View source for Place:Krasnodar Krai

{{short description|First-level administrative division of Russia}}
{{Infobox Russian federal subject
|en_name=Krasnodar Krai
|ru_name=Краснодарский край
|image_map=Map of Russia - Krasnodar Krai (Crimea disputed).svg
|coordinates={{coord|45|22|N|39|26|E|type:adm1st_region:RU|display=inline,title}}
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Krasnodar Kray.svg
|coa_caption=Coat of arms
|image_flag=Flag of Krasnodar Krai.svg
|flag_caption=Flag
|anthem=Anthem of Krasnodar Krai<ref name="Anthem">Law #5-KZ</ref><br>{{center|}}
|holiday
|holiday_ref
|political_status=Krai
|political_status_link=Krais of Russia
|federal_district=Southern
|economic_region=North Caucasus
|adm_ctr_type=Administrative center
|adm_ctr_name=Krasnodar
|adm_ctr_ref=<ref name="AdmCtr">Charter of Krasnodar Krai, Article&nbsp;13</ref>
|pop_2021census=5838273
{{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;
| 87.7% Russians|3.6% Armenians|0.5% Ukrainians|3.1% other|5% not stated}}
|pop_2021census_rank=3rd
|urban_pop_2010census=56.9%
|rural_pop_2010census=43.1%
|pop_2021census_ref=<ref name="2021Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2021Census}}</ref>
|pop_density
|pop_density_as_of
|pop_density_ref
|pop_latest=5,570,945
|pop_latest_date=2017
|pop_latest_ref=<ref name="2017Est">Rosstat. [http://www.poltavareview.com/?p=15917] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831085931/http://www.poltavareview.com/?p=15917 |date=August 31, 2017 }} {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|area_km2=75485
|area_km2_rank=42nd
|established_date=September&nbsp;13, 1937
|established_date_ref=<ref name="DateEstablished">Azarenkova et al., p.&nbsp;114</ref>
|license_plates=23, 93, 123, 193
|ISO=RU-KDA
|gov_as_of=March 2011
|leader_title=Governor
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadTitle">Charter of Krasnodar Krai, Article&nbsp;39</ref>
|leader_name=Veniamin Kondratev
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="HeadName">Official website of Krasnodar Krai.  [http://admkrai.krasnodar.ru/content/24/show/6243/ Biography of Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachyov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814182649/http://admkrai.krasnodar.ru/content/24/show/6243/ |date=August 14, 2015 }}, Governor of Krasnodar Krai {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
|legislature=Legislative Assembly
|legislature_ref=<ref name="Legislature">Charter of Krasnodar Krai, Chapter&nbsp;24</ref>
|website=http://admkrai.krasnodar.ru/
|website_ref
|date=September 2014
}}

'''Krasnodar Krai''' ({{lang-ru|Краснода́рский край|r=Krasnodarsky kray|p=krəsnɐˈdarskʲɪj kraj}}) is a federal subject of {{wipe|Russia}} (a krai), located in the [[Earth:North Caucasus|North Caucasus]] region in Southern Russia and administratively a part of the Southern Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Krasnodar. The third most populous federal subject, the krai had a population of&nbsp;5,838,273 as of the 2021 Census.<ref name="2021Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2021Census}}</ref>

Krasnodar Krai is formally and informally referred to as '''Kuban''' ({{lang-ru|Кубань}}), a term denoting the historical region of Kuban situated between the Sea of Azov and the Kuban River which is mostly composed of the krai's territory. It is bordered by Rostov Oblast to the north, Stavropol Krai to the east, Karachay-Cherkessia to the south-east, and Adygea is an enclave entirely within the krai. Krasnodar Krai shares an international border with the disputed region of [[Place:Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Place:Abkhazia|Abkhazia]], to the south, and borders annexed Crimea to the west, across the Kerch Strait.

The northern part of the krai belongs to the Don Steppe, while the southern region's [[Earth:Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean climate]] has made it a popular tourist location. Novorossiysk is Russia's main port on the Black Sea, one of the few cities awarded the title of the Hero City,
and Sochi was the host of the XXII Olympic Winter Games in 2014. Krasnodar Krai is home to significant infrastructure of the Russian Navy's Black Sea Fleet.

==Geography==
{{Location map+|Russia Southern Federal District|width=250px|float=left|relief=1|thumb|caption=Federal subjects in the Black Sea-Caspian area.<br/>*Smaller areas along the north Caucasus are the republics: Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia-Alania, Ingushetia, and Chechnya <br/>*Yellow is the Southern Federal District and below it is the North Caucasian Federal District (light grey) 
|places=
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=43.92|long=41.78|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=bottom|label=KC}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=43.70|long=43.40|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=bottom|label=KB}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=43.50|long=44.50|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=bottom|label=Oss}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=43.20|long=44.97|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=top|label=In}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=43.70|long=45.72|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=bottom|label=Ch}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=45.03|long=38.97|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=top|label=Krasnodar Krai}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=44.80|long=40.70|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=left|label=Adygea}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=45.20|long=41.98|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=right|label=Stavropol Krai}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=47.00|long=41.00|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=top|label=Rostov Oblast}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=49.00|long=44.52|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=top|label=Volgograd Oblast}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=47.68|long=46.20|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=right|label=Astrakhan Oblast}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=46.50|long=44.00|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=right|label=Kalmykia}}
{{Location map~|Russia Southern Federal District|lat=43.75|long=46.20|mark=Clear pog.svg|position=right|label=Dage-<br/>stan}}
}}

Krasnodar Krai is located in the southwestern part of the [[Earth:North Caucasus|North Caucasus]] and borders  Rostov Oblast in the northeast, Stavropol Krai and Karachay-Cherkessia in the east, and with the [[Place:Abkhazia|Abkhazia]] region (internationally recognized as part of [[Place:Georgia (country)|Georgia]]) in the south.<ref name="OffSiteGeo">Official website of Krasnodar Krai. [http://krasnodar.ru/content/36/show/29838/ General Information About the Region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011200855/http://krasnodar.ru/content/36/show/29838/ |date=October 11, 2017 }} {{in lang|ru}}</ref> The Republic of Adygea is completely encircled by the krai territory. The krai's Taman Peninsula is situated between the Sea of Azov in the north and the Black Sea in the south.<ref name="Gorshenyov">Gorshenyov</ref> In the west, the Kerch Strait separates the krai from the contested Crimean Peninsula, internationally recognised as part of {{wipe|Ukraine}} but under ''de facto'' {{wipe|Russia}}n control.<ref name="Gorshenyov" /> At its widest extent, the krai stretches for {{convert|327|km|sp=us}} from north to south and for {{convert|360|km|sp=us}} from east to west.<ref name="OffSiteGeo" />

The krai is split into two distinct parts by the Kuban River, which gave its name to this entire geographic region.<ref name="Gorshenyov" /> The southern, seaward part is the western extremity of the [[Earth:Caucasus|Caucasus]] range, lying within the Crimean Submediterranean forest complex ecoregion;<ref name="WWF">[[Organization:World Wide Fund for Nature|WWF]]. [http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/pa0416 Central Asia: Southwest Russia and the Crimean Peninsula on the Black Sea coast]</ref> the climate is [[Earth:Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]] or, in the southeast, [[Earth:Subtropics|subtropical]].<ref name="Gorshenyov" /> Historically it is known as [[Place:Circassia|Circassia]]. The northern part is a [[Place:Pontic–Caspian steppe|steppe zone]] which shares [[Earth:Continental climate|continental climate]] patterns.<ref name="Gorshenyov" /> It is also known as Kuban region.
{{also|Kuban Oblast|Black Sea Governorate}}
The height of the mountains exceeds {{convert|3000|m|sp=us}}, with Mount Tsakhvoa being the highest at {{convert|3346|m|sp=us}},<ref name="Gorshenyov" />with Mount Fisht, at {{convert|2867|m|sp=us}}, being the Great Caucasus' westernmost peak with a [[Earth:Glacier|glacier]].<ref name="Gorshenyov" />

The Black Sea coast stretches from the Kerch Strait to Adler and is shielded by the [[Place:Caucasus Mountains|Caucasus Mountains]] from the cold northern winds.<ref name="Gorshenyov" /> Numerous small mountain rivers flow in the coastal areas, often creating picturesque waterfalls.<ref name="Gorshenyov" />

[[Earth:Lake Abrau|Lake Abrau]], located in the wine-making region of Abrau-Dyurso, is the largest lake in the northeastern Caucasus region.<ref name="Gorshenyov" />

<gallery class="center" widths="160px">
File:Goryachiy Kluch.jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">A hilly landscape near Goryachy Klyuch</div>
File:Tsakhvoa mount 2008.jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">Mount Tsakhvoa is the highest peak in Krasnodar Krai</div>
File:Водопад пшада.jpeg|<div style="text-align: center;">Pshadskiye Waterfalls</div>
File:Abrau.jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">[[Earth:Lake Abrau|Lake Abrau]]</div>
File:RIAN archive 499451 On a beach in Sochi.jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">On a beach in Sochi</div>
File:Apsheronsk.jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">Apsheronsky District</div>
</gallery>

==History==
The region's earliest known inhabitants are referred to, generally, as the ''Maiōtai'', who are the ancestors of the modern-day Circassians, Abkhazians and Abazins<ref>{{Cite web |title=Адыги – Энциклопедия, Большая Советская |url=http://gatchina3000.ru/big/002/515_bolshaya-sovetskaya.htm |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=gatchina3000.ru}}</ref> (after the Greek name for the Sea of Azov). During the 6th century BC, Pontic Greeks founded the area's first cities, such as ''Phanagoria'' (near modern Sennoy) and ''Hermonassa'' (on the Taman Peninsula),  who traded with nomadic tribes including the [[History:Scythians|''Skuthai'']] (Scythians) and ''Sindi''.

From the 8th to the 10th centuries, the area was dominated by the Khazars, a Turkic people who had earlier migrated from the east onto the Pontic-Caspian Steppe, where [[Biology:Khazar hypothesis of Ashkenazi ancestry|a hypothesis claims that they converted]] to [[Religion:Judaism|Judaism]].  After the defeat of the Khazar Khanate in 965 Kievan Prince Svyatoslav conquered the area, it came under the rule of [[Place:Kievan Rus'|Kievan Rus']], and it then formed the Tmutarakan principality. Later, due to the increasing claims of the [[Place:Byzantine Empire|Eastern Roman Empire]] at the end of the 11th century, the Tmutarakan principality came under the authority of the Eastern Roman Emperors (until 1204).{{cn|date=June 2021}}

In that period of history, the Circassians were first mentioned, under the ethnonym ''Kassogs''. For example, the Kassog Prince Rededya was mentioned in ''The Tale of Igor's Campaign''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Song of Igor's Campaign, Igor son of Svyatoslav and grandson of Oleg |url=http://lib.ru/NABOKOW/slovo.txt |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=lib.ru}}</ref>

In 1243–1438, the current territory of the Kuban was part of the [[Place:Golden Horde|Golden Horde]]. After the latter's collapse, parts of Kuban were held under the Crimean Khanate, [[Place:Circassia|Circassia]], and the [[Place:Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Empire]], which dominated the region. The [[Place:Tsardom of Russia|Tsardom of Russia]] began to challenge the protectorate of the Ottoman Empire in the area during the Russo-Turkish wars.

[[File:Krasnodar Krai map-en.svg|right|300px|thumb|Krasnodar Krai]]

In April 1783, after the liquidation of the Crimean Khanate, right-bank Kuban and Taman Peninsula were annexed to the [[Place:Russian Empire|Russian Empire]] by decree of Catherine II. In 1792–1794, the Cossacks moved there from Zaporizhzhia, now located in Ukraine, and formed the Black Sea Area troops, with the creation of a solid cordon line for the Kuban River and the marginalization of the neighboring Circassians. The administrative region was accorded the status of "Land of Black Sea Cossack Army", with its center in the city of Yekaterinodar (renamed Krasnodar by the Bolsheviks in 1920).

In 1900, the region's population numbered around two million people. In 1913, the gross grain harvest Kuban region entered second place in Russia, for the production of marketable grain – in first place.{{clarify|date=May 2020}} During the Russian Civil War, the anti-communist Kuban People's Republic was established on 28 January 1918. It sought union with the Ukrainian People's Republic during its brief independence until Soviet forces occupied the latter in May 1920.

Krasnodar Krai was founded on 13 September 1937, when Azov-Black Sea Krai of the Russian SFSR was split up in Krasnodar Krai and Rostov Oblast. On 30 January 1996 Krasnodar Krai signed a power-sharing agreement with the federal government, granting it autonomy.<ref name="asymmetries">{{Cite journal|last=Solnick|first=Steven|date=29 May 1996|title=Asymmetries in Russian Federation Bargaining|url=https://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/1996-810-08-Solnick.pdf|journal=The National Council for Soviet and East European Research|pages=12}}</ref> This agreement would be abolished on 12 April 2002.<ref name="demokratiztsiya">{{Cite journal|last=Chuman|first=Mizuki|title=The Rise and Fall of Power-Sharing Treaties Between Center and Regions in Post-Soviet Russia|url=http://demokratizatsiya.pub/archives/19_2_L7H017206G216817.pdf|journal=Demokratizatsiya|pages=146}}</ref>

{{also|Kuban-Black Sea Oblast}}

===2012 floods===

On July&nbsp;7, 2012, at least 171 people died in Krasnodar Krai, after torrential rains overnight caused the worst flooding and landslides in more than seventy years.<ref name="Russia144">{{Cite news|title=Russia Flash Floods: 144 Killed in Krasnodar Region |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18751198|access-date=7 July 2012|newspaper=BBC News|date=July 7, 2012|location=London}}</ref><ref name="Russia150">{{cite news|last=Elder|first=Miriam|title=Russian Floods Kill 150 and Leave Thousands Homeless|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/08/russia-floods-deaths|access-date=July 9, 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|date=July 9, 2012|location=London}}</ref> Over {{convert|280|mm|sp=us}} of rain – the typical amount for a four- or five-month period – was reported to have fallen within forty-eight hours.<ref name="Russia100" />  A local police spokesman stated that most of the dead were in Krymsky District, where at least 159 died when a wave of water {{convert|5|m|sp=us}} high swept through the town of Krymsk in the middle of the night.<ref name="Russia150" /><ref name="Russia100">{{cite news|title=Over 100 Die in Russia as Floods and Landslides Hit Krasnodar Region|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/07/45-die-russia-floods|access-date=July 7, 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|date=July 7, 2012|location=London}}</ref> Ten more deaths occurred in Gelendzhik, including five electrocuted when a [[Engineering:Transformer|transformer]] fell into the floodwater, and two in Novorossiysk.<ref name="Russia144" /><ref name="Russia100" />  Authorities stated that 17 people had been officially reported missing, and there were fears the death toll would rise further, while medics had hospitalized 210 people, including 16 children.{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}}

The regional government claimed that over 24,000 people were affected by the floods, with more than 3,000 evacuated, and that more than 10,000 rescuers and 140 helicopters were searching for victims and evacuating survivors.<ref name="Russia144" /><ref name="Russia100" /> In Krymsk, 14 temporary shelters were set up to house around 2,000 evacuees.{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}} The transport system in the region was said to have collapsed, while oil shipments from Novorossiysk were halted when the port, located in the lower part of the city, was threatened by landslides.<ref name="Russia144" /><ref name="Russia100" /><ref name="Putin">{{cite news|title=Vladimir Putin Flies to Flood-hit Southern Russia as Death Toll Rises|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/08/putin-flood-russia-death-toll|access-date=July 9, 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|date=July 8, 2012|location=London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120710000739/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/jul/08/putin-flood-russia-death-toll|archive-date=July 10, 2012}}</ref> Russia's President Vladimir Putin flew to the area to hold emergency talks with officials in Krymsk, while authorities in Perm Krai dispatched a rescue team to evacuate dozens of children from the region, who had been staying at summer camps on the Black Sea coast.<ref name="Russia144" /><ref name="Putin" />

Residents of Krymsk claimed the wave of water that hit the town resulted from the sluice gates of a nearby reservoir being opened, although the prosecutor general's investigative committee denied this. Local prosecutors had earlier confirmed that the gates were opened, but stated that it was too early to determine whether this was the cause of the flooding.<ref name="Russia150" />

==Politics==
[[File:Krasnodar 002.JPG|thumb|Krai Administration building in Krasnodar]]

During the [[Place:Soviet Union|Soviet]] period, the high authority in the krai was shared between three persons: the first secretary of the Krasnodar CPSU Committee (who in reality had the greatest authority), the chairman of the Krai Soviet (legislative power), and the chairman of the Krai Executive Committee (executive power). In 1991, the CPSU lost power, and the head of the krai administration, and eventually the governor have been since appointed/elected alongside elected regional parliament.

The Charter of Krasnodar Krai is the fundamental law of the region. The Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body is the krai government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day-to-day matters of the province. The krai administration supports the governor's activities, who is the highest official and acts as the guarantor of the observance of the Krai Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia.

==Administrative divisions==

Krasnodar Krai is administratively divided into thirty-eight districts (''raions'') and fifteen cities of district equivalence. The districts and cities are further subdivided into eleven towns, plus urban-type settlements, and rural okrugs and stanitsa okrugs.

==Economy==

As a result of 2014 Winter Olympics, Krasnodar Krai has seen significant infrastructure spending.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Filipov |first1=David |title=Russia spent $50 billion on the Sochi Olympics. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/that-sochi-olympic-boondoggle-russians-say-all-the-investment-is-paying-off/2017/11/13/65014bd0-b82c-11e7-9b93-b97043e57a22_story.html |access-date=4 February 2020 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> Over $50&nbsp;billion has been spent on various infrastructure projects including a bullet train. 

Large companies in the region include Tander, Novorossmetal, Autonomous Heat Energy Company, Gazprom gas distribution Krasnodar, and Evrokhim Chemical Fertilizers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Krasnodar Territory Industries |url=https://www.investinregions.ru/en/regions/krasnodarsky/industries/ |website=investinregions.ru |access-date=7 November 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

===Transportation===
Several lines of Russian Railways cross the region and link it with [[Place:Abkhazia|Abkhazia]], {{wipe|Ukraine}}, and neighboring Russian regions. There are direct trains from resort cities like Sochi and Anapa to [[Place:Moscow|Moscow]], via Krasnodar, which become very popular during the summer vacation season. There are also suburb train connections.
The Apsheronsk narrow-gauge railway, the longest mountain narrow-gauge railway in Russia, runs through Krasnodar Krai.

There are several airports in the region, including Krasnodar International Airport, Sochi International Airport, Anapa Airport, and Gelendzhik Airport.

The biggest ports are Novorossiysk and Tuapse. Others are Eisk and Temryuk on the Azov Sea, and Port Kavkaz,   Taman, Anapa, Gelendzhik, and Sochi on the Black Sea. The Crimean Bridge connects Krasnodar Krai and Crimea.

<gallery class="center" widths="160px">
File:Railroad snow blower SO750 (left-front view).jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">Apsheronsk narrow-gauge railway</div>
File:E-train Lastochka on station Sochi.jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">EMU train Lastotschka, Sochi</div>
File:Novo-2010-08-27-043.jpg|<div style="text-align: center;">The [[Engineering:Port|port]] of Novorossiysk</div>
</gallery>

==Demographics==
===Population=== 
{{ru-census|p2021=5,838,273|p2010=5,226,647|p2002=5,125,221|p1989=5,113,148}}{{Historical populations|3=1926|4=2934000|7=1959|8=3762499|9=1970|10=4509807|11=1979|12=4814835|13=1989|14=5113148|15=2002|16=5125221|17=2010|18=5226647|19=2021|20=5838273|type=|footnote=Source: Census data}}'''Vital statistics for 2022:'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022 |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302093910/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022_t1_2.xlsx |archive-date=2 March 2023 |accessdate=21 February 2023 |website=ROSSTAT}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022 |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302093910/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Edn_12-2022_t1_3.xlsx |archive-date=2 March 2023 |accessdate=21 February 2023 |website=ROSSTAT}}</ref>
*Births: 54,073 (9.5 per 1,000)
*Deaths: 79,021 (13.9 per 1,000) 

'''Total fertility rate (2022):'''<ref name="gks.ru-tfr">{{cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/SMD_7.1.xlsx|format=XLSX|script-title=ru:Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости|trans-title=Total fertility rate|language=ru|work=Russian Federal State Statistics Service|access-date=10 August 2023|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810203543/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/SMD_7.1.xlsx|url-status=dead}}</ref> <br />
1.52 children per woman

'''Life expectancy (2021):'''<ref name="rosstat">{{cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207 |title=Демографический ежегодник России |publisher=Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat) |access-date=2022-06-01 |language=ru |trans-title=The Demographic Yearbook of Russia}}</ref>  <br />
Total — 70.53 years (male&nbsp;— 66.08, female&nbsp;— 74.90)

<gallery mode="packed" heights="180">
File:Life expectancy in Russian subject -Krasnodar Krai.png|Life expectancy at birth in Krasnodar Krai
File:Life expectancy in Russian subject -Krasnodar Krai -diff.png|Life expectancy with calculated differences
File:Life expectancy in Russia -Krasnodar Krai.png|Life expectancy in Krasnodar Krai and neighboring regions 
File:Life expectancy in Russia -Krasnodar Krai (after 2014).png|Zoomed version of the chart since 2014
</gallery>

===Settlements===
{{Largest cities
| country      = Krasnodar Krai
| stat_ref     = 2021 Russian Census
| list_by_pop  =
| div_name     =
| div_link     = Administrative divisions of Krasnodar Krai{{!}}Administrative Division
| city_1 = Krasnodar
| div_1 = Krasnodar{{!}}City of krai significance of Krasnodar
| pop_1 = 1,099,344
| img_1 = Krasnodar teatr.jpg
| city_2 = Sochi
| div_2 = Sochi{{!}}City of krai significance of Sochi
| pop_2 = 466,078
| img_2 = Аэрофотоснимок Зимнего театра 02.jpg
| city_3 = Novorossiysk
| div_3 = Novorossiysk{{!}}City of krai significance of Novorossiysk
| pop_3 = 262,293
| img_3 = Novo-2010-08-27-043.jpg
| city_4 = Armavir, Russia{{!}}Armavir
| div_4 = Armavir, Russia{{!}}City of krai significance of Armavir
| pop_4 = 187,177
| img_4 = Armavir - panoramio.jpg
| city_5 = Yeysk
| div_5 = Yeysk{{!}}Town of krai significance of Yeysk
| pop_5 = 82,943
| city_6 = Anapa
| div_6 = Anapa{{!}}Town of krai significance of Anapa
| pop_6 = 81,863
| city_7 = Gelendzhik
| div_7 = Gelendzhik{{!}}Town of krai significance of Gelendzhik
| pop_7 = 80,204
| city_8 = Kropotkin, Krasnodar Krai{{!}}Kropotkin
| div_8 = Kropotkin, Krasnodar Krai{{!}}Town of krai significance of Kropotkin
| pop_8 = 75,858
| city_9 = Slavyansk-na-Kubani
| div_9 = Slavyansk-na-Kubani{{!}}Town of krai significance of Slavyansk-na-Kubani
| pop_9 = 62,985
| city_10 = Tuapse
| div_10 = Tuapse{{!}}Town of krai significance of Tuapse
| pop_10 = 61,571
}}

The population of Krasnodar Krai is concentrated in the Kuban River drainage basin, which was traditionally Cossack land (see'' History of Cossacks''). The Kuban Cossacks are now generally considered{{according to whom|date=October 2022}} to be ethnic Russians, even though they are still an important minority in their own right in the area. Historically, they were considered to be ethnic Ukrainian{{according to whom|date=October 2022}}, and reported their language as Ukrainian in censuses well into the 20th century (see ''National Identity of Kuban Cossacks''). This change in identity is due to assimilation and historical persecution of the Kuban Cossacks, which was particularly prominent due to questions of their loyalty to Moscow and the Communist state during the Russian Revolution and First World War.{{fact|date=March 2018}}

Other notable ethnic groups include the Adyghe, who are the regions indigenous population and were nearly completely annihilated following the Circassian genocide,<ref name="RLS">{{cite book |last1=Richard |first1=Walter |title=The Circassian Genocide |date=9 April 2013 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |isbn=978-0-8135-6069-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LHlwZwpA70cC}}</ref> and the Armenians (including Christian Hamsheni and Cherkesogai), who have lived in the region since at least the 18th century.{{cn|date=October 2022}}

===Ethnic groups=== 
The 2021 Census identified ethnic groups, as shown in the following table:<ref name="census2021">{{cite web|title=Национальный состав населения|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx|publisher=Federal State Statistics Service|accessdate=30 December 2022}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! [[Social:Ethnicity|Ethnicity]]
! Population
! Percentage
|-
| Russians
| 5,121,482
| 87.7%
|-
| Armenians
| 211,132
| 3.6%
|-
| Ukrainians
| 29,317
| 0.5%
|-
| Tatars
| 18,912
| 0.3%
|-
| Caucasus Greeks
| 13,117
| 0.2%
|-
| Georgians
| 12,451
| 0.2%
|-
| Gypsies
| 11,590
| 0.2%
|-
| Adyghe
| 10,484
| 0.2%
|-
| Azerbaijanis
| 8,804
| 0.2%
|-
| Turks
| 8,070
| 0.1%
|-
| Circassians
| 6,166
| 0.1%
|-
| Belarusians
| 5,923
| 0.1%
|-
| Germans
| 5,678
| 0.1%
|-
| Assyrians
| 5,609
| 0.1%
|-
| Other Ethnicities
| 77,389
| 1.3%
|-
| Ethnicity not stated 
| 292,149
| 5.0%
|}


<graph>{
  "version": 2,
  "width": 400,
  "height": 200,

  "data": [
    {
      "name": "table",
      "values": "year,population\n1990,4638102\n1991,4690810\n1992,4763741\n1993,4864010\n1994,4940794\n1995,5020837\n1996,5076003\n1997,5114523\n1998,5128485\n1999,5130451\n2000,5133449\n2001,5132798\n2002,5125221\n2003,5119857\n2004,5106259\n2005,5100250\n2006,5096572\n2007,5101081\n2008,5121799\n2009,5141852\n2010,5226647\n2011,5229998\n2012,5284464\n2013,5330181\n2014,5404273\n2015,5453329\n2016,5513804\n2017,5570945\n2018,5603420\n2019,5648235\n",
      "format": {
        "parse": {"year": "integer", "population": "integer"},
        "type": "csv"
      },
      // Convert year integer (2016) into a date object (2016-01-01)
      "transform": [{ "type": "formula", "field": "date", "expr": "datetime(datum.year,0,1)" }]
    }
  ],

  "scales": [
    // The dates are scaled to the "x" axis – the width of the graph
    {
      "name": "x",
      "type": "time",
      "range": "width",
      "domain": {"data": "table", "field": "date"}
    },
    // The population are scaled to the "y" axis – the height of the graph
    {
      "name": "y",
      "type": "linear",
      "range": "height",
      "domain": {"data": "table", "field": "population"}
    }
  ],

  // Simple axis with horizontal grid lines
  "axes": [
    {"type": "x", "scale": "x", "ticks": 5},
    {"type": "y", "scale": "y", "ticks": 5, "grid": true, "orient": "right", "format": "d"}
  ],

  // The graph is drawn with two elements a thick line at the top, and a semi-transparent area below
  "marks": [
    {
      "type": "area",
      "from": {"data": "table"},
      "properties": {
        "enter": {
          "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "date"},
          "y": {"scale": "y", "value": 0},
          "y2": {"scale": "y", "field": "population"},
          "fill": {"value": "#99B2CC"},
          "fillOpacity": {"value": 0.35},
          "interpolate": {"value": "linear"}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "line",
      "from": {"data": "table"},
      "properties": {
        "enter": {
          "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "date"},
          "y": {"scale": "y", "field": "population"},
          "stroke": {"value": "#99B2CC"},
          "strokeWidth": {"value": 3},
          "interpolate": {"value": "linear"}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "symbol",
      "from": {"data": "table"},
      "properties": {
        "enter": {
          "x": {"scale": "x", "field": "date"},
          "y": {"scale": "y", "field": "population"},
          "stroke": {"value": "#99B2CC"},
          "fill": {"value": "#fff"},
          "size": {"value": 10}
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}</graph><ref>Russian Federal State Statistics Service</ref>

===Religion===
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in Krasnodar Krai as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas">[http://sreda.org/en/arena "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia"]. Sreda, 2012.</ref><ref name="2012Arena-religion-maps">[http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps]. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170421154615/http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg Archived].</ref>
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Religion:Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodoxy]]|DarkOrchid|52.2}}
{{Bar percent|Other [[Religion:Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]]|MediumOrchid|0.9}}
{{Bar percent|Old Believers|Purple|0.5}}
{{Bar percent|Other Christians|DeepSkyBlue|3.5}}
{{Bar percent|Islam|Green|1.3}}
{{Bar percent|[[Philosophy:Spiritual but not religious|Spiritual but not religious]]|DarkSlateGray|22.5}}
{{Bar percent|[[Philosophy:Atheism|Atheism]] and [[Religion:Irreligion|irreligion]]|Black|13.2}}
{{Bar percent|Other and undeclared|Gray|5.9}}
}}

According to a 2012 survey<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas"/> 52.2% of the population of Krasnodar Krai adheres to the [[Religion:Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodox Church]], 3% are [[Religion:Nondenominational Christianity|unaffiliated]] generic [[Religion:Christians|Christians]], 1% are either Orthodox Christian believers who do not belong to church or members of non-Russian Orthodox churches, and 1% are [[Religion:Muslim|Muslim]]s. In addition, 22% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 13% is [[Philosophy:Atheism|atheist]], and 7.8% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.<ref name="2012ArenaAtlas"/>
{{clear}}

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
*{{Cite Russian law
|ru_entity=Законодательное Собрание Краснодарского края
|ru_type=Закон
|ru_number=5-КЗ
|ru_date=5 мая 1995 г.
|ru_title=О символах Краснодарского края
|ru_effective_date=31 мая 1995 г
|ru_published_in="Кубанские новости", №87
|ru_published_date=24 мая 1995 г
|ru_url=
|ru_amendment_type=Закона
|ru_amendment_number=2957-КЗ
|ru_amendment_date=8 мая 2014 г.
|ru_amendment_title=О внесении изменений в Закон Краснодарского края "О символах Краснодарского края"
|en_entity=Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai
|en_type=Law
|en_number=5-KZ
|en_date=May&nbsp;5, 1995
|en_title=On the Symbols of Krasnodar Krai
|en_effective_date=May&nbsp;31, 1995
|en_url=
|en_amendment_type=Law
|en_amendment_number=2957-KZ
|en_amendment_date=May&nbsp;8, 2014
|en_amendment_title=On Amending the Law of Krasnodar Krai "On the Symbols of Krasnodar Krai"
}}
*{{Cite book
|last=Горшенёв
|first=М.&nbsp;А.
|script-title=ru:Путешествия по Краснодарскому краю
|year=1983
|publisher=Физкультура и спорт
|language=ru
}}
*{{Cite book
|last=Азаренкова
|first=А.&nbsp;С.
|author2=И.&nbsp;Ю.&nbsp;Бондарь
|author3=Н.&nbsp;С.&nbsp;Вертышева
|title=Основные административно-территориальные преобразования на Кубани (1793–1985&nbsp;гг.)
|orig-date=1986
|year=1986
|publisher=Краснодарское книжное издательство
|language=ru
}}

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage|Krasnodar Krai}}
* [http://admkrai.krasnodar.ru/ Official website of Krasnodar Krai] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922011643/http://admkrai.krasnodar.ru/ |date=September 22, 2014 }} {{in lang|ru}}

{{Geographic location
|Center={{flag|Krasnodar Krai}} (surrounding {{flag|Adygea}})
|North=''Sea of Azov''<br />{{flag|Donetsk Oblast}}, {{flag|Ukraine}}
|Northeast={{flag|Rostov Oblast}}
|East={{flag|Karachay-Cherkessia}} and {{flag|Stavropol Krai}}
|Southeast=
|South={{flag|Abkhazia}}, {{flag|Georgia}}
|Southwest=''Black Sea''
|West={{flag|Republic of Crimea|name=Cri}}mea, {{flag|Russia}}/{{flag|Ukraine}}
|Northwest = ''Sea of Azov''<br />{{flag|Zaporizhzhia Oblast}}, {{flag|Ukraine}}
}}

[[Category:Historical regions]]

{{Sourceattribution|Krasnodar Krai}}