geneva on May 13, 1977, and amended on September 28, 1979
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/nice/ Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks]
|-
|Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification
|{{Excerpt|only=paragraph|hat=no|Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification}}
|Of March 24, 1971, and amended on September 28, 1979
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/strasbourg/ Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification]
|-
|Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks
|The Vienna Agreement establishes a classification (the Vienna Classification) for marks that consist of, or contain, figurative elements.
|Done at Vienna on June 12, 1973, and amended on October 1, 1985
|[https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/classification/vienna/ Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks]
|}

== Policy work ==

=== Genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions ===
For years, many local communities, Indigenous peoples and governments have sought effective [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]] (IP) protection for traditional cultural expressions (folklore) and [[Social:Traditional knowledge|traditional knowledge]] as tradition-based forms of ingenuity and creativity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=WIPO |year=2016 |title=Traditional Knowledge and Intellectual Property |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=3858 |series=Traditional Knowledge Background Briefs |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.28828 |access-date=2021-09-17 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref> As a living body of knowledge developed, sustained and passed on from generation to generation within a community, it is not easily protected under the current IP system, which typically grants protection for a limited period to new inventions and original works as private rights.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.ipaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/ipaust_ikdiscussionpaper_28march2018.pdf |title=Indigenous Knowledge: Issues for protection and management |publisher=IP Australia & the Department of Industry, Innovation and Science |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327125021/https://www.ipaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/ipaust_ikdiscussionpaper_28march2018.pdf |archive-date=27 March 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Some [[Biology:Germplasm|genetic resources]], too, are linked to traditional knowledge and related practices through their use and conservation by Indigenous peoples and local communities. Although genetic resources, as encountered in nature, are not eligible for IP protection, [[Invention|invention]]s based on or developed with the use of genetic resources may be [[Social:Patentability|patentable]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=IP Rights Management in Genetic Resources and Data |url=https://www.wipo.int/tk/en/ip_rights_management.html |access-date=2021-09-17 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> Since 2010, the Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore (IGC) has been negotiating the text of one or several legal instruments on the matter.

=== Global health ===
WIPO Re:Search is a public-private partnership between WIPO and the non-profit BIO Ventures for Global Health focused on early-stage medical research and development against [[Medicine:Neglected tropical diseases|neglected tropical diseases]] (NTDs), malaria and [[Medicine:Tuberculosis|tuberculosis]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Re:Search |url=https://www.wipo.int/research/en/index.html |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Organization |first1=World Health |last2=Organization |first2=World Intellectual Property |last3=Organization |first3=World Trade |year=2020 |title=Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4511 |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.42806 |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref> It has 150 members, including eight of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Re:Search – Global Health Progress |url=https://globalhealthprogress.org/collaboration/wipo-research/ |access-date=2021-08-13 |language=en-GB}}</ref> WIPO Re:Search supports collaborations between scientific institutions and pharmaceutical companies all over the world with the goal to advance research for medicines, treatment methods and diagnostic techniques against the neglected tropical diseases that affect over 1 billion people worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Re:Search |url=https://bvgh.org/wipo-research/ |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=BVGH |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Re:Search: Catalyzing Public-Private Partnerships to Accelerate Tropical Disease Drug Discovery and Development |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332017897 |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=ResearchGate |language=en}}</ref> Through these collaborations as well as its fellowship program, WIPO Re:Search provides shared compound libraries, repurposing methods, capacity building and works on the growth of international scientific networks.

=== Green technologies ===
{{main|WIPO GREEN}}
WIPO GREEN is a free to access online marketplace for sustainable technology.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Volume 10, February 2020, The new GRUR International |url=http://www.grur.org/uploads/media/2020-01_GRUR_Newsletter.pdf |journal=German Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property (GRUR) Newsletter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Collaboration with WIPO GREEN {{!}} Japan Patent Office |url=https://www.jpo.go.jp/e/news/kokusai/green.html |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www.jpo.go.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO GREEN: Mercado en línea de soluciones al cambio climático |url=https://www.ivace.es/index.php/es/noticias/noticias-europa-empresa/53901-wipo-green-mercado-en-linea-de-soluciones-al-cambio-climatico |website=Generalitat Valenciana}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO GREEN: The Global Marketplace for Sustainable Technology |url=https://www3.wipo.int/wipogreen |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www3.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> It consists of three main elements: WIPO GREEN online database of green technologies and needs, WIPO GREEN Acceleration Projects, and WIPO GREEN partners network.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-01-08 |title=WIPO GREEN: Facilitating Dissemination of Green Technology |url=https://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/research/wipo-green-facilitating-dissemination-green-technology |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=Green Growth Knowledge Platform |language=en}}</ref> It has a network of 146 partners and aims to bring together organizations in green technology help the implementation and diffusion of green technologies around the world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ricoh joins WIPO GREEN and provides 83 patented environmental technologies to contribute to solving social issues |url=https://www.ricoh-europe.com/news-events/news/ricoh-joins-wipo-green-and-provides-83-patented-environmental-technologies-to-contribute-to-solving-social-issues/ |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=Ricoh Europe |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Galanakis |first1=Charis M. |last2=Oksen |first2=Peter |year=2020 |title=Innovative Technologies Tackling Food Loss |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4532 |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.42330 |oclc=1248937735 |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www.wipo.int |author1-link=Charis Galanakis }}</ref> The WIPO GREEN database is an online platform where green technology inventors can promote their products and businesses, organizations, governments who are looking for green technologies can explain their needs and seek collaboration with providers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Green - Eidgenössisches Institut für Geistiges Eigentum |url=https://www.ige.ch/de/recht-und-politik/immaterialgueterrecht-international/ip-organisationen/wipo/biodiversitaet-und-nachhaltige-entwicklung/wipo-green |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www.ige.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Wipogreen Database |url=https://wipogreen.wipo.int/wipogreen-database/database |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=wipogreen.wipo.int}}</ref> WIPO GREEN 'acceleration projects' are organized annually in different countries or regions of the world, in collaboration with local organizations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO GREEN Acceleration Projects |url=https://www3.wipo.int/wipogreen/en/projects/index.html |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www3.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Favre |first1=Lise |last2=Oksen |first2=Peter |year=2020 |title=Innovative Technology in the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Sector |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4497 |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.41057 |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref> These projects usually address a particular field and connect providers and seekers of green technologies.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://www.techmonitor.net/tm/images/5/59/13oct_dec_sf1.pdf |title=WIPO GREEN: A Novel System For The Transfer Of Environmentally Sound Technologies |publisher=Asia and Pacific Centre for Transfer of Technology |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316094652/http://www.techmonitor.net/tm/images/5/59/13oct_dec_sf1.pdf |archive-date=16 March 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== WIPO Judicial Institute ===
{{main|Organization:WIPO Judicial Institute}}
The WIPO Judicial Institute was established in 2019 to coordinate and lead WIPO's work with national and regional [[Social:Judiciary|judiciaries]]. This work includes convening international meetings between judges, implementing judicial capacity building activities, producing resources and publications for use by judges, and administering the [[Social:WIPO Lex|WIPO Lex]] database that provides free public access to intellectual property (IP) laws, treaties and judicial decisions from around the world. WIPO has also established an advisory board of Judges, currently comprising 12 members who serve in their personal capacity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New WIPO Advisory Board of Judges members |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/judiciaries/news/2020/news_0005.html |access-date=2021-07-29 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

=== WIPO Academy ===
The WIPO Academy is the training arm of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), it was established in 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrating Twenty Years of the WIPO Academy |url=https://www.wipo.int/academy/en/twenty_years/index.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> It offers intellectual property (IP) education, training and IP skills-building to [[Social:Official|government officials]], [[Invention|inventors]], creators, business professionals, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), academics, students and individuals interested in IP.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Academy |url=https://www.wipo.int/academy/en/index.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> The Academy hosts IP courses through its four programs: the Professional Development Program, University Partnerships, Distance Learning and WIPO Summer Schools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Academy – University Partnerships |url=https://www.wipo.int/academy/en/courses/acad_inst_and_startup_academies/index.html |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Media |first=Newton |title=WIPO unveils course on genetic resources in the life sciences |url=https://www.lifesciencesipreview.com/news/wipo-unveils-course-on-genetic-resources-in-the-life-sciences-4447 |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=Life Sciences IP Review |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-14 |title=Sharpen your skills during lockdown with UN e-learning courses |url=https://unric.org/en/sharpen-your-skills-during-lockdown-with-united-nations-e-learning-courses/ |access-date=2021-07-19 |website=United Nations Western Europe |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== The Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights ===
The Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR) was created in the 1998 to examine issues in the field of [[Copyright|copyright]] and related rights on [[Social:Substantive law|substantive law]] and [[Social:Harmonisation of law|harmonization]]. The Committee includes all member states of WIPO, some member states of the United Nations who are not members of WIPO, and a number of non-governmental and intergovernmental observers. The Committee meets twice per year and formulates recommendations for consideration by the WIPO General Assembly. The main topics currently under discussion are the protection of broadcasting organizations and limitations and exceptions. Copyright in the digital environment, the resale royalty right and the rights of theater directors are also being discussed within the Committee.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR) |url=https://www.wipo.int/policy/en/sccr/index.html |access-date=2021-09-16 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

== World Intellectual Property Day ==
{{Main|Social:World Intellectual Property Day}}
World Intellectual Property Day is an annual global public awareness campaign to "highlight the role and contribution of intellectual property in the economic, cultural and social development of all countries as well as to raise public awareness and understanding in this field of human endeavor." In 2000, WIPO's Member States formally designated 26 April – the day on which the WIPO Convention came into force in 1970 – as World Intellectual Property Day. The first World Intellectual Property Day was held in 2001.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Intellectual Property Day – April 26, 2021 |url=https://www.wipo.int/ip-outreach/en/ipday/index.html |access-date=2021-07-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

== Sectors and divisions ==
===Economics and Statistics Division===
WIPO's Economics and Statistics Division gathers data on intellectual property activity worldwide and publishes statistics to the public. The Division also conducts economic analysis on how government IP and innovation policies affect economic performance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Economics and Statistics Division |url=http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/activities_by_unit/units/econ_stat.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413020705/http://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/activities_by_unit/units/econ_stat.html |archive-date=13 April 2016 |access-date=1 May 2018 |website=wipo.int |publisher=WIPO}}</ref>

===Infrastructure and Platforms Sector===
The Infrastructure and Platforms sector develops, implements and maintains the various databases,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Resources |url=https://www.wipo.int/reference/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=September 2021|reason=Neither this source nor any of the following nine in the same sub-section mentions the term "Infrastructure and Platforms sector" or "Infrastructure and Platforms Sector" (not sure what the correct capitalization is).}} tools<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Translate |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipo-translate/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Launches Unique Image-Based Search for Trademarks, Other Brand Information |url=https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2014/article_0007.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/artificial_intelligence/speech_to_text.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> and platforms<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO International Classifications |url=https://www.wipo.int/classifications/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About WIPO Standards |url=https://www.wipo.int/standards/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO IP Office Business Solutions |url=https://www.wipo.int/global_ip/en/activities/ip_office_business_solutions/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Digital Access Service |url=https://www.wipo.int/das/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO CASE - Centralized Access to Search and Examination |url=https://www.wipo.int/case/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> of the Organization that are targeted at and used by intellectual property offices, legal professionals, researchers, and other specialized users. The sector also covers the use of 'frontier technologies' such as artificial intelligence and coordinates WIPO's overall customer goals, strategies and tools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IP and Frontier Technologies |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/frontier_technologies/index.html |access-date=2021-09-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

=== Diplomatic Engagement and Assemblies Affairs Division ===
The Diplomatic Engagement and Assemblies Affairs Division is directly under the supervision of the Director General, it focuses on engagement with the diplomatic community in Geneva through events, meetings and overseeing the administrative, logistical and other aspects of key meetings including the Assemblies of WIPO. The Division is also responsible for supervising the full range of protocol services across the Organization. Specifically, the Division is responsible for meeting all the Director General's representation and hospitality protocol-related needs and protocol-related needs for meetings and events.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Engagement and Assemblies Affairs Division |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/activities_by_unit/index.jsp?id=1018 |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Standing Committee on the Law of Patents (SCP) |url=https://www.wipo.int/policy/en/scp/index.html |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT) |url=https://www.wipo.int/policy/en/sct/index.html |access-date=2021-09-09 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

=== Traditional Knowledge Division ===
The Traditional Knowledge Division carries out WIPO's work on genetic resources, traditional cultural expressions and [[Social:Traditional knowledge|traditional knowledge]] through its seven service areas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Traditional Knowledge |url=https://www.wipo.int/tk/en/index.html |access-date=2021-09-17 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> These include supporting indigenous and local community entrepreneurship in making strategic and effective use of intellectual property tools in their businesses; providing intellectual property advice on the documentation of traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions; organizing hands-on training, mentoring and distance learning programs; and acting as a global reference of information resources on the intersection of IP and genetic resources, traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions, as well as maintaining a repository of regional, national and community experiences. The Traditional Knowledge Division is also responsible for facilitating multilateral negotiations in the WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=WIPO |year=2016 |title=The WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=3861 |series=Traditional Knowledge Background Briefs |language=en |doi=10.34667/tind.28829 |access-date=2021-09-17 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref>

== Publications and databases ==
WIPO publishes around 40 new titles a year, which are translated and published in the official languages of the United Nations: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.<ref name="WIPO-publications">{{Cite web |title=Publications |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> The WIPO Knowledge Repository holds the archive of WIPO publications and documentations since 1885, as well as a library of academic research literature on intellectual property.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Knowledge Repository |url=https://tind.wipo.int/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=WIPO Knowledge Repository |language=en}}</ref> WIPO adopted an Open Access Policy in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Adopts Open Access Policy for its Publications |url=https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2016/article_0016.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> Its publications are free to reuse and modify, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.<ref name="WIPO-publications" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0 |url=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=creativecommons.org}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Flagship publications 
!Databases
|-
|[[Global Innovation Index]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Innovation Index (GII) |url=https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|[[Social:WIPO Lex|WIPOLex]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Lex |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|World Intellectual Property Report<ref name="WIPO-innovation">{{Cite web |title=World Intellectual Property Report 2022 – The Direction of Innovation |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipr/en/2022/index.html |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|PATENTSCOPE<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO - Search International and National Patent Collections |url=https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/search.jsf |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=patentscope.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|[[World Intellectual Property Indicators]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Publications: World Intellectual Property Indicators (WIPI) |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=37 |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|Global Brand Database<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Global Brand Database |url=https://www3.wipo.int/branddb/en/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www3.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|WIPO Magazine<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Magazine |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|[[WIPO GREEN]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wipogreen Database |url=https://wipogreen.wipo.int/wipogreen-database/database |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=wipogreen.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|Green Technology Book<ref>{{Cite web |title=Green Technology Book |url=https://www.wipo.int/en/green-technology-book/ |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|Global Design Database<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Global Design Database |url=https://www3.wipo.int/designdb/en/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www3.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|PCT Yearly Review<ref>{{Cite web |title=Publications: PCT Yearly Review |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=35 |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|Madrid Monitor<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Madrid Monitor |url=https://www3.wipo.int/madrid/monitor/en/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www3.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|Madrid Yearly Review<ref>{{Cite web |title=Publications: Madrid Yearly Review |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=34 |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|IP Statistics Data Center<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO IP Statistics Data Center |url=https://www3.wipo.int/ipstats/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www3.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|Hague Yearly Review<ref>{{Cite web |title=Publications: Hague Yearly Review |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=33 |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|Article 6ter<ref>{{Cite web |title=Article 6ter |url=https://www.wipo.int/article6ter/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|WIPO Technology Trends<ref>{{Cite web |title=Technology Trends |url=https://www.wipo.int/tech_trends/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|Hague Express<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Hague Express |url=https://www3.wipo.int/designdb/hague/en/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www3.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|WIPO IP Facts and Figures<ref>{{Cite web |title=Publications: WIPO IP Facts and Figures |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/series/index.jsp?id=36 |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|Lisbon Express<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lisbon Express |url=https://www.wipo.int/ipdl-lisbon/struct-search |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref>
|-
|
|WIPO Pearl<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Pearl – WIPO's Multilingual Terminology Portal |url=https://www.wipo.int/reference/en/wipopearl/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|
|Access to Research for Development and Innovation (ARDI)<ref>{{Cite web |title=ARDI – Research for Innovation |url=https://www.wipo.int/ardi/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|
|Access to Specialized Patent Information (ASPI)<ref>{{Cite web |title=ASPI – Specialized Patent Information |url=https://www.wipo.int/aspi/en/index.html |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|
|Pat-Informed<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pat-INFORMED |url=https://www.wipo.int/patinformed/ |access-date=2021-10-11 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref>
|}

=== Global Innovation Index ===
{{Main|Global Innovation Index}}

The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, [[Social:Innovation|innovation]], published by the World Intellectual Property Organization. It was started in 2007 by INSEAD and ''World Business'',<ref name="Aubert-2010">{{Cite book |last=Aubert |first=Jean-Eric |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wRq3fB9Hwr8C&pg=PA203 |title=Innovation Policy: A Guide for Developing Countries |date=2010-05-25 |publisher=World Bank Publications |isbn=978-0-8213-8301-8 |page=203 |language=en}}</ref> a British magazine. Until 2021 it was published by WIPO, in partnership with [[Organization:Cornell University|Cornell University]], INSEAD, and other organisations and institutions,.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Matthews |first1=Charles H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f9gqBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA333 |title=Innovation and Entrepreneurship: A Competency Framework |last2=Brueggemann |first2=Ralph |date=2015-03-12 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-80210-5 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UK ranked as world-leader in innovation |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-ranked-as-world-leader-in-innovation |access-date=2022-12-07 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref> It is based on both subjective and objective data derived from several sources, including the [[Organization:International Telecommunication Union|International Telecommunication Union]], the [[Organization:World Bank|World Bank]] and the [[Organization:World Economic Forum|World Economic Forum]].<ref name="Aubert-2010" />

=== World Intellectual Property Report ===
The World Intellectual Property Report is a biennial analytical publication by WIPO, first published in 2011. Each report examines a different theme, focusing on trends in a particular area of [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]] and [[Social:Innovation|innovation]]. The report uses macroeconomic analysis and includes case studies to examine the role of intellectual property and other intangibles in the global economy.<ref name="WIPO-innovation" />

=== World Intellectual Property Indicators ===
{{Main|World Intellectual Property Indicators}}
Since 2009, WIPO has published the annual World Intellectual Property Indicators, providing a wide range of indicators covering the areas of [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |url=https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4369 |title=World Intellectual Property Indicators |work=World Intellectual Property Organization |publisher=World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) |year=2018 |isbn=9789280529845 |series=World IP Indicators (WIPI) |doi=10.34667/tind.28222 |access-date=8 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529160006/https://www.wipo.int/publications/en/details.jsp?id=4369 |archive-date=29 May 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> It draws on data from national and regional IP offices, WIPO, the [[Organization:World Bank|World Bank]], and [[Organization:UNESCO|UNESCO]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Launch of World Intellectual Property Indicators – 2015 Edition |url=http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412190020/http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.html |archive-date=12 April 2016 |access-date=8 July 2019 |website=www.wipo.int}}</ref>

===WIPO Lex===
{{Main|Social:WIPO Lex}}
WIPO Lex is an online global database launched in 2010,<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Launches One-Stop Search & Reference Tool for IP Laws and Treaties |url=https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2010/article_0033.html |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> which provides free public access to [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]] laws, treaties and judicial decisions from around the world. In 2022, the WIPO Lex database contained 48,000 national, regional and international legal documents relating to intellectual property, with access in the six {{wipe|United Nations}} languages.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2021 |title=IP for the Good of Everyone. Report of the Director General to the 2021 WIPO Assemblies |url=https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1050_2021.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001171202/https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1050_2021.pdf |archive-date=1 October 2021 |website=WIPO}}</ref>

=== WIPO Magazine ===

WIPO Magazine,<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Magazine |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/ |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> the organization's flagship outreach publication, is available in eight languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish). Established in 1999, and online since 2005,<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Magazine Archive |url=https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/list.jsp |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> WIPO Magazine explores the worlds of innovation and creativity, and the role of IP in advancing human progress. The WIPO Magazine features a range of articles on how people around the world are using IP rights to advance their goals and support national economic development. It also includes expert commentary on the latest "hot topics" relating to IP policy and practice. The WIPO Magazine is free of charge. In January 2023, it moved to a digital-only format.

===PATENTSCOPE===
PATENTSCOPE is a public patent database provided by WIPO that serves as an official publication source for patent applications filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty and covers numerous national and regional patent collections. In 2021 it held over 100 million patent documents including 4.2 million published international patent applications.

===The Green Technology Book===
In November 2022 at [[Earth:2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference|UNFCCC COP27]], WIPO introduced its new Flagship publication the Green Technology Book.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Green Technology Book |url=https://wipogreen.wipo.int/wipogreen-database/collection-collections/146441 |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=wipogreen.wipo.int}}</ref> This digital-first publication aims to put [[Social:Innovation|innovation]], technology and [[Social:Intellectual property|intellectual property]] at the forefront in the fight against [[Earth:Climate change|climate change]]. The inaugural edition of this annual publication focused on available solutions for climate-change adaptation to reduce vulnerability as well as to increase resilience to the [[Biology:Effects of climate change|impacts of climate change]]. The book was created in cooperation with the Climate Technology Center and Network (CTCN) and the Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASTR). It features 200 adaptation technologies, which are also available in the [[WIPO GREEN]] database of innovative technologies and needs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wipogreen Database |url=https://wipogreen.wipo.int/wipogreen-database/database |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=wipogreen.wipo.int}}</ref>

===WIPO Pearl===
The WIPO Pearl database was created in 2014. It gives access to scientific and technical terms derived from [[Social:Patent|patent]] documents. It aims to promote accurate and consistent use of terms across different languages, and to make it easier to search and share scientific and technical knowledge. It operates in ten languages.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO Pearl – WIPO's Multilingual Terminology Portal |url=https://www.wipo.int/reference/en/wipopearl/index.html |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref>

== Directors General ==
[[File:Daren Tang, Director General of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).jpg|right|thumb|Current WIPO Director General Daren Tang.]]
{| class= "wikitable" 
|+ WIPO Directors General<ref>{{Cite book |last=Birkbeck |first=Carolyn Deere |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fcqxCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA39 |title=The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO): A Reference Guide |date=25 March 2016 |publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing |isbn=9781785364785 |page=39 |access-date=24 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720095434/https://books.google.com/books?id=fcqxCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA39 |archive-date=20 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
! No. !! Term !! Name !! From
|-
| 1 || 1970–1973 || Georg Bodenhausen || {{flagcountry| NLD}}
|-
| 2 || 1973–1997 || Árpád Bogsch || {{flagcountry| USA}}
|-
| 3 || 1997–2008 || Kamil Eltayeb Idris || {{flagcountry| SDN}}
|-  
| 4 || 2008–2020 || Francis Gurry || {{flagcountry| AUS}}
|- style= "background:#ccffcc"
| 5 || 2020–present || Daren Tang || {{flagcountry| SGP}}
|}

On 1 October 2020, Daren Tang of Singapore succeeded Gurry as Director General.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 March 2020 |title=WIPO Director General Congratulates Singapore's Daren Tang on Nomination for Post of Director General |url=https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dgo/news/2020/news_0017.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328153844/https://www.wipo.int/about-wipo/en/dgo/news/2020/news_0017.html |archive-date=28 March 2020 |access-date=28 March 2020 |website=WIPO}}</ref> His candidacy was backed by the United States and 54 other countries over China's preferred candidate, Wang Binying,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Magnier |first=Mark |date=5 March 2020 |title=Singapore official beats China in votes for UN intellectual property unit |language=en |work=South China Morning Post |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/3065078/singapore-official-set-win-leadership-un-intellectual-property-agency |url-status=live |access-date=9 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509132718/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/3065078/singapore-official-set-win-leadership-un-intellectual-property-agency |archive-date=9 May 2020}}</ref> who received 28 votes out of the 83 voting members.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WIPO's Coordination Committee Nominates Singapore's Daren Tang for Post of Director General |url=https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2020/article_0003.html |access-date=29 April 2021}}</ref>

== See also ==
* Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement
* [[Social:Intellectual property organization|Intellectual property organization]]
* List of parties to international copyright agreements
* [[Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=notes}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* [https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781788977661/9781788977661.xml Research Handbook on the World Intellectual Property Organization: The First 50 Years and Beyond]

== External links ==
** [http://www.wipo.int/members/en/ List of member states]


[[Category:International trade organizations]]

{{Sourceattribution|World Intellectual Property Organization}}