View source for Physics:Isotopes of vanadium

{{Short description|Nuclides with atomic number of 23 but with different mass numbers}}{{infobox vanadium isotopes}}
Naturally occurring [[Chemistry:Vanadium|vanadium]] (<sub>23</sub>V) is composed of one stable [[Physics:Isotope|isotope]] <sup>51</sup>V and one radioactive isotope <sup>50</sup>V with a [[Physics:Half-life|half-life]] of 2.71×10<sup>17</sup> years. 24 artificial radioisotopes have been characterized (in the range of [[Chemistry:Mass number|mass number]] between 40 and 65) with the most stable being <sup>49</sup>V with a half-life of 330 days, and <sup>48</sup>V with a half-life of 15.9735 days.  All of the remaining [[Physics:Radioactive|radioactive]] isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, the majority of them below 10 seconds, the least stable being <sup>42</sup>V with a half-life shorter than 55 nanoseconds, with all of the isotopes lighter than it, and none of the heavier, have unknown half-lives. In 4 isotopes, [[Physics:Nuclear isomer|metastable excited states]] were found (including 2 metastable states for <sup>60</sup>V), which adds up to 5 meta states.

The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope <sup>51</sup>V is [[Physics:Electron capture|electron capture]]. The next most common mode is [[Physics:Beta decay|beta decay]]. The primary [[Physics:Decay product|decay product]]s before <sup>51</sup>V are element 22 ([[Chemistry:Titanium|titanium]]) isotopes and the primary products after are element 24 ([[Chemistry:Chromium|chromium]]) isotopes.

== List of isotopes ==
{{Isotopes table
|symbol=V
|refs=<!-- not NUBASE2016 yet (2019-07-14) -->
|notes=m, unc(), mass#, exen#, hl#, hl-nst, spin(), spin#, daughter-st, p, IT, EC, note
}}
|-
| <sup>40</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 17
| 40.01109(54)#
|
| [[Physics:Proton emission|p]]
| <sup>39</sup>Ti
| 2−#
|
|
|-
| <sup>41</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 18
| 40.99978(22)#
|
| p
| <sup>40</sup>Ti
| 7/2−#
|
|
|-
| <sup>42</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| 41.99123(21)#
| <55&nbsp;ns
| p
| <sup>41</sup>Ti
| 2−#
|
|
|-
| <sup>43</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 20
| 42.98065(25)#
| 80#&nbsp;ms
| [[Physics:Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]]
| <sup>43</sup>Ti
| 7/2−#
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>44</sup>V
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 21
| rowspan=2|43.97411(13)
| rowspan=2|111(7)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>+</sup> (>99.9%)
| <sup>44</sup>Ti
| rowspan=2|(2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, α (<.1%)
| '''<sup>40</sup>Ca'''
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>44m</sup>V
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 270(100)#&nbsp;keV
| 150(3)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>44</sup>Ti
| (6+)
|
|
|-
| <sup>45</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 22
| 44.965776(18)
| 547(6)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>45</sup>Ti
| 7/2−
|
|
|-
| <sup>46</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| 45.9602005(11)
| 422.50(11)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>+</sup>
| '''<sup>46</sup>Ti'''
| 0+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>46m</sup>V
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 801.46(10)&nbsp;keV
| 1.02(7)&nbsp;ms
| IT
| <sup>46</sup>V
| 3+
|
|
|-
| <sup>47</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 24
| 46.9549089(9)
| 32.6(3)&nbsp;min
| β<sup>+</sup>
| '''<sup>47</sup>Ti'''
| 3/2−
|
|
|-
| <sup>48</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 25
| 47.9522537(27)
| 15.9735(25)&nbsp;d
| β<sup>+</sup>
| '''<sup>48</sup>Ti'''
| 4+
|
|
|-
| <sup>49</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 26
| 48.9485161(12)
| 329(3)&nbsp;d
| [[Physics:Electron capture|EC]]
| '''<sup>49</sup>Ti'''
| 7/2−
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>50</sup>V<ref group="n">[[Chemistry:Primordial nuclide|Primordial]] [[Physics:Radionuclide|radionuclide]]</ref>
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 27
| rowspan=2|49.9471585(11)
| rowspan=2|'''2.71(13)×10<sup>17</sup> y'''
| EC (83%)
| '''<sup>50</sup>Ti'''
| rowspan=2|6+
| rowspan=2|0.00250(4)
| rowspan=2|0.002487–0.002502
|-
| β<sup>−</sup> (17%)
| '''<sup>50</sup>Cr'''
|-
| <sup>51</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 28
| 50.9439595(11)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''Stable'''
| 7/2−
| 0.99750(4)
| 0.997498–0.997513
|See [[Physics:Vanadium-51 nuclear magnetic resonance|V-51 nuclear magnetic resonance]]
|-
| <sup>52</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 29
| 51.9447755(11)
| 3.743(5)&nbsp;min
| β<sup>−</sup>
| '''<sup>52</sup>Cr'''
| 3+
| 
| 
|-
| <sup>53</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 30
| 52.944338(3)
| 1.60(4)&nbsp;min
| β<sup>−</sup>
| '''<sup>53</sup>Cr'''
| 7/2−
|
|
|-
| <sup>54</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 31
| 53.946440(16)
| 49.8(5)&nbsp;s
| β<sup>−</sup>
| '''<sup>54</sup>Cr'''
| 3+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>54m</sup>V
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 108(3)&nbsp;keV
| 900(500)&nbsp;ns
|
|
| (5+)
|
|
|-
| <sup>55</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 32
| 54.94723(11)
| 6.54(15)&nbsp;s
| β<sup>−</sup>
| <sup>55</sup>Cr
| (7/2−)#
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>56</sup>V
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 33
| rowspan=2|55.95053(22)
| rowspan=2|216(4)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>−</sup> (>99.9%)
| <sup>56</sup>Cr
| rowspan=2|(1+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, [[Physics:Neutron emission|n]]
| <sup>55</sup>Cr
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>57</sup>V
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2|56.95256(25)
| rowspan=2|0.35(1)&nbsp;s
| β<sup>−</sup> (>99.9%)
| <sup>57</sup>Cr
| rowspan=2|(3/2−)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, n (<.1%)
| <sup>56</sup>Cr
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>58</sup>V
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 35
| rowspan=2|57.95683(27)
| rowspan=2|191(8)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>−</sup> (>99.9%)
| <sup>58</sup>Cr
| rowspan=2|3+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, n (<.1%)
| <sup>57</sup>Cr
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>59</sup>V
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 36
| rowspan=2|58.96021(33)
| rowspan=2|75(7)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>−</sup> (>99.9%)
| <sup>59</sup>Cr
| rowspan=2|7/2−#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, n (<.1%)
| <sup>58</sup>Cr
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>60</sup>V
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 37
| rowspan=2|59.96503(51)
| rowspan=2|122(18)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>−</sup> (>99.9%)
| <sup>60</sup>Cr
| rowspan=2|3+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, n (<.1%)
| <sup>59</sup>Cr
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>60m1</sup>V
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(150)#&nbsp;keV
| 40(15)&nbsp;ms
|
|
| 1+#
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>60m2</sup>V
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 101(1)&nbsp;keV
| >400&nbsp;ns
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| <sup>61</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 38
| 60.96848(43)#
| 47.0(12)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>−</sup>
| <sup>61</sup>Cr
| 7/2−#
|
|
|-
| <sup>62</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 39
| 61.97378(54)#
| 33.5(20)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>−</sup>
| <sup>62</sup>Cr
| 3+#
|
|
|-
| <sup>63</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 40
| 62.97755(64)#
| 17(3)&nbsp;ms
| β<sup>−</sup>
| <sup>63</sup>Cr
| (7/2−)#
|
|
|-
| <sup>64</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 41
| 63.98347(75)#
| 10#&nbsp;ms [>300&nbsp;ns]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| <sup>65</sup>V
| style="text-align:right" | 23
| style="text-align:right" | 42
| 64.98792(86)#
| 10#&nbsp;ms
|
|
| 5/2−#
|
|
|-
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 43
| rowspan=3|65.99324(54)#
| rowspan=3|10#&nbsp;ms<br> (>620&nbsp;ns)
| β<sup>−</sup>?<ref group="n" name="decay mode 1">Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.</ref>
| <sup>66</sup>Cr
| rowspan=3|
| rowspan=3|
| rowspan=3|
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, n?<ref group="n" name="decay mode 1"/>
| <sup>65</sup>Cr
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, 2n?<ref group="n" name="decay mode 1"/>
| <sup>64</sup>Cr
|-
| rowspan=3|<sup>67</sup>V<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tarasov |first1=O. B. |display-authors = etal |title=Production cross sections from 82 Se fragmentation as indications of shell effects in neutron-rich isotopes close to the drip-line |journal=Physical Review C |date=May 2013 |volume=87 |issue=5 |page=054612 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.87.054612 |bibcode=2013PhRvC..87e4612T |doi-access=free |arxiv=1303.7164 }}</ref>
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 44
| rowspan=3|66.99813(64)#
| rowspan=3|8#&nbsp;ms<br> (>620&nbsp;ns)
| β<sup>−</sup>?<ref group="n" name="decay mode 1"/>
| <sup>67</sup>Cr
| rowspan=3| 5/2−#
| rowspan=3|
| rowspan=3|
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, n?<ref group="n" name="decay mode 1"/>
| <sup>66</sup>Cr
|-
| β<sup>−</sup>, 2n?<ref group="n" name="decay mode 1"/>
| <sup>65</sup>Cr
{{Isotopes table/footer}}

== References ==
<references />
* Isotope masses from:
**{{NUBASE 2003}}
* Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
**{{CIAAW 2005}}
* Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
**{{NUBASE 2003}}
**{{NNDC}}
**{{CRC85|chapter=11}}
*  History of discovery: A. Shore, A. Fritsch, M. Heim, A. Schuh, M. Thoennessen. Discovery of the Vanadium Isotopes. [https://arxiv.org/abs/0907.1994 arXiv:0907.1994] (2009).

{{Navbox element isotopes}}

[[Category:Isotopes of vanadium| ]]
[[Category:Vanadium]]
[[Category:Lists of isotopes by element|Vanadium]]

{{Sourceattribution|Isotopes of vanadium}}