View source for Physics:Attophysics

{{short description|Physics on extremely short timescales, approximately 10^−18 second}}
[[File:Pump-probe techniques in physics.ogv|thumb|upright=1.5|Pump-probe techniques to image effects across short time intervals]]

Attosecond science also known as '''attophysics'''  is a branch of [[Physics:Atomic, molecular, and optical physics|Atomic, molecular, and optical physics]] wherein [[Attosecond|attosecond]] (10<sup>−18</sup> s) duration pulses of [[Physics:Electron|electron]]s or [[Physics:Photon|photon]]s are used to probe dynamic processes in matter with unprecedented time resolution.{{ref|attophysics}} The majority of attoscience employs [[Chemistry:Femtochemistry#Pump–probe spectroscopy|pump–probe]] methods.

One of the primary goals of attosecond science is to provide more insights into the dynamics of electrons in molecules.{{ref|Agostini}}

Today, attophysicists mostly study molecular phenomena, such as how a particular [[Biology:Protein|protein]] breaks down under [[Physics:X-ray|X-ray]] bombardment.

==See also==
* [[Biography:Anne L'Huillier|Anne L'Huillier]]
* Paul Corkum
* Maciej Lewenstein
* [[Biography:Ferenc Krausz|Ferenc Krausz]]
* [[Physics:High harmonic generation|High harmonic generation]]
* [[Chemistry:Femtochemistry|Femtochemistry]]
* [[Engineering:Femtotechnology|Femtotechnology]]
* [[Physics:Ultrashort pulse|Ultrashort pulse]]

==External link==

Attoscience groups 

* [https://www.mpq.mpg.de/4743165/attosekunden/ Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Munich]
* [https://www.atomic.physics.lu.se/research/ Lund University]
* [https://www.eli-alps.hu/ ELI-ALPS Szeged]
* [https://ultrafast.stanford.edu/ato-attosecond-science/ Stanford University]
* [http://www.attosecond.fisi.polimi.it/ Politecnico Milano]
* [http://iramis.cea.fr/LIDYL/en/Phocea/Vie_des_labos/Ast/ast_groupe.php?id_groupe=1148/ CEA Paris]
* [https://mbi-berlin.de/homepage/ Max Born Institute, Berlin]
* [https://www.atto.uni-freiburg.de/en/ University of Freiburg]
* [https://www.attoscience.ca/ JAS Lab Ottawa]
* [https://www.imperial.ac.uk/a-z-research/quantum-optics-and-laser-science/about-us/ Imperial College London]
* [https://atto.cfel.de/ CFEL Hamburg]
* [http://atto.icfo.es/ ICFO Barcelona]
* [https://dimauro.osu.edu/ OSU Columbus]
* [https://ulp.ethz.ch/research/attosecond-science.html/ ETH Zurich]
* [https://www.iesl.forth.gr/en/research/attosecond-science/ FORTH Heraklion]
* [https://www.griffith.edu.au/centre-quantum-dynamics/our-research-groups/ultrafast-attosecond-science/ Griffith University, Queensland]
* [https://www.weizmann.ac.il/complex/Dudovich/attosecond-science/ Weizmann Institute of science, Tel Aviv]
* [https://www.riken.jp/en/research/labs/rap/attosec_sci/index.html/ RIKEN Tokyo]
* [https://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/mpi/en/research/research-fields/quantum-dynamics/fastest-motions/ Heidelberg]
* [https://www.physik.uni-jena.de/en/institutes/institute+for+optics+and+quantum+electronics/research+groups/ University of Jena]
* [https://attoworld.sa/about-us.html/ Riyadh]

==References==
*{{note|attophysics}}{{cite journal
 |author=P.H. Bucksbaum
 |year=2003
 |title=Attophysics: Ultrafast Control
 |journal=Nature
 |volume=421 |issue=6923
 |pages=593–594
 |doi=10.1038/421593a |bibcode = 2003Natur.421..593B
 |pmid=12571581|hdl=2027.42/62570
 |s2cid=12268311
 |hdl-access=free
 }} 
*{{note|Agostini}}{{cite journal
 |author=P. Agostini, L.F. DiMauro
 |s2cid=53399642
 |year=2004
 |title=The physics of attosecond light pulses
 |journal=[[Physics:Reports on Progress in Physics|Reports on Progress in Physics]]
 |volume=67 |pages=813–855
 |doi=10.1088/0034-4885/67/6/R01
 |bibcode = 2004RPPh...67..813A
 |issue=6 }}
*[http://discovermagazine.com/2003/jun/feattime Stopping Time: What can you do in a billionth of a billionth of a second?]

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