View source for Phonetic symbols in Unicode

{{Short description|Representation of phonetic symbols in the Unicode Standard}}
{{ SpecialChars
| special    = phonetic symbols
| fix        = Help:Special_characters
| characters = phonetic symbols
}}
'''[[Unicode]]''' supports several '''phonetic scripts''' and notations through its existing scripts and the addition of extra [[Unicode block|blocks]] with phonetic characters.<!-- And assigning more (unassigned code points in already existing blocks)? --> These phonetic characters are derived from an existing script, usually Latin, Greek or Cyrillic. Apart from the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA), extensions to the IPA and obsolete and nonstandard IPA symbols, these blocks also contain characters from the [[Uralic Phonetic Alphabet]] and the Americanist Phonetic Alphabet.

==Phonetic scripts==
The [[International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] makes use of letters from other writing systems as most phonetic scripts do. IPA notably uses Latin, Greek and Cyrillic characters. Combining diacritics also add meaning to the phonetic text. Finally, these phonetic alphabets make use of modifier letters, that are specially constructed for phonetic meaning. A "modifier letter" is strictly intended not as an independent grapheme but as a modification of the preceding character<ref>{{cite web|url=http://everything2.com/index.pl?node=Spacing%20Modifier%20Letters |title=Spacing modifier letters |website=Everything2.com |date=2002-08-29 |access-date=2016-01-23}}</ref> resulting in a distinct grapheme, notably in the context of the International Phonetic Alphabet. For example, ʰ should not occur on its own but modifies the preceding or following symbol. Thus, {{IPA|tʰ}} is a single IPA symbol, distinct from {{IPA|t}}. In practice, however, several of these "modifier letters" are also used as full graphemes, e.g. ʿ as transliterating Semitic ayin or Hawaiian {{okina}}okina, or ˚ transliterating Abkhaz ә.

==From {{vanchor|IPA}} to Unicode==
{{Main|International Phonetic Alphabet}}
{{also|superscript IPA letters}}

===Consonants===
The following tables indicates the Unicode code point sequences for phonemes as used in the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]]. A bold code point indicates that the Unicode chart provides an application note such as "voiced retroflex lateral" for {{unichar|026D|LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH RETROFLEX HOOK|html=|size=100%}}. An entry in bold italics indicates the character name itself refers to a phoneme such as {{unichar|0298|LATIN LETTER BILABIAL CLICK|html=|size=100%}}


{{legend inline|#ddede0|Basic Latin/Greek   }}{{legend inline|#d7eaed|Latin extended  }}{{legend inline|#dedbe8|IPA extension}}

{| class="wikitable" style="white-space: nowrap;"

|-
!
! colspan="2" | Bilabial
! colspan="2"| Labiodental
! colspan="2"| Dental
! colspan="2"| Alveolar
! colspan="2"| Postalveolar
! colspan="2"| Retroflex
! colspan="2"| Labialized palatal
! colspan="2"| Postalveolar-velar
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Plosive
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|p}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0070</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|b}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0062</code></code></small>
| {{IPA link|p̪}} <hr><small><code>U+0070 '''U+032A'''</code></small>
| {{IPA link|b̪}} <hr><small><code>U+0062 '''U+032A'''</code></small>
| {{IPA link|t̪}} <hr><small><code>U+0074 '''U+032A'''</code></small>
| {{IPA link|d̪}} <hr><small><code>U+0064 '''U+032A'''</code></small>
| style="background: #e6efe8"|{{IPA link|t}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0074</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|d}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0064</code></code></small>
|
|
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʈ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0288'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɖ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0256'''</code></code></small>
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|
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Implosive
|style="background: left"| {{IPA|ɓ̥}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0253''' '''U+0325'''</code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɓ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0253'''</code></code></small>
|
|
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| {{IPA|ɗ̪}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0257''' '''U+032A'''</code></small>
|
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɗ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0257'''</code></code></small>
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| {{IPA|ᶑ}} <hr><small><code>'''U+1D91'''</code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Ejective
| {{IPA link|pʼ}} <hr><small><code>U+0070 '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
|
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| {{IPA link|t̪ʼ}} <hr><small><code>U+0074 '''U+032A''' '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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| {{IPA link|tʼ}} <hr><small><code>U+0074 '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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| {{IPA link|ʈʼ}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0288''' '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Nasal
| {{IPA link|m̥}} <hr><small><code>U+006D '''U+0325'''</code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|m}} <hr><small><code><code>U+006D</code></code></small>
| {{IPA|ɱ̊}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0271''' U+030A</code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɱ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0271'''</code></code></small>
| {{IPA|n̪̊}} <hr><small><code>U+006E '''U+032A''' U+030A</code></small>
| {{IPA link|n̪}} <hr><small><code>U+006E '''U+032A'''</code></small>
| {{IPA link|n̥}} <hr><small><code>U+006E '''U+0325'''</code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|n}} <hr><small><code><code>U+006E</code></code></small>
|
|
| {{IPA link|ɳ̊}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0273''' U+030A</code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɳ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0273'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Trill
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʙ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0299'''</code></code></small>
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| {{IPA link|r̥}} <hr><small><code>U+0072 '''U+0325'''</code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|r}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0072</code></code></small>
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| *
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Tap or Flap
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| {{IPA link|ⱱ̟}} <hr><small><code>'''U+2C71''' U+031F</code></small>
|
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ⱱ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+2C71'''</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɾ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+027E'''</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɽ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+027D'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Lateral flap
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɺ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+027A</code></code></small>
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| 𝼈 <hr><small><code>'''U+1DF08'''</code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Fricative
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɸ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0278'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|β}} <hr><small><code><code>U+03B2</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|f}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0066</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|v}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0076</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|θ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+03B8</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e2edef"| {{IPA link|ð}} <hr><small><code><code>U+00F0</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|s}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0073</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|z}} <hr><small><code><code>U+007A</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʃ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0283'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʒ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0292'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʂ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0282'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʐ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0290'''</code></code></small>
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|
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɧ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0267'''</code></code></small>
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Lateral fricative
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɬ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+026C'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɮ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+026E'''</code></code></small>
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| {{IPA link|ꞎ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+A78E'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Ejective fricative
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| {{IPA link|sʼ}} <hr><small><code>U+0073 '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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| {{IPA|ʃʼ}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0283''' '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Ejective lateral fricative
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| {{IPA link|ɬʼ}} <hr><small><code>'''U+026C''' '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Percussive
| colspan=2 | {{IPA|ʬ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+02AC'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 | {{IPA|ʭ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+02AD'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Approximant
| {{IPA|β̞̊ }} <hr><small><code>U+03B2 U+031E U+030A</code></small>
| {{IPA link|β̞}} <hr><small><code>U+03B2 U+031E</code></small>
| {{IPA|ʋ̥}} <hr><small><code>'''U+028B''' U+0325</code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʋ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+028B'''</code></code></small>
|
| {{IPA link|ð̞}} <hr><small><code>U+00F0 '''U+031E'''</code></small>
| {{IPA|ɹ̥}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0279''' U+0325</code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɹ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0279'''</code></code></small>
|
|
| {{IPA|ɻ̊}} <hr><small><code>'''U+027B''' U+030A</code></small>
| {{IPA link|ɻ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+027B'''</code></code></small>
| {{IPA|ɥ̊}} <hr><small><code>'''U+0265''' U+030A</code></small>
| {{IPA link|ɥ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0265'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Lateral approximant
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| {{IPA link|l̥}} <hr><small><code>U+006C U+0325</code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|l}} <hr><small><code><code>U+006C</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɭ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+026D'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Click consonant
|style="background: #eae8f0" colspan=2 | {{IPA link|ʘ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+0298'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 | 
| colspan=2 | {{IPA link|ǀ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+01C0'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 | {{IPA link|ǃ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+01C3'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 | {{IPA link|ǃ}} / {{IPA link|ǂ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+01C3'''''</code></code> / <code><code>'''''U+01C2'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 | {{IPA link|𝼊}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+1DF0A'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 |
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Lateral click
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 | *
| colspan=2 | {{IPA link|ǁ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+01C1'''''</code></code></small>
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 |
|}
<!--############################-->
{| class="wikitable" style="white-space: nowrap;"
|-
!
!colspan="2"| Alveolo-palatal
! colspan="2"| Palatal
! colspan="2"| Labial-velar
! colspan="2"| Velar
! colspan="2"| Uvular
! colspan="2"| Pharyngeal
! colspan="2"| Epiglottal
! colspan="2"| Glottal
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Plosive
|style="background: #e2edef" | {{IPA link|ȶ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0236</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e2edef" |{{IPA link|ȡ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0221</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|c}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0063</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɟ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+025F'''</code></code></small>
| {{IPA link|k͡p}} <hr><small><code>U+006B U+0361 U+0070</code></small>
| {{IPA link|ɡ͡b}} <hr><small><code>U+0261 U+0361 U+0062</code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|k}} <hr><small><code><code>U+006B</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|ɡ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0261</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|q}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0071</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɢ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0262'''</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʡ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+02A1'''''</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʔ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''''U+0294'''''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Implosive
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| style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʄ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0284'''</code></code></small>
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| style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ɠ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0260</code></code></small>
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| style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʛ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+029B'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Ejective
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| {{IPA link|cʼ}} <hr><small><code>U+0063 '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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| {{IPA link|kʼ}} <hr><small><code>U+006B '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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| {{IPA link|qʼ}} <hr><small><code>U+0071 '''U+02BC'''</code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Nasal
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|style="background: #e2edef" | {{IPA link|ȵ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0235</code></code></small>
|
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ɲ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0272'''</code></code></small>
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| {{IPA link|ŋ͡m}} <hr><small><code>U+014B U+0361 U+006D</code></small>
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|style="background: #e2edef" | {{IPA link|ŋ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+014B</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ɴ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0274'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Trill
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|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʀ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0280'''</code></code></small>
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| *
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Tap or Flap
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| *
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Lateral flap
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| *
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| *
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Fricative
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ɕ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0255'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ʑ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0291'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e2edef"| {{IPA link|ç}} <hr><small><code>U+00E7</code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʝ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+029D'''</code></code></small>
|
|
|style="background: #e6efe8"|  {{IPA link|x}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0078</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ɣ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0263'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8" | {{IPA link|χ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+03C7</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ʁ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0281</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e2edef" | {{IPA link|ħ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0127</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ʕ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0295'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ʜ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+029C'''</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ʢ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+02A2</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"|  {{IPA link|h}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0068</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"|  {{IPA link|ɦ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0266'''</code></code></small>
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left" | Approximant
|
| 
| 
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|j}} <hr><small><code><code>U+006A</code></code></small>
|style="background: #eae8f0"| {{IPA link|ʍ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+028D</code></code></small>
|style="background: #e6efe8"| {{IPA link|w}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0077</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0"|{{IPA link|ɰ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+0270'''</code></code></small>
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|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
! style="text-align: left"   | Lateral approximant
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|style="background: #e2edef" | {{IPA link|ȴ}} <hr><small><code><code>U+0234</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0" | {{IPA link|ʎ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+028E'''</code></code></small>
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|style="background: #eae8f0" | {{IPA link|ʟ}} <hr><small><code><code>'''U+029F'''</code></code></small>
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|}

=== Vowels ===
{{IPA vowels|class=floatright}}
The following figures depict the phonetic vowels and their Unicode / UCS code points, arranged to represent the phonetic vowel trapezium. Vowels appearing in pairs in the figure to the right indicate rounded and unrounded variations respectively. Again, characters with Unicode names referring to phonemes are indicated by bold text. Those with explicit application notes are indicated by bold italic text. Those from borrowed unchanged from another script (Latin, Greek or Cyrillic) are indicated by italics. Before and after a bullet are the unrounded • rounded vowels.

{| class="wikitable" style="white-space: nowrap;"
|+ [[Unicode]] code points for phonetic vowels
|- style="text-align:center;"
!
!Front
!
!
!
!
!
!
!Central
!
!
!
!
!
!
!Back
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:left;" | Close
|{{IPA link|i}} • {{IPA link|y}} <hr><small><code>''U+0069''<br>•<br>''U+0079''</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɨ}} • {{IPA link|ʉ}} <hr><small><code>U+0268<br>•<br>U+0289</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɯ}} • {{IPA link|u}} <hr><small><code>U+026F<br>•<br>''U+0075''</code></small>
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:left;"| Near-close
|
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|{{IPA link|ɪ}} • {{IPA link|ʏ}} <hr><small><code>U+026A<br>•<br>U+028F</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɪ̈  }} • {{IPA link|ʊ̈ }} <hr><small><code>U+026A U+0308<br>•<br>U+028A U+0308</code></small>
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|{{IPA| • ʊ}} <hr><small><code><code>&nbsp;<br>•<br>U+028A</code></code></small>
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|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:left;"| Close-mid
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|{{IPA link|e}} • {{IPA link|ø}} <hr><small><code>U+0065<br>•<br>U+00F8</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɘ}} • {{IPA link|ɵ}} <hr><small><code>U+0258<br>•<br>U+0275</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɤ}} • {{IPA link|o}} <hr><small><code>U+0264<br>•<br>U+006F</code></small>
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:left;"| Mid
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|{{IPA link|e̞}} • {{IPA link|ø̞}} <hr><small><code>U+0065 U+031E<br>•<br>U+00F8 U+031E</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ə}} <hr><small><code><code>&nbsp;<br>U+0259<br>&nbsp;</code></code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɤ̞}} • {{IPA link|o̞}} <hr><small><code>U+0264 U+031E<br>•<br>U+006F U+031E</code></small>
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:left;"| Open-mid
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|{{IPA link|ɛ}} • {{IPA link|œ}} <hr><small><code>U+025B<br>•<br>U+0153</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɜ}} • {{IPA link|ɞ}} <hr><small><code>U+025C<br>•<br>U+025E</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ʌ}} • {{IPA link|ɔ}} <hr><small><code>U+028C<br>•<br>U+0254</code></small>
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:left;"| Near-open
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|{{IPA link|æ}} •  <hr><small><code>U+00E6<br>•<br>&nbsp;</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɐ}} <hr><small><code>&nbsp;<br>U+0250<br>&nbsp;</code></small>
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|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:left;"| Open
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|{{IPA link|a}} • {{IPA link|ɶ}} <hr><small><code>U+0061<br>•<br>U+0276</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ä}} • <hr><small><code>U+0061 U+0308<br>•<br>&nbsp;</code></small>
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|{{IPA link|ɑ}} • {{IPA link|ɒ}} <hr><small><code>U+0251<br>•<br>U+0252</code></small>
|}

=== Diacritics ===
Diacritics may be encoded as either [[Spacing Modifier Letters|modifier]] (e.g. ˳) or [[Combining Diacritical Marks|combining]] (e.g.  <span style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 1.5em;">◌̥</span>) characters.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; white-space: nowrap;"
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Voiceless
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Breathy Voiced
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Dental
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Syllabic
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˳</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̥</span><hr><small><code>U+02F3 • U+0325</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̤</span><hr><small><code>U+0324</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌͏̪</span><hr><small><code>U+032A</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">ˌ</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̩</span><hr><small><code>U+02CC • U+0329</code></small>
|-
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Voiced
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Creaky Voiced
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Apical
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Non-syllabic
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">ˬ</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̬</span><hr><small><code>U+02EC • U+032C</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˷</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̰</span><hr><small><code>U+02F7 • U+0330</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˽</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̺</span><hr><small><code>U+02FD • U+033A</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌͏̯</span><hr><small><code>U+032F</code></small>
|-
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Aspirated
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Linguolabial
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Laminal
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | More Rounded
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">ʰ</span><hr><small><code>U+02B0</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌͏̼</span><hr><small><code>U+033C</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌͏̻</span><hr><small><code>U+033B</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˒</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̹</span><hr><small><code>U+02D2 • U+0339</code></small>
|-
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Labialized
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Nasalized
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Palatalized
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Less Rounded
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">ʷ</span><hr><small><code>U+02B7</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̃</span><hr><small><code>U+0303</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">ʲ</span><hr><small><code>U+02B2</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˓</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̜</span><hr><small><code>U+02D3 • U+031C</code></small>
|-
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Advanced
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Nasal release
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Centralized
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Velarized
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˖</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̟</span><hr><small><code>U+02D6 • U+031F</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">ⁿ</span><hr><small><code>U+207F</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">¨</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̈</span><hr><small><code>U+00A8{{ref label|centralized_tag|1}} • U+0308</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">ˠ</span><hr><small><code>U+02E0</code></small>
|-
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Retracted
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Lateral release
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Mid-Centralized
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Pharyngealized
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">ˍ</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̠</span><hr><small><code>U+02CD • U+0320</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">ˡ</span><hr><small><code>U+02E1</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˟</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̽</span><hr><small><code>U+02DF • U+033D</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">ˤ</span><hr><small><code>U+02E4</code></small>
|-
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Advanced Tongue Root
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | No audible release
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Raised
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Velarized or Pharyngealized
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">꭪</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̘</span><hr><small><code>U+AB6A • U+0318</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˺</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̚</span><hr><small><code>U+02FA • U+031A</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˔</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̝</span><hr><small><code>U+02D4 • U+031D</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̴</span><hr><small><code>U+0334</code></small>
|-
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Retracted Tongue Root
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Rhoticity
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Lowered
! style="text-align: left; min-width: 15em;" | Lengthened
|-
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">꭫</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̙</span><hr><small><code>U+AB6B • U+0319</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em;">˞</span><hr><small><code>U+02DE</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">˕</span> • <span style="font-size: 1.5em; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif;">◌̞</span><hr><small><code>U+02D5 • U+031E</code></small>
| style="min-width: 5em;" | '''ː''' <hr><small><code>U+02D0</code></small>
|-
| colspan="12" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small;text-align:left" | '''Notes'''
:1.{{note|centralized_tag}}The codepoint refers to diaeresis, which takes up space but is not a [[Spacing Modifier Letters|Spacing Modifier Letter]].
|}

==Unicode blocks==
* [[Basic Latin (Unicode block)|Basic Latin]] (0020–007E), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Open front unrounded vowel (0061)
* [[Latin-1 Supplement (Unicode block)|Latin-1 Supplement]] (00A0–00FF), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Near-open front unrounded vowel (00E6)
* [[Latin Extended-A]] (0100–017F), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Voiceless pharyngeal fricative (0127)
* [[Latin Extended-B]] (0180–024F), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Tenuis dental click (01C0 0287)
* [[IPA Extensions]] (0250–02AF), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Near-open central vowel (0250)
* [[Spacing Modifier Letters]] (02B0–02FF), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Palatal ejective (0063 02BC)
* [[Combining Diacritical Marks]] (0300–036F), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Near-close central unrounded vowel (026A 0308)
* [[Greek and Coptic]] (0370–03FF), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Voiced bilabial fricative (03B2)
* [[Combining Diacritical Marks Extended]] (1AB0–1AFF), extIPA examples: combining parentheses
* [[Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement]] (1DC0–1DFF), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Rising-falling contour tone (1DC8)
* [[General Punctuation]] (2000–206F), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: [[Social:Tie (typography)#Undertie|Linking (absence of a break)]] (203F)
* [[Superscripts and Subscripts]] (2070–209F), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Nasal release (207F)
* [[Arrows (Unicode block)|Arrows]] (2190–21FF), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: [[Social:Intonation (linguistics)|Global rise]] (2197)
* [[Latin Extended-C]] (2C60–2C7F), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Labiodental flap (2C71)
* [[Modifier Tone Letters]] (A700–A71F), [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] example: Upstep (A71B)
* [[Phonetic Extensions]] (1D00–1D7F)
* [[Phonetic Extensions Supplement]] (1D80–1DBF)
* [[Latin Extended-D]] (A720–A7FF)
* [[Latin Extended-E]] (AB30–AB6F)
* [[Latin Extended-F]] (10780–107BF)
* [[Latin Extended-G]] (1DF00–1DFFF)

==Unicode blocks with many phonetic symbols==
Six [[Unicode block]]s contain many phonetic symbols:

===IPA Extensions (U+0250–02AF)===


===Spacing Modifier Letters (U+02B0–02FF)===

The characters in the "Spacing Modifier Letters" block are intended as forming a unity with the preceding letter (which they "modify"). E.g. the character {{unichar|02B0|MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H}} isn't intended simply as a superscript ''h'' (<sup>h</sup>), but as the mark of aspiration placed after the letter being aspirated, as in {{IPA|pʰ}} "aspirated voiceless bilabial plosive". The block contains:
*Latin superscript modifier letters: (U+02B0&ndash;U+02B8):  ʰ aspiration;	ʱ breathy voice, murmured;	ʲ palatalization;	ʳ, 	ʴ, ʵ, ʶ r-coloring or r-offglides; 	ʷ labialization;	ʸ palatalization, Americanist usage for U+02B2
*Miscellaneous phonetic modifiers: (U+02B9&ndash;U+02D7): ʹ 	ʺ 	ʻ 	ʼ 	ʽ 	ʾ 	ʿ 	ˀ 	ˁ 	˂ 	˃ 	˄ 	˅ 	ˆ 	ˇ 	ˈ 	ˉ 	ˊ 	ˋ 	ˌ 	ˍ 	ˎ 	ˏ 	ː 	ˑ 	˒ 	˓ 	˔ 	˕ 	˖ 	˗ 	
*Spacing clones of diacritics: (U+02D8&ndash;U+02DD): ˘ breve; 	˙ dot above;	˚ ring above;	˛ ogonek;	˜ [[Tilde|small tilde]];	˝ double acute accent	
*Additions based on 1989 IPA: (U+02DE&ndash;U+02E4): ˞ 	 ˟ 	ˠ 	ˡ 	ˢ 	ˣ 	ˤ 	
*[[Social:Tone letter|Tone letter]]s: (U+02E5&ndash;U+02E9): ˥ 	˦ 	˧ 	˨ 	˩ 	
*Extended [[Social:Bopomofo|Bopomofo]] tone marks: {{unichar|02EA|modifier letter yin departing tone mark}}; {{unichar|02EB|modifier letter yang departing tone mark}}
*IPA modifiers: {{unichar|02EC|MODIFIER LETTER VOICING}}, unaspirated 	
*Other modifier letters: {{unichar|02EE|modifier letter double apostrophe|nlink=Modifier letter double apostrophe}} for [[Social:Nenets languages|Nenets]]
*[[Uralic Phonetic Alphabet]] (UPA) modifiers: (U+02EF&ndash;U+02FF): 	˯	˰ 	˱ 	˲ 	˳ 	˴ 	˵ 	˶ 	˷ 	˸ 	˹ 	˺ 	˻ 	˼ 	˽ 	˾ 	˿

===Phonetic Extensions (U+1D00–1D7F)===

This block, together with Phonetic Extensions Supplement below, contains:
* Small capitals "ɢ ɪ ɴ ɶ ʀ ʏ ʙ ʜ ʟ"
* Turned small letters "ɐ ɥ ɯ ɹ ɺ ɻ ʇ ʌ ʍ ʎ ʞ ʮ ʯ"
* Extra small capitals "ʁ ʛ ᴀ ᴁ ᴃ ᴄ ᴅ ᴆ ᴇ ᴊ ᴋ ᴌ ᴍ ᴎ ᴏ ᴐ ᴘ ᴙ ᴚ ᴛ ᴜ ᴠ ᴡ ᴢ ᴣ ᴦ ᴧ ᴨ ᴩ ᴪ"
* Letters with palatal hooks "ƫ ᶀ ᶁ ᶂ ᶃ ᶄ ᶅ ᶆ ᶇ ᶈ ᶉ ᶊ ᶋ ᶌ ᶍ ᶎ ᶪ ᶵ"
* Letters with retroflex hooks "ᶏ ᶐ ᶒ ᶓ ᶔ ᶕ ᶖ ᶗ ᶘ ᶙ ᶚ ᶩ ᶯ ᶼ"

===Phonetic Extensions Supplement (U+1D80–1DBF)===


===Modifier Tone Letters (U+A700–A71F)===


===Superscripts and Subscripts (U+2070–209F)===

{{Unicode chart Superscripts and Subscripts}}

==Font support for IPA==

== Input by selection from a screen==
[[File:Gucharmap screenshot.png|thumb|300px|Applet for character selection]]

Many systems provide a way to select Unicode characters visually. ISO/IEC 14755 refers to this as a ''screen-selection entry method''.

[[Software:Microsoft Windows|Microsoft Windows]] has provided a Unicode version of the Character Map program (find it by hitting {{keypress|Win|R}} then type <code>charmap</code> then hit {{keypress|Enter}}) since version NT&nbsp;4.0&nbsp;– appearing in the consumer edition since XP. This is limited to characters in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). Characters are searchable by Unicode character name, and the table can be limited to a particular code block. More advanced third-party tools of the same type are also available (a notable [[Freeware|freeware]] example is BabelMap).

[[Software:Mac OS X|macOS]] provides a "character palette" with much the same functionality, along with searching by related characters, glyph tables in a font, etc. It can be enabled in the input menu in the menu bar under System Preferences → International → Input Menu (or System Preferences → Language and Text → Input Sources) or can be viewed under Edit → Emoji & Symbols in many programs.

Equivalent tools&nbsp;– such as gucharmap ([[Software:GNOME|GNOME]]) or [[Software:List of KDE applications|kcharselect]] ([[Organization:KDE|KDE]])&nbsp;– exist on most Linux desktop environments.

==See also==
*[[Unicode symbols]]
*[[Universal Character Set characters]]
*[[Latin script in Unicode]]
*[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://unicode.org/charts/#PhoneticSymbols Links to PDFs of Unicode codes for several phonetic symbol sets]

{{Unicode navigation}}

[[Category:Unicode blocks|*]]

{{Sourceattribution|Phonetic symbols in Unicode}}