View source for Place:Sari, Iran

{{Short description|City in Mazandaran province, Iran}}
{{for multi|the administrative division|Sari County|other uses of the same name|Sari (disambiguation){{!}}Sari}}


{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Sari
| native_name              = {{lang-fa|ساری}}
| other_name               = Zadracarta
| settlement_type          = City
|image_skyline          = {{Photomontage
|photo1a = Melal Park, Sari 2019-11-05.jpg
|photo2a = DSC 0104-01.jpg
|photo2b = Pa Sa'at 3.jpg
|photo3a = Jameh Mosque of Sari.jpg
|photo3b = برج رسکت خشتی میان جنگل.jpg
|photo4a =
|photo4b = Kolbadi house.jpg
|size    = 240
|border  = 0
|color   = 
|foot_montage = }}
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = Melal Park, Fazeli House, Clock Square, Jameh Mosque of Sari, Resket Tower, Kolbadi House
| image_seal               = Sari government logo.svg
| nickname                 =
| motto                    =
<!-- images and maps  ----------->
| image_map                =
| map_caption              =
| pushpin_map              = Iran <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->
| pushpin_label_position   = left <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption      =
<!-- Location ------------------>
| coordinates              = {{coord|36|33|38|N|53|03|30|E|dim:4km|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_footnotes   = <ref>{{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=36.560556&mlon=53.058333&zoom=13#map=13/36.5606/53.0583 |website=[[OpenStreetMap]] |title=Sari, Sari County |date=30 May 2023 |access-date=30 May 2023}}</ref>
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = Iran
| subdivision_type1        = Province
| subdivision_type2        = County
| subdivision_type3        = District
| subdivision_name1        = Mazandaran
| subdivision_name2        = Sari
| subdivision_name3        = Central
<!-- Politics ----------------->
| established_title3       = Founded
| established_date3        = By Farrukhan, Daboyan Dynasty of Tapuria
<!-- Area    --------------------->
| government_footnotes     =
| government_type          =
| leader_title             = Mayor
| leader_name              = Mohammad Hossein Ghobadi Anarmarzi
| unit_pref                = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_footnotes           =
| area_magnitude           =
| area_total_km2           =
| area_land_km2            =
| area_water_km2           =
| area_water_percent       =
<!-- Population   ----------------------->
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m         = 5 northwest up to 50 in southeast
| elevation_ft        = 15 – 150
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
| population_urban     = 
| population_metro     =
|population_footnotes    = <ref name="2016 census"/>
|population_as_of        = 2016
|population_total        = 347402
| population_est      =
| population_est_as_of  =
| population_density_km2   =
<!-- General information  --------------->
| postal_code_type    = Postal Code
| postal_code         = 48xxx-xxxxx
| area_code           = 011
| website             = [http://www.sari.ir/ www.sari.ir] [http://esaricity.ir esarycity.ir] [http://www.saricity.ir www.sarycity.ir]
| footnotes           =
| timezone            = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
| utc_offset          = +3:30
| blank_name          = Vehicle Plate
| blank_info          = IRAN 62
}}

'''Sari''' ({{lang-fa|ساری|Sâri}} {{IPA-fa|sɒːˈɾiː|| fa-Sari.ogg}}); also romanized as '''Sārī'''), also known as '''Shahr-e-Tajan''' and '''Shari-e-Tajan''',<ref>{{GEOnet3|-3082809}}</ref> is a city in the Central District of Sari County, Mazandaran province, [[Religion:Iran|Iran]], serving as capital of the province, county and district.<ref name="Mazandaran Province Structure">{{cite web |title = Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Mazandaran province, centered in Sari city |language = fa |website = Lamtakam |url = https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240114003543/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042 |publisher = Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council |last = Habibi |first = Hassan |archive-date = 14 January 2024 |date = 21 June 1369 |access-date = 14 January 2024}}</ref> Sari was the former capital of Iran for a short period and is in the north of the country, between the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains and southern coast of the Caspian Sea. Sari is the largest and most populous city of Mazandaran.

==Geography==
The coastline north of Sari fronts onto the ''Mazandaran Sea''; north-east of the city lies ''Neka''.
''Qa'emshahr'' (formerly known as Shahi) is to its south-west, ''Juybar'' is to its north-west,
and ''Kiasar'', ''Damghan'', and ''Semnan'' are cities located to the south.
[[File:MazandaranSari.PNG|thumb|center|500px|Map showing position of Sari county as well as Sari city in Mazandaran province]]
===Climate===
Sari has a [[Earth:Humid subtropical climate|humid subtropical climate]] ([[Earth:Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfa'', [[Earth:Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]]: ''Cf'') that borders on a [[Earth:Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean climate]] (''Csa'').<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web|title=Climate: Sari - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table|url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/764529/|publisher=Climate-Data.org|access-date=20 September 2013}}</ref> Winters are cool and rainy whilst summers are hot and humid. Sari's 2005–2006 statistical weather information, in comparison with that of other Mazandaran cities, shows that Sari has an average climate, but it is somewhat sunnier and has more spring rain. However, recent rainfall in Sari has declined.

{{Weather box |metric first= Yes |single line= Yes |location= Mahdasht, Sari (1967-2003 normals and extremes)
| Jan record high C = 30.2
| Feb record high C = 31.2
| Mar record high C = 35.0
| Apr record high C = 37.0
| May record high C = 39.0
| Jun record high C = 44.0
| Jul record high C = 39.0
| Aug record high C = 40.5
| Sep record high C = 39.0
| Oct record high C = 38.0
| Nov record high C = 34.0
| Dec record high C = 30.0
| year record high C = 44.0
| Jan high C = 11.9
| Feb high C = 11.9
| Mar high C = 14.0
| Apr high C = 20.9
| May high C = 25.2
| Jun high C = 29.2
| Jul high C = 31.2
| Aug high C = 31.2
| Sep high C = 28.5
| Oct high C = 24.1
| Nov high C = 19.0
| Dec high C = 14.4
| year high C = 21.8
| Jan low C = 3.3
| Feb low C = 3.4
| Mar low C = 5.0
| Apr low C = 9.4
| May low C = 13.8
| Jun low C = 17.8
| Jul low C = 20.7
| Aug low C = 21.2
| Sep low C = 18.6
| Oct low C = 13.8
| Nov low C = 9.3
| Dec low C = 5.2
| year low C = 11.8
| Jan record low C = -2.5
| Feb record low C = -5.0
| Mar record low C = -3.5
| Apr record low C = 1.0
| May record low C = 2.0
| Jun record low C = 4.0
| Jul record low C = 8.5
| Aug record low C = 10.0
| Sep record low C = 2.5
| Oct record low C = 0.0
| Nov record low C = -2.0
| Dec record low C = -5.0
| year record low C = -5.0
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 105.2
| Feb precipitation mm = 91.5
| Mar precipitation mm = 100.6
| Apr precipitation mm = 60.5
| May precipitation mm = 53.2
| Jun precipitation mm = 36.2
| Jul precipitation mm = 35.5
| Aug precipitation mm = 58.8
| Sep precipitation mm = 88.9
| Oct precipitation mm = 98.1
| Nov precipitation mm = 104.4
| Dec precipitation mm = 114.4
| year precipitation mm =
| Jan precipitation days = 8
| Feb precipitation days = 8
| Mar precipitation days = 10
| Apr precipitation days = 7
| May precipitation days = 6
| Jun precipitation days = 4
| Jul precipitation days = 5
| Aug precipitation days = 6
| Sep precipitation days = 7
| Oct precipitation days = 7
| Nov precipitation days = 7
| Dec precipitation days = 8
| Jan humidity = 77
| Feb humidity = 76
| Mar humidity = 76
| Apr humidity = 72
| May humidity = 69
| Jun humidity = 66
| Jul humidity = 66
| Aug humidity = 70
| Sep humidity = 73
| Oct humidity = 75
| Nov humidity = 76
| Dec humidity = 76
| Jan dew point C =3.4
| Feb dew point C =3.2
| Mar dew point C =5.5
| Apr dew point C =10.2
| May dew point C =14.0
| Jun dew point C =17.2
| Jul dew point C =19.2
| Aug dew point C =20.2
| Sep dew point C =18.3
| Oct dew point C =14.1
| Nov dew point C =9.6
| Dec dew point C =5.7
| source 1 = Iranian Meteorological Organization<ref>[http://www.irimo.ir/english/statistics/climanormals/mazandar/MAHDASHT.txt ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724181010/http://www.irimo.ir/english/statistics/climanormals/mazandar/MAHDASHT.txt |date=24 July 2011 }}</ref>
| date     = June 2011}}

==History==

===Early history===
Excavations in the Hutto cave present evidence for the existence of settlements around Sari as far back as the 70th millennium BCE.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.showcaves.com/english/ir/subterranea/Huto.html|title=Subterranea of Iran: Huto and Kamarband Cave|work=showcaves.com}}</ref>
The Muslim historian Hamdollah Mostowfi attributes the foundation of Sari to king Tahmoures Divband of the Pishdadian Dynasty. Ferdowsi mentions the name of the city in Shahnameh, at the time of Fereydun and Manuchehr, when Manuchehr is returning to Fereydun's capital, '''Tamisheh''' in Mazandaran, after the victory over Salm and Tur:<ref>{{cite web|title=Shahnameh/Book of Kings|author= Abu'L Ferdawsi|publisher=Jalal Khaleghi-Motlagh|url=http://rira.ir/rira/php/?page=view&mod=classicpoems&obj=poem&id=15367&lim=20&pageno=3|website=rira.ir}}</ref>

{{quotation|ز دریای گیلان (مازندران) چون ابر سیاه / دمادم به ساری رسید آن سپاه / چو آمد به نزدیک شاه آن سپاه / فریدون پذیره بیامد به راه }}

the city's name was also '''Zadracarta''' in 658 B.C to 225 A.D.

Coming from this and other similar evidence in the Shahnameh, native people of Sari have a folklore that the city was populated when the blacksmith Kaveh (a native of the city) revolted against the tyranny of [[Unsolved:Zahhak|Zahak]]. After that success, Fereydun of Pishdadi (from Tamishan) feeling indebted to Kaveh, chose this city so as to live near him until his death. For this reason, when Touraj and Salam murdered Iraj (son of Fereydun), they buried him here.
Espahbod Tous-e Nouzar (great-grandson of Fereydun) systematically founded it to remain as family monument.<ref name="CHN">{{cite web|title=Attractions - Mazandaran|publisher=Iran’s Cultural Heritage News Agency (CHN)|url= http://www.chnpress.com/tourism/Attractions/mazandaran}}</ref> Sari may be synonymous with the city of Zadracarta (Persian: ''Sadrakarta'') mentioned by Ancient Greek sources as early as the 6th century BCE (Achaemenid dynasty).<ref>Persien: Das Land und seine Bewohner: ethnograph. Schilderungen 2 Teile in 1 Bd, by Jakob Eduard Polak, (Olms, 1976)</ref> However, other sources suggest that modern [[Place:Gorgan|Gorgan]] is located closer to, or on, the site of Zadracarta.
[[File:Iran, sari, coppa, x-xi sec..JPG|200px|thumb|Ancient dish found in Sari]]
According to Arrian, this was the largest city of Hyrcania. The term means "the yellow city" and it was given to it because of the great number of orange, lemon, and other fruit trees that grew in the outskirts of that city. Hence it is by D'Anville, Rochette, and other geographers, identified Saru, which Pietro Della Valle says in his "Travels" means "the yellow city". It is probable that Zadracarta and Saru are the same with the Syringis of Polybius, taken from Arsaces II by Antiochus the Great, in his vain attempt to reunite the revolted provinces of Hyrcania and Parthia to the Syrian crown. Han Way, who visited Saru in 1734, makes mention of four ancient Magian temples as still standing then, built in the form of several rotundas, each thirty feet in diameter, and about 120 in height. However Sir William Ouseley, who had travelled to the site in 1811, has speculated that these to be masses of brick masonry of the Mohammedan age. Out of four, one of the rotunda is still standing since the rest were overturned by an earthquake. This and other remains of similar buildings, bear the names of Fereydun, Salm, Tur, and other mythical figures, whose celebrity had been established about 2000 years prior to their erection. One of them Avas called the tomb of Kaus, and was supposed to contain the ashes of Cyrus the Great. Sir William Ouseley thinks it was that of Kabus, or Kaus, the son of Washmakin, who governed Mazanderan in the fourth century of the Hejira. It was at Saru that the ashes of the youthful hero, Sohraub, were deposited by his father, Roostum, after he had unwittingly slayed Sohrab in a hand-to-hand battle. Saru is celebrated for its abundance of gardens, which emit a pleasing fragrance in the vernal and summer months. An oriental proverb declares that the "gates of paradise derive sweetness from the air of Sari and the flowers of [[Religion:Garden of Eden|Eden]] receive their fragrance from its soil". The city was again a regional capital in the Sassanid dynasty era.<ref name="Britannica">Britannica Article for Zadracarta</ref>

=== Capital of Tabaristan local rulers ===
In the seventh century, Farrukhan the Great of the Dabuyid dynasty reconstructed the city, and because his son's name was "Saruyeh", he called it by this name. Sari once again became the capital of [[Place:Tabaristan|Tabaristan]] during that century (Amol was the capital previously ).

After invasions by the successors of Mongols, Timur of Uzbeks, Turcoman, and Tatars the city lost its high status and was periodically burnt to ashes.
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:RezaShah-Sari.jpg|thumb|left|Reza Shah Square of Sari 1961]] -->

===Safavid-Qajar era===
Because Shah Abbas I's mother was from Behshahr (Ashraf), he founded Farahabad as his alternate capital of Persia in the north of the city and created the gardens in Ashraf. Mazandaran alongside neighboring Gilan were subsequently settled during Abbas' reign by large numbers of Georgians, Circassians, Armenians and other peoples of the Caucasus, whose descendants still live across Mazandaran.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/georgia-iv--2|title=Georgian communities in Persia|access-date=17 April 2014}}</ref><ref>^ Muliani, S. (2001) Jaygah-e Gorjiha dar Tarikh va Farhang va Tammadon-e Iran. Esfahan: Yekta [The Georgians' position in the Iranian history and civilization]</ref><ref name="academia.edu">{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/628154|title=PIETRO DELLA VALLE'S LATIN GEOGRAPHY OFSAFAVID IRAN (1624-1628)|access-date=17 April 2014}}</ref> Still many towns, villages and neighbourhoods in Mazandaran bear the name "Gorji" (i.e. Georgian) in them, although most of the Georgians are already assimilated into the mainstream Mazanderanis.
After the Safavid dynasty fell and until the rise of Agha Mohammad Khan to power there, is no evidence of any notable events in Sari.

===Early 20th century===
Major developments took place after the Qajar dynasty. During the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi, the face of the town was changed drastically. Sari Rail Station and most of the streets and governmental buildings date from that era. During World War II the Soviet army occupied the city, but left it after the war.

==About Sari==

The Clock Tower, in the Clock Square (Meydan-e-Sa'at) located in downtown Sari, attracts visitors and has become a local landmark. Mohammad Ali Hamidi built the clock tower in 1930.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=اصغری |date=2022-10-04 |title=شهر ساری کجاست؟ معرفی+ عکس و نقشه، ساری کجا بریم؟ |url=https://iraniju.ir/sari-city/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=ایرانیجو : ایران را بشناسیم |language=fa-IR}}</ref> Sari also contains the tombs of the Muslim cleric leaders Yahya and Zayn Al-Abedin, Emamzade-ye Abbas, and Shazdeh Hussein the architecture of which are from the 15th century.{{cn|date=January 2023}}

==Economy==
The economy of Sari is based on food production such as milled rice, dairy products, canned meat and cookies. Sari is a major citrus fruits producer, especially oranges, tangerines and lemons.{{cn|date=December 2022}} Oil seeds such as soybean and grape being cultivated in vast lands around villages for producing of vegetable ghee and cooking oil. During the 1950s to 1970s, a factory of MM company was the city's largest industrial complex and one of the country's biggest vegetable oil producers.{{cn|date=December 2022}} After the 1979 revolution, the company was nationalized but got bankrupt and closed later on.<ref>حسین اسلامی: تاریخ دوهزارساله ساری (دارالملک مازندران)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی قائم شهر، ۱۳۷۲.</ref>{{better source needed|date=December 2022}} Other sources of the economy include, but are not limited to, paper, wood, fabrics and construction materials. Mazandaran Wood and Paper Industries, the biggest factory of its kind in the middle east, is situated in a 2000-acre ground on Semnan Road. Mazpaper is presently producing more than 20% of country's paper requirements and is a major economical entity not only for the city but also for the province.{{cn|date=December 2022}} The MWPI's major subsidiary is the NEKA CHOUB Co., that is manufacturing plywood and chipboard.

The city is served by Refah Chain Stores Co., Iran Hyper Star, Isfahan City Center, Shahrvand Chain Stores Inc., Ofoq Kourosh chain store.

==City districts==
[[File:New municipality of Sari.jpg|thumb|Sari Municipality]]
Sari's major districts are: <br>
Mirzazamani, Azad Goleh, Bagher Abad, Booali & Posht-e-Hotel (both located in Pasdaran Blvd.), Barbari Mahalleh, Bazaar-e Nargesiyeh,
Bazaar-e Rooz, Chenar-Bon, Gol-Afshan, Golma, Kooy-e Azadi,
Kooy-e DadGostari, Kooy-e Daneshgah, Kooy-e Djahad, Kooy-e
Golha, Kooy-e-Karmandan, Kooy-e Mahyar, Kooy-e MirSarorozeh,
Kooy-e Qelich, Lesani, Mehdi-Abad, Na'l-Bandan,
No-Tekiyeh, Peyvandi, Pir Tekiyeh, Pol-e Gardan, Posht-e Nim-e
Shaban, Posht-e Zendan, Rahband-e Dokhaniyat, Dokhaniyat, Kooy-e Etehad, Rahband-e
Sangtarashan, Sang, Sari Kenar, Sarvineh Bagh, Seyyed AlShohada,
Shafa, Shahband, Shazdeh Hossein, Shekar Abad, Tabarestan,
Tavakkoli, Torki Mahalleh, Torkmen Mahalleh, etc.
[[File:Frahangstreet-sari1.jpg|thumb|Frahang Street ]]

==Previous districts==
Sari's old city structure changed in the first Pahlavi era. New avenues and streets in the city center date from that period. In the Qajar dynasty, Sari's neighborhoods included:
<br>Afghoun Mahalleh, Bahar Abad, Balouchi Kheyl, Balouchi
Mahalleh, Birameter (Bahram-Ottor), Chaleh Bagh, Dar Masdjed,
Isfahouni Mahalleh, Kohneh Baq Shah, Kurd Mahalleh, Mir Mashad Mahalleh, Mir Sar Rozeh, Na'l Bandan, Naqareh Khaneh, Ossanlou Mahalleh, Paay-e Chenar, QelichLi Mahalleh, Sabzeh Meydan, Shazdeh Hossein, Shepesh Koshan, Shishehgar Mahalleh.

==Population==
The population density of some neighborhoods in downtown (for example: Mirzazamani, Peyvandi, Sang) is greater than 20,000 per square kilometer. Note that before 1950, the population of the city during the summer was less than in winter. This influenced estimations, such that an estimate done in summer might be inaccurate. [[File:Sari Population Graph.jpg|right|Population of Sari From 19th century.]]

* 1808 = 21,000 est.
* 1827 = 19,000 est.
* 1832 = 20,000 est.
* 1850 = 15,000 est.
* 1856 = 9,000 est.
* 1872 = 15,500 est.
* 1874 = 16,000 est.
* 1883 = 16,100 est.
* 1905 = 25,000 est.
* 1923 = 35,000 est.
* 1956 = 26,278 cen.
* 1966 = 44,547 cen.
* 1976 = 70,753 cen.
* 1986 = 141,020 cen.
* 1996 = 195,882 cen.

At the 2006 National Census, its population was 259,084 in 71,522 households.<ref name="2006 census">{{cite web | title = Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006) | page = 02 | language = fa | publisher = The Statistical Center of Iran | website = AMAR | url = http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls | access-date = 25 September 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110920090640/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls | format = Excel | archive-date = 20 September 2011}}</ref> The following census in 2011 counted 296,417 people in 90,798 households.<ref name="2011 census">{{cite web | title = Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011) | page = 02 | language = fa | publisher = The Statistical Center of Iran | website = Syracuse University | url = https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230119182058/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls | archive-date = 19 January 2023 | access-date = 19 December 2022 | format = Excel}}</ref> The 2016 census showed a population of 309,820 people in 101,932 households.<ref name="2016 census">{{cite web | title = Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016) | page = 02 | language = fa | publisher = The Statistical Center of Iran | website = AMAR | url = https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx | access-date = 19 December 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211007110909/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx | format = Excel | archive-date = 7 October 2021}}</ref>

==People and culture==
Most Sari people speak the Mazandarani language ''Tabari'' as a mother tongue; however, [[Social:Persian language|Persian]] is the most common language spoken in Iran and the ''lingua franca''.
[[File:Lake miansheh.jpg|200px|thumb|Miansheh Lake]]
Zoroastrians from Sari who fled to {{wipe|India}} in the 10th century founded there a city which they named "Navu Sari" (English: "New Sari"), a name which was by now shortened to Navsari; the town is still a center of the Zoroastrian Parsi community of India.

==Transport==

===Arriving===
[[File:Sari airport.jpg|200px|thumb|Sari International Airport]]

====By air====
Sari is served by Dasht-e Naz International Airport, which is located in the north-eastern part of the city. List of arrival and departure flights can be found in the Airport's website.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sariairport.ir/fids/dailyda.asp|title=Arrival Flights of Sari International Airport|work=sariairport.ir}}</ref>

====By train====
The city is connected to [[Place:Gorgan|Gorgan]] and [[Place:Tehran|Tehran]] by the Shomal Railway route. That is a major branch of Iran's Railroad.

====By boat====
The port of Amir Abad is located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.

====By car====
Local highways have been well developed after the Iran–Iraq War.
road 22 connects Sari to several cities in the province such as Qaemshahr, Neka and Babol, as well as major cities outside the province such as [[Place:Gorgan|Gorgan]] and [[Place:Mashhad|Mashhad]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.tinn.ir/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA-77/248308-%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |title=List of names and numbers of roads and highways in Iran |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=tinn.ir |publisher=Tinn news |language=Persian |script-title=fa: فهرست نام و شماره جاده ها و آزادراه و بزگراه های ایران}}</ref>

====By bus====
There are five bus terminals, but one, Terminal-e Dowlat, is the most used. The others serve cities that are located within 150 kilometers from Sari: Gorgan, Nowshahr, Chaloos, and Kiyasar are within this range.
{|
|- valign="top"
| 
| '''By Train'''
| '''By Road'''
| colspan=3 |
|- valign="top"
| [[Place:Gorgan|Gorgan]]
| 153&nbsp;km*
| 138 Kilometers
| colspan=3 | Neka, Behshahr, Gaz, Nokandeh, Gorgan
|- valign="top"
| Bojnourd
| 
| 
| colspan=3 | Behshahr, Gorgan, Minoodasht, Ashkhaneh, Bojnourd
|- valign="top"
| Mashad
| 1152&nbsp;km*
| 730 Kilometers
| colspan=3 | Behshahr, Gorgan, Bonjnourd, Quchan, Mashad
|- valign="top"
| width="100%" colspan=6 |
|- valign="top"
| colspan=2 | Babol
| 45 Kilometers*
| colspan=3 | Qa'emshahr, Babol
|- valign="top"
| colspan=2 | Nowshahr
| 170 Kilometers
| colspan=3 | Jouybar, Babolsar, Fereydoon Kenar, Nour, Royan, Nowshahr
|- valign="top"
| colspan=2 | Lahijan
| 
| colspan=3 | Babolsar, Nour, Nowshahr, Shahsavar, Ramsar, Chaboksar, Lahijan
|- valign="top"
| width="100%" colspan=6 |
|- valign="top"
| height="13" |
| '''By Train '''
| '''Via Savadkooh Road/  '''        
| ''' Via Kiasar Road '''
| '''Via Azadshahr Road'''
| '''Via Haraz Road'''
|- valign="top"
| [[Place:Tehran|Tehran]]
| 354&nbsp;km*  
 | 265 Kilometers*
| 
| 
| 245 Kilometers
|- valign="top"
| Semnan
| 354&nbsp;km*
| 
| 
| 
| 
|- valign="top"
| Shahroud
| 555&nbsp;km*
| 
| 
| 
| 
|- valign="top"
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> indicates that destination is actually nearer than the figure shown

===Getting around===
The layout of the city renders occasional use of taxis. There is a wide choice of taxi systems including limousines, wireless radio taxis, airport or rail station taxis, and telephone taxis. City buses are also common because they connect Sari's suburbs to the center of city, providing a low cost and convenient means of transportation to and from the town for people living in those neighborhoods. Although Sari is considered a safe city for pedestrians even at night, nevertheless care should be taken when walking around.{{cn|date=January 2023}}

==Outdoors==
Places of interest in the area include:
* Farah Abad Coast
* Gohar Baran Coast
* Dehkadeh Aramesh Tourist Village
* Tajan River Park
* Melal park  (It is located on the western side of Tajan River. Melal Park has a Biking track and an Artificial Island)<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 3, 2021 |title=Where is Sari? A trip to the land of forests, mountains and sea |url=https://www.otaghak.com/blog/about-sari/#%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C |access-date=July 3, 2023 |website=Otaghak.com |language=Persian}}</ref>
* Zare' Forest Park
* Salardareh Forest Park
* Dasht-E-Naaz National Park
* Pol-e-Gardan hiking trail
* Nemashoun Lake
* Lak-Dasht Lake
* Soleyman-Tangeh Lake (A dam lake 45km Southwest of Sari)<ref name=":0" />
* Bam-e-Shahr Hill (Offers a great panoramic view of the city)
* Qor-Maraz (Natural spa, Neka)
* Jamaloddin kola (Damaneh kohe shahdezh)

==Colleges and universities==
In the course of history, Sari was once one of the most cultured cities in the history of Iran. The scientific knowledge of Saravis were noted throughout history and recorded by Pietro Della Valle and other visitors. Today, the universities are as follows:
* University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources
* [[Organization:Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences|Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences]] (MazUMS) 
* University of Natural Science
* Islamic Azad University of Sari
* Imam Mohammad Bagher University of Technology
* Sarian University of Art & Architecture
* Payam-e-Noor University
* University of Tech & Engineering (Khalil Moqadam)
* University of Tarbiyat-e Moallem
* Sama Technology Faculty of Azad University
* Rouzbehan University
* Science and Research Branch Islamic azad university
* Hadaf University

==Sports facilities==
Many sport complexes are in Sari, including:
*Jahan-Pahlavan Takhti Sports Complex, located on Farhang Street;
*Hashemi-Nassab Sports Complex, located on the railway side of the autobahn;
*Montazeri Sports complex, located in Shahband neighborhood.

Sari's Mottaqi football stadium is one of the oldest sports field in the country but nowadays it is seldom used in major soccer matches.

===Wrestling===
Sari is the birthplace of several wrestlers and athletes. Notable wrestlers from Sari include Asgari Mohammadian, Majid Torkan and Morad Mohammadi. The town was the host and scene of 2006 Wrestling World Cup Competitions.

==Cultural attractions==
[[File:نمای نزدیک سر درب آب انبار.jpg|220px|thumb|Ab Anbar at Sari]]
[[File:خانه فاضلی ها 01.jpg|thumb|left|Fazeli House]]
[[File:Bostan-velayat1.jpg|thumb|Velayat Park]]
Although Sari is the most important cultural place in the north of Iran, earthquakes and other causes destroyed most of its cultural heritage and ancient monuments. Still, Sari has been described as Safa City (City of Curvet). <br>Notable are Famous Houses such as Kolbadi House and Amir Divan House (Ramedani House); also the Resket Tower from the House of Karen era and the Farahabad Palace Complex from the Safavid era and historical Sari Central Mosque and tomb tower Imamzadeh Abbas.<ref>[https://en.tripyar.com/searching/iran/mazandaran/sari/ About Sari County]</ref>

==Arts and culture==
Khosrow Sinai (born 19 January 1941 in Sari) a renowned film director of the country was the first Iranian film director to win an international prize after the Islamic revolution in Iran. He is also known as an Iranian scholar and has been awarded the prestigious Knight's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.

===Music===
Seyed Abdolhossein Mokhtabad-Amrei (born 1966 in Sari) is an Iranian composer and singer of Persian Classical music.
He received his vocal training under supervision of renowned and legendary maestros and since his professional debut inاارا 1991, has performed numerous concerts in Iran and abroad, including most European Countries, South East Asia and Northern [[Earth:North America|America]] "Canada & United States" and produced more than 20 sets of music albums.

===Authors and poets===
Sari has raised many authors and poets. Mina Assadi is probably the most famous one. She was born and raised in Sari but then moved to [[Place:Tehran|Tehran]] to study journalism and work as a journalist at newspapers like Kayhan. Today Mina Assadi lives in exile in [[Place:Stockholm|Stockholm]], Sweden.
Mohsen Emadi (born 29 October 1976 in Sari) is another Persian poet and translator.

==Religious sites==
[[File:Sari tomb of abbas01.jpg|180px|thumb|Tomb of Imamzadeh Abbas, Located in East of Sari urban area, Mazandaran.]]
* Emamzadeh Yahya (son of Imam Moosa-ibn Jafar)
* Emamzadeh Abbas (son of Imam Moosa-ibn Jafar)
* Emamzadeh Abdollah, Koula
* Masjed-e-Jaame' Mosque (constructed before Islam by Zoroastrians, where many important kings and heroes of Persia such as Iraj, Tur, Salm, Fereydun, Sohrab (son of Rostam) that Ferdowsi recalls them in shahnameh are buried near this place).
* Emam-Sajjad Mosque (formerly Shah-Qazi, initially was called Marqad-'Ala-Adolleh School but Rostam Shah Qazi reconstructed it in 1169 and renamed it to Shah-Qazi during the Qaznavi era)
* Haaj Mostafa Khan Mosque (Sourteci)
* Reza Khan Mosque (Hozeh Elmiyeh)
* Molla-Majd-Addin Place
* Shazdeh-Hossein Place
* Pahneh-Kalla Place

==Notable people==
<!-- PLEASE RESPECT CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER -->
{{multiple image
<!-- Essential parameters -->
 | perrow    = 7
 | total_width = 600
 |align = right
 |direction = horizontal
 |header = 
 |caption_align = center
 |image1 = AliAkbar Davar Justice Minister 1306.jpg
 |alt1 = AliAkbar Davar
 |caption1 = Ali-Akbar Davar
 |width1 = 300
 |image2 = Khosro Sinaei 1 (cropped).jpg
 |alt2 = Khosrow Sinai
 |caption2 = Khosrow Sinai
 |width2 = 288
 |image3 = Askari Mohammadian.jpg
 |alt3 = Askari Mohammadian
 |caption3 = Askari Mohammadian
 |width3 = 290
 |image4 = NakhaiPortrait.JPG
 |alt4 = Hossein Ghods-Nakhai
 |caption4 = Hossein Ghods-Nakhai
 |width4 = 300
 |image5 = Mokhtabad-Wiki2.JPG
 |alt5 = Abdolhossein Mokhtabad
 |caption5 = Abdolhossein Mokhtabad
 |width5 = 287
 |image6 = Ramin Rezaeian at the 2018 FIFA World Cup.jpg
 |alt6 = Ramin Rezaeian
 |caption6 = Ramin Rezaeian
 |width6 = 287
 |image7 = Saba Kamali 2.jpg
 |alt7 = Saba Kamali
 |caption7 = Saba Kamali
 |width7 = 287
}}
* Mohammad Salih al-Mazandarani (1086) - author
* Ibn Shahr Ashub - medieval jurist 
* Farrukhan the Great - king
* Ali-Akbar Davar (1867-1937) - politician
* Ehsanollah Khan Dustdar (1884-1939) - politician
* Hossein Ghods-Nakhai (1911-1977) - diplomat
* Ehsan Tabari (1917-1989) - politician
* Al-Marzuban - author
* Javad Saeed (1924-1979) - politician
* Hassan Rahnavardi (b. 1927) - weightlifter and physician
* Khosrow Sinai (b. 1940) - film director
* Mohammad Donyavi (b. 1942) - singer and musician
* Mina Assadi (b. 1943) - poet
* Reza Allamehzadeh (b. 1943) - film director
* Elaheh Koulaei (b. 1956) - politician
* Hossein Mesgar Saravi (b. 1957) - football player
* Maryam Mojtahedzadeh (b. 1957) - nurse educator
* Ali Kordan (1958-2009) - politician
* Askari Mohammadian (b. 1963) - wrestler
* Farshid Moussavi (b. 1965) - architect
* Majid Torkan (b. 1965) - wrestler
* Abdolhossein Mokhtabad (b. 1966) - singer
* Zinat Pirzadeh (b. 1967) - actress, writer, comedian
* Ali Nazari Juybari (b. 1967) - football administrator
* Seyed Abolhassan Mokhtabad (b. 1970) - journalist
* Mohsen Emadi (b. 1976) - poet
* Ebrahim Taghipour (b. 1976) - football player
* Saba Kamali (b. 1976) - actor
* Morad Mohammadi (b. 1980) - wrestler
* Mohammad Taghavi (b. 1980) - football coach
* Behdad Esfahbod (b. 1982) - software engineer
* Sam Dastyari (b. 1983) - Australian politician
* Hossein Rajabian (b. 1984) - Filmmaker- Photographer- Writer
* Rouhollah Arab (b. 1984) - football player
* Sheys Rezaei (b. 1984) - football player
* Mehdi Momeni (b. 1985) - football player
* Abbas Dabbaghi (b. 1987) - wrestler
* Mohammad Reza Barari (b. 1988) - weightlifter
*Hanieh Rostamian (b.1998) - sports shooter [[Engineering:Pistol|pistol]]
* Taha Mortazavi (b. 1988) - futsal player
* Mehdi Rajabian (b. 1989) - singer
* Mohammad Abbaszadeh (b. 1990) - football player
* Ramin Rezaeian (b. 1991) - football player
* Omid Alishah (b. 1992) - football player
* Mohammad Hossein Mohammadian (b. 1992) - wrestler
* Mohsen Karimi (b. 1994) - football player
*Mohammad Karimi (b.1996) - football player
*Saeid Sadeghi (b.1994)-football player
*Danial Esmaeilifar (b.1993) - football player
*Saman Fallah (b.2001) - football player

==Sister cities==
* {{flagicon|Iraq}} [[Place:Najaf|Najaf]]
* {{Flagicon|Belarus}} Gomel
* {{Flagicon|Russia}} Astrakhan
* {{flagicon|Italy}} Ancona
* {{flagicon|Iran}} Mezdeh
* {{flagicon|India}} navsari

==See also==
*Nav Sari (New Sari), city in Gujarat, India, traditionally named so by Parsis

==References==
{{Reflist}}

* About Sari, Author: Dr. Hussein Eslami, Year: 1995, Special Municipal Research & Cultural Center for Sari
* Sari, My Lovely City, Author: Ali Hessami, Year: 2006, 23965 Sari Primary Library

==External links==
* [https://www.britannica.com/place/Sari-Iran Sārī in Encyclopædia Britannica]
*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Sari}}






[[Category:Iranian provincial capitals]]






{{Sourceattribution|Sari, Iran}}