View source for Physics:Candareen

{{Short description|Traditional Asian unit of mass}}
{{Infobox Chinese
|c=分
|p=fēn
|w=fen
|j=fan1
|y=fàn
|poj=hun
|kanji=分
|hiragana=ふん
|romaji=fun
|hangul=푼
|hanja=分
|rr=pun
|qn=phân
|mon=пүн
|mong=ᠫᠦᠨ
|mnc=ᡶᡠᠸᡝᠨ
|mnc_v=fuwen
|lang2=Buryat
|lang2_content=пүн
}}
A '''candareen''' ({{IPAc-en|k|æ|n|d|ə|ˈ|r|iː|n}};<ref name=OED>{{OED|Candareen}} Accessed from OED Online.</ref> {{zh|c=分|p=fēn|cy=fàn}};<ref name = "hk_law">{{cite web|title = Weights and Measures Ordinance |work = Laws of Hong Kong | url = http://www.legislation.gov.hk/blis_ind.nsf/e1bf50c09a33d3dc482564840019d2f4/4ed2ff0cf02f2fd9c82564760077af3c?OpenDocument }}</ref> [[Place:Singapore|Singapore]] English usage: '''hoon'''<ref name = "sg_law">{{cite web |title = Weights and Measures Act (CHAPTER 349) Third Schedule |work = Singapore Statutes |url = http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/non_version/cgi-bin/cgi_getdata.pl?actno=1976-REVED-349&doctitle=WEIGHTS%20AND%20MEASURES%20ACT%0A&date=latest&method=part&sl=1&segid=888373245-001666 |access-date = 2010-11-22 |archive-date = 2017-08-20 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170820033945/http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/non_version/cgi-bin/cgi_getdata.pl?actno=1976-REVED-349&doctitle=WEIGHTS%20AND%20MEASURES%20ACT%0A&date=latest&method=part&sl=1&segid=888373245-001666 |url-status = dead }}</ref>) is a traditional [[Unit of measurement|measurement]] of weight in [[Place:East Asia|East Asia]].  It is equal to 10&nbsp;[[Physics:Cash (unit)|cash]] and is {{frac|10}} of a mace. It is approximately 378 milligrams. A [[Troy weight|troy]] candareen is approximately {{convert|374|mg}}.

In [[Place:Hong Kong|Hong Kong]], one candareen is 0.3779936375 [[Gram|gram]]s<ref name = "hk_law"/> and, in the Weights and Measures Ordinance, it is {{frac|2|150}} [[Ounce|ounce]]s [[Avoirdupois|avoirdupois]]. In Singapore, one candareen is 0.377994 grams.<ref name = "sg_law"/>

The word ''candareen'' comes from the [[Social:Malay language|Malay]] ''kandūri''.<ref name=OED/> An earlier English form of the name was ''condrin''.<ref name=OED/> The candareen was also formerly used to describe a unit of [[Finance:Currency|currency]] in imperial {{wipe|China}} equal to 10&nbsp;li ({{lang|zh|釐}}) and is {{frac|10}} of a mace. The [[Social:Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]] word ''fēn'' is used to denote {{frac|100}} of a [[Finance:Renminbi|Chinese renminbi yuan]] but the term ''candareen'' for that currency is now obsolete.

==Postal denomination==
[[File:Big Dragon stamps.jpg|center|250px|thumb|The "Large Dragons", China's first postage stamps, 1878]]
On 1 May 1878 the Imperial Maritime Customs was opened to the public and China's first postage stamps, the "Large Dragons" ({{zh|t=大龍郵票|p=dài lóng yóupiào| links=no}}), were issued to handle payment. The stamps were inscribed "CHINA" in both Latin and Chinese characters, and denominated in candareens.<ref>Institute of Chinese Studies,
University of Heidelberg, Germany: Shelfmark: HE6185.C55 T33 1989|title: 大龍郵票與清代郵史 / 中國郵票博物館 編 Ta-lung yu-p'iao yü Ch'ing-tai yu-shih / Chung-kuo yu-p'iao po-wu-kuan pien |Published: 香港 : 商務印書館 Hsiang-kang : Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1989 |Description: 212 p.: col. ill.|{{ISBN|978-962-07-5077-9}} |Language: chi.; eng.|Corp. body: 中國郵票博物館 Chung-kuo yu-p'iao po-wu-kuan|Parallel Title: A picture album of The Large Dragon Stamps and the postal history of the Qing Dynasty|Subjects: Postage-stamps - China - History</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== See also ==
* Postage stamps and postal history of China#Imperial China
* [[Physics:Chinese units of measurement|Chinese units of measurement]]
* Economy of China
* Economic history of China (Pre-1911)
* Economic history of China (1912–1949) 



[[Category:Units of mass]]


{{Sourceattribution|Candareen}}