View source for Place:Suva

{{short description|Capital of Fiji}}
{{EngvarB|date = January 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Suva
| native_name              = 
| other_name               = {{nobold|सुवा}}
| settlement_type          = Capital city<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
| image_skyline            = {{multiple image
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  | image2      = Suva, Fiji 77.jpg
  | image3      = Parliament Suva MatthiasSuessen-8477.jpg
  | image4      = Southern Waterfront, Suva.jpg
  | image5      = Government Buildings Suva MatthiasSuessen-8446.jpg
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| image_caption            = Suva Harbour, Central Business District, Government Buildings
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| image_shield             = SUVA City Council Logo.jpg
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| nickname                 = 
| motto                    = ''Valataka na Dina'' (Fight for the Right)
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| subdivision_name         = {{flag|Fiji}}
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| subdivision_name1        = Central Division
| subdivision_name2        = Rewa
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| government_type          = Suva City Council
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| population_total         = 93,970
| population_as_of         = 2017
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| population_urban         = 185,913
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| website                  = {{URL|www.suvacity.org}}
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 <!-- Infobox ends -->

'''Suva''' ({{IPA-fj|ˈsuβa}}; {{lang-hif|सुवा}}) is the capital and largest city of Fiji. It is the home of the country's largest metropolitan area and serves as its major port. The city is located on the southeast coast of the island of Viti Levu, in Rewa Province, Central Division.

In 1877, the capital of Fiji was moved to Suva from Levuka, the main European colonial settlement at the time, due to its restrictive geography and environs. The administration of the colony was transferred from Levuka to Suva in 1882.

As of the 2017 census, the city of Suva had a population of 93,970,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/Social/popn_townsarea.htm |title=Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics – Population and Demography |publisher=Statsfiji.gov.fj |access-date=10 October 2012 |archive-date=19 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019001457/http://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/Social/popn_townsarea.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> and Suva's metropolitan area, which includes its independent suburbs, had a population of 185,913.<ref>{{cite web|title=2007 Census of Population and Housing|url=http://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/statistics/2007-census-of-population-and-housing|access-date=25 January 2017|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202033519/http://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/statistics/2007-census-of-population-and-housing|url-status=live}}</ref> The combined urban population of Suva and the towns of Lami, Nasinu, and Nausori that border it was around 330,000: over a third of the nation's population. (This urban complex, excluding Lami, is also known as the Suva-Nausori corridor.)

Suva is the political, economic, and cultural centre of Fiji. It is also the economic and cultural capital of the South Pacific, hosting the majority of the regional headquarters of major international corporations, international agencies, and diplomatic missions. The city also has a thriving arts and performance scene, and a growing reputation as the region's fashion capital.

==History==
[[File:Suva postcard.jpg|thumb|Suva Central Business District in the 1950s]]
[[File:The harbour, Suva, Fiji (NYPL Hades-2359163-4043519).jpg|thumb|Suva, Fiji, c. 1920]]
In 1868, when Suva was still a small village, the Bauan chieftain, Seru Epenisa Cakobau, granted {{convert|5000|km2|abbr=on}} of land to the Australian-based Polynesia Company, in exchange for the company's promise to pay off debts owed to the United States. More than a tenth of this land area, {{convert|575|km2|abbr=on}}, was located near Suva. The company's original intention was to develop a cotton farming industry, but the land and climate proved unsuitable.  <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.climatefinder.com/places/NFNA|title=ClimateFinder.com - Nausori, Fiji|website=www.climatefinder.com|access-date=2020-02-04|archive-date=27 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327083858/http://www.climatefinder.com/places/NFNA|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1874, control of the Fiji Islands was ceded to the United Kingdom. In 1877, the [[Place:British Empire|colonial authorities]] decided to move the capital to Suva from Levuka, Ovalau, Lomaiviti, because Levuka's location between a steep mountain and the sea made any expansion of the town impractical. Colonel F. E. Pratt of the Royal Engineers was appointed Surveyor-General in 1875 and designed the new capital in Suva, assisted by W. Stephens and Colonel R. W. Stewart. The transfer to Suva was made official in 1882.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europcar.com.fj/pages/suva|title=Europcar Fiji - Suva|website=www.europcar.com.fj|access-date=2020-02-04|archive-date=27 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327072937/https://www.europcar.com.fj/pages/suva|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1910, Suva acquired the status of a municipality, under the Municipal Constitution Ordinance of 1909. Its area remained one square mile until 1952 when Suva annexed the Muanikau and Samabula wards, expanding its territory to {{convert|13|km2|abbr=on}}. In October of that year, Suva was officially designated a city – Fiji's first. Suva later annexed Tamavua. Most recently, Suva further extended its boundaries by incorporating the Cunningham area at its northern edge. Since then, [[Earth:Urban sprawl|urban sprawl]] has led to the growth of a number of suburbs that remain outside the city limits. Together with the city, they form the metropolitan area known as the Greater Suva Area.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9gKmPQeHBD0C&pg=PA174|title=Saving Small Island Developing States: Environmental and Natural Resource Challenges|last1=Nath|first1=Shyam|last2=Roberts|first2=John L.|last3=Madhoo|first3=Yeti Nisha|publisher=Commonwealth Secretariat|year=2010|isbn=9781849290319|pages=164}}</ref>

Suva hosted the South Pacific Games in 2003 for the third time in the event's 40-year history. In preparation for hosting the event, the Fijian government, with the help of a $16&nbsp;million aid package from the People's Republic of China, funded the construction of a new gymnasium, indoor sports centre, swimming pool, stadium, field hockey pitch, and grandstands in the area around Suva.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patarapacific.com/spg2003 |title=PATARA sponsors South Pacific Games 2003 and provides Information & Communications Technology for a "Smart Games" |work=patarapacific.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804044326/http://www.patarapacific.com/spg2003 |archive-date=4 August 2012 |access-date=12 February 2020}}</ref>

==Geography and physical characteristics==

In addition to being the capital of Fiji, Suva is also its commercial and political centre (though not necessarily its cultural centre), and its main port city. It has a mix of modern buildings and colonial-period architecture. 

Suva is located around a harbour on a hilly peninsula in the southeast corner of Viti Levu Island, between Laucala Bay and Suva Harbour. The mountains to its north and west catch the southeast trade winds, producing year-round moist conditions.

Although Suva is on a peninsula, and almost surrounded by sea, its coast is lined with mangroves - the nearest beach is 40 kilometres (25&nbsp;mi) away, at Pacific Harbour. A significant part of the city centre, including the Parliament buildings, is built on reclaimed mangrove swampland.

===City wards===
Below is a list of the city's five wards,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Narayan |first1=Vidya |title=Rating Appraisal in Fiji Islands – Comparative Study of Unimproved Value and Proposed Improved Capital Value Rating Systems |url=http://www.prres.net/Papers/Narayan_Rating_Appraisal_in_the_Fiji_Islands.pdf |website=Pacific Rim Real Estate Society |page=26 |date=January 2002}}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=August 2023}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Suva City Council |url=http://suvacity.org/ |website=suvacity.org |access-date=30 August 2023}}</ref> beginning with the city centre, followed by the northwesternmost ward, and then in clockwise order:

# Central: city centre; mostly commercial, central business district
# Tamavua: urban; mostly residential
# Extension: semi-urban; residential
# Samabula: urban; residential, industrial, and commercial; has its own separate town centre; includes a university
# Muanikau: urban; mostly industrial and residential; includes large sporting venues, a university, and recreational areas

===Suva–Nausori Corridor===
Suva sits in the middle of a metropolitan area, sometimes known as the Suva Urban Complex, and sometimes informally known as Suva, even though it encompasses a total of four areas with their own town or city names and their own separate local governments. This conurbation stretches from Lami (immediately west of the city of Suva) along the Queens Highway, through Nasinu (immediately east of the city of Suva), to the Rewa River, along the Kings Highway, and then to Nausori across the river. To the north and northeast are the rainforest-park areas of Colo-i-Suva and Sawani, along the Princes Road, which connect at the Rewa River Bridge. This whole area (excluding Lami) is also formally referred to as the Suva–Nausori Corridor. It is the most populous area in Fiji, with over 330,000 inhabitants.

==Climate==
{{climate chart
| Suva
|23.7 |30.6 |315
|23.8 |31.05|286
|23.5 |30.6 |371
|23.0 |28.7 |391
|22.0 |28.3 |267
|21.4 |27.6 |164
|20.4 | 26.5| 142
|20.5 | 26.6|159
|20.9 |27.0 |184
|21.7 |27.8 |234
|22.5 |28.9 |264
|23.2 |29.8 |263
|float=right
|clear=right
}}

Suva has a [[Earth:Tropical rainforest climate|tropical rainforest climate]], according to the [[Earth:Köppen climate classification|Köppen climate classification]] system. But because of its trade winds and occasional [[Physics:Cyclone|cyclone]]s, it is not an equatorial climate. The city sees a copious amount of precipitation throughout the year, with no true dry season; no month has an average rainfall below {{convert|60|mm|0|abbr=on}}. Suva averages {{convert|3000|mm|0|abbr=in}} of precipitation annually. Its driest month, July, averages {{convert|125|mm|2|abbr=on}}. As in many other cities with a tropical rainforest climate, temperatures are relatively constant throughout the year, with an average high of about {{convert|28|°C|0}} and an average low of about {{convert|22|°C|0}}.

Suva has a markedly higher rainfall than Nadi or the western side of Viti Levu (known to Suva inhabitants as "the burning west"). The second governor of Fiji, Sir Arthur Gordon, is said to have remarked that he had never seen it rain anywhere the way it rains in Suva and that there was hardly a day without rain. The most copious rainfall is observed from November to May, while the slightly cooler months from June to October see considerably more moderate rainfall.

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y 
|collapsed = Y
|location = Suva (Laucala Bay) (1991–2020 normals)
|Jan high C = 	31.1
|Feb high C = 	31.5
|Mar high C = 	31.4
|Apr high C = 	30.3
|May high C = 	28.9
|Jun high C = 	27.9
|Jul high C = 	27.1
|Aug high C = 	27.0
|Sep high C = 	27.5
|Oct high C = 	28.5
|Nov high C = 	29.6
|Dec high C = 	30.5
| year high C = 	29.3
|Jan mean C = 27.9
|Feb mean C = 28.1
|Mar mean C = 28.0
|Apr mean C = 27.2
|May mean C = 25.9
|Jun mean C = 25.0
|Jul mean C = 24.2
|Aug mean C = 24.2
|Sep mean C = 24.7
|Oct mean C = 25.6
|Nov mean C = 26.5
|Dec mean C = 27.4
| year mean C = 26.2
|Jan low C = 	24.6
|Feb low C = 	24.6
|Mar low C = 	24.6
|Apr low C = 	24.0
|May low C = 	22.9
|Jun low C = 	22.1
|Jul low C = 	21.3
|Aug low C = 	21.4
|Sep low C = 	21.8
|Oct low C = 	22.7
|Nov low C = 	23.4
|Dec low C = 	24.2
| year low C = 	23.1
|precipitation colour = green	
|Jan precipitation mm = 	342.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 	275.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 	339.7
|Apr precipitation mm = 	335.3
|May precipitation mm = 	232.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 	156.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 	136.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 	144.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 	188.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 	248.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 	247.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 	344.3
| year precipitation mm = 	2991.7
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 	18.7
|Feb precipitation days = 	17.0
|Mar precipitation days = 	19.5
|Apr precipitation days = 	18.1
|May precipitation days = 	15.4
|Jun precipitation days = 	13.3
|Jul precipitation days = 	12.7
|Aug precipitation days = 	12.8
|Sep precipitation days = 	12.9
|Oct precipitation days = 	14.5
|Nov precipitation days = 	14.9
|Dec precipitation days = 	18.0
|year precipitation days = 	187.8
|Jan sun = 186.7
|Feb sun = 178.5
|Mar sun = 179.7
|Apr sun = 151.3
|May sun = 151.0
|Jun sun = 133.0
|Jul sun = 134.6
|Aug sun = 137.2
|Sep sun = 127.8
|Oct sun = 154.7
|Nov sun = 162.3
|Dec sun = 180.0
|year sun = 1876.8
|source 1 = [[Organization:World Meteorological Organization|World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Fiji/CSV/LaucalaBay_91690.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020
| publisher = World Meteorological Organization
| access-date = 19 October 2023}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y 
|collapsed = Y
|location = Suva (Nausori International Airport, 1991–2020 normals)
|Jan record high C = 35.0
|Feb record high C = 36.0
|Mar record high C = 37.0
|Apr record high C = 34.0
|May record high C = 34.0
|Jun record high C = 32.0
|Jul record high C = 32.0
|Aug record high C = 32.0
|Sep record high C = 32.0
|Oct record high C = 34.0
|Nov record high C = 34.0
|Dec record high C = 36.0
|year record high C = 37.0
|Jan high C = 	30.6
|Feb high C = 	31.0
|Mar high C = 	30.9
|Apr high C = 	29.8
|May high C = 	28.3
|Jun high C = 	27.4
|Jul high C = 	26.6
|Aug high C = 	26.4
|Sep high C = 	26.9
|Oct high C = 	27.8
|Nov high C = 	29.0
|Dec high C = 	29.9
| year high C = 	28.7
|Jan mean C = 27.0
|Feb mean C = 27.3
|Mar mean C = 27.2
|Apr mean C = 26.4
|May mean C = 24.9
|Jun mean C = 24.1
|Jul mean C = 23.3
|Aug mean C = 23.2
|Sep mean C = 23.7
|Oct mean C = 24.5
|Nov mean C = 25.6
|Dec mean C = 26.5
| year mean C = 25.3
|Jan low C = 	23.4
|Feb low C = 	23.5
|Mar low C = 	23.5
|Apr low C = 	22.9
|May low C = 	21.4
|Jun low C = 	20.7
|Jul low C = 	19.9
|Aug low C = 	19.9
|Sep low C = 	20.5
|Oct low C = 	21.2
|Nov low C = 	22.1
|Dec low C = 	22.9
| year low C = 	21.8
|precipitation colour = green	
|Jan precipitation mm = 	353.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 	291.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 	351.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 	307.6
|May precipitation mm = 	213.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 	160.6
|Jul precipitation mm = 	131.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 	141.2
|Sep precipitation mm = 	173.4
|Oct precipitation mm = 	241.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 	239.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 	336.0
| year precipitation mm = 	2940.4
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 	19.2
|Feb precipitation days = 	17.6
|Mar precipitation days = 	19.3
|Apr precipitation days = 	17.7
|May precipitation days = 	15.5
|Jun precipitation days = 	13.4
|Jul precipitation days = 	12.0
|Aug precipitation days = 	12.7
|Sep precipitation days = 	12.6
|Oct precipitation days = 	14.6
|Nov precipitation days = 	14.7
|Dec precipitation days = 	18.2
|year precipitation days = 	187.5
|source 1 = [[Organization:World Meteorological Organization|World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name=>{{cite web
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Fiji/CSV/NausoriAirport_91683.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020
| publisher = World Meteorological Organization
| access-date = 19 October 2023}}</ref>
|source 2 = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.met.gov.fj/ClimateofFiji.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124132441/http://www.met.gov.fj/ClimateofFiji.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-24 |url-status=live
|title= Climate of Fiji - 2018
|publisher = Fiji Meteorological Service
|access-date= 13 October 2022}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
[[File:Suva, Fiji 52.jpg|thumb|People in Suva]]
Suva is a multiracial and multicultural city. Indigenous Fijians and Indo-Fijians, the two principal ethnic groups of Fiji, comprise the bulk of Suva's population, and the city is home to most of Fiji's ethnic minority populations, which include Rotumans, Lauans, Rambians, Europeans (known as ''Kaivalagi''), part-Europeans (of European and Fijian descent, known as “Kailoma") and Chinese, among others. The most widely spoken language is English, but Fijian, Hindustani, and other languages are also spoken by their respective communities.

Suva's inhabitants are representative of all the major indigenous Pacific groups: it is sometimes referred to as the “{{wipe|New York City}} of the Pacific". The city has a reputation as a major economic centre in the region and is the site of University of the South Pacific's main campus. This has led to an influx of Pacific migrants, who study, work, and live in the city and its boroughs. 
{| rules="all" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" style="margin:auto; border:1px solid #999; border-right:2px solid #999; border-bottom:2px solid #999; background:#f3fff3;"
|-
! !! 1986!! 1996!! 2007 !! 2017
|-
| align=center| '''Suva City''' || align=center| 141,273 || align=center| 167,975 || align=center| 85,691 || align=center| 93,970
|-
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;"| <small>Official figures from population censuses</small>
|}

==Municipal government==

Suva has municipal status and, until 2009, was governed by a [[Social:Mayor|lord mayor]] and a 20-member city council. The Suva City Council was the municipal law-making body of the city of Suva, Fiji's capital. It consisted of 20 councillors, elected for three-year terms from four multi-member constituencies, called wards. Councillors were elected by residents, landowners, and representatives of corporations owning or occupying taxable property in Suva councillors in turn elect, from among their own members, a lord mayor and deputy lord mayor, who served one-year terms and were eligible for re-election.

However, in 2009, the military-backed interim Fijian government dismissed all municipal government officials throughout Fiji and appointed special administrators to run the urban areas. {{As of|2015}}, elected municipal government had not been restored. The special administrator of Suva, along with nearby Nasinu, is Chandu Umaria, a former lord mayor of Suva.<ref name="RNZI_44529">{{cite news |url=http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=44529 |title=Ba ex-mayor says Fiji municipal reform was expected |date=2 February 2009 |work=Radio New Zealand International |access-date=15 November 2011 |archive-date=28 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728114837/http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=44529 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Landmarks==
[[File:Carnegie Library Suva MatthiasSuessen-8049.jpg|thumb|Suva City Carnegie Library]]
[[File:Fiji Parliament House1.jpg|thumb|Parliament House]]
[[File:Clock Tower Suva MatthiasSuessen-8428.jpg|thumb|Thurston Gardens, Suva]]

A well-known landmark is the Suva City Carnegie Library, which was built in 1909. It is one of many colonial-period buildings in the city. 

Another landmark is Suva's governmental building complex. It sits on what was once the flowing waters of a creek. In 1935, the creek was drained, and the complex's foundations were created by driving more than five kilometres of reinforced concrete pilings into its bed. The foundation stone was laid in 1937, the building complex was completed in 1939, and a new wing was completed in 1967. However, in 1992, the seat of Fiji's parliament was moved out of that complex and into a new one on Ratu Sukuna Road.

Government House was formerly the residence of Fiji's [[Place:British Empire|colonial]] governors and, after Fijian independence in 1970, governors-general. Today, it is the official residence of Fiji's president. The original house on the site was built in 1882, but a fire caused by a lightning strike destroyed it in 1921. It was rebuilt in 1928. 

The Suva campus of the University of the South Pacific (USP) occupies what was originally a New Zealand military base. It is the largest of the many USP campuses dotted throughout the South Pacific. USP is the largest university in the Pacific Islands outside Hawaii, and its courses are internationally recognised and endorsed.

The Fiji Museum, now located in Thurston Gardens, was founded in 1904, and originally occupied the old town hall. It was moved to its present location in 1954. The museum houses the most extensive collection of Fijian artifacts in the world, and is also a research and educational institution, specialising in archaeology, the preservation of Fiji's oral tradition, and the publication of material on Fiji's language and culture.

Suva has about 78 parks. The new Takashi Suzuki Garden, in Apted Park at Suva Point, is a popular spot for viewing sunrise and sunset. Thurston Gardens, which opened in 1913, features flora from throughout the South Pacific. 

Suva has many shopping and retail areas, notably Cumming Street, which has been a vibrant and colourful shopping area since colonial times. The Cumming Street area features original colonial buildings and narrow roads. Suva also has modern shopping malls, such as the Suva Central Shopping Mall, the Mid-City Mall, and MHCC, along with other developments give much of the city a modern and sophisticated look.

TappooCity is Fiji's largest shopping mall, and the largest in the South Pacific outside of Australia and New Zealand. This low-rise (six-storey) building was constructed in December 2009 in a joint venture by FNPF and the Tappoo Group of Companies. It is valued at US$25.7&nbsp;million (FJD50&nbsp;million). {{cn|date=November 2021}}

Construction work began in January 2011 for a FJD30&nbsp;-million mini-mall complex at Grantham Road, behind the Sports-City Complex and close to the Suva campus of the University of the South Pacific. It was scheduled to be completed in 2012, and to house restaurants, retail outlets, and cinemas.<ref>{{cite web |title=Construction works for a $30 million complex that will include a cinema has begun in Suva |url=https://fijisun.com.fj/main_page/view.asp?id=51605 |website=fijisun |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723094242/https://fijisun.com.fj/main_page/view.asp?id=51605 |archive-date=2011-07-23}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:Suva Harbour.jpg|thumb|Suva Harbor]]

Unlike most cities and towns in Fiji, and many around the world, Suva did not grow up around a single industry. It has gradually developed to become the largest and most sophisticated city in the Pacific Islands, and a regional hub.  Fijians of Indian descent have largely shaped the economy of Fiji, contributing immensely to the growth of Suva and to its status as the economic and political capital of Fiji. Suva is the commercial center of Fiji: Most international banks have their Pacific headquarters here, including ANZ and the [[Company:Westpac|Westpac]]. In addition, most Fijian financial institutions, non-governmental organisations, and government ministries and departments are headquartered here. At one point, both Air Pacific<ref>"World Airline Survey." ''FlightGlobal''. 10 April 1969. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1969/1969%20-%200629.html?search=%22Air%20Micronesia%22 557] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229182626/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1969/1969 |date=29 December 2018 }}.</ref> (now [[Biology:Fiji Airways|Fiji Airways]]) and Air Fiji<ref>''World Airline Directory''. Flight International. 16–22 March 2004. "[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%200065.html 63] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021115654/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%200065.html |date=21 October 2012 }}." "185 Victoria Parade, Suva, Fiji."</ref> were headquartered in Suva.

A large part of Fiji's international shipping, as well as the docking of international cruise ships, takes place at Suva's Kings Wharf. This has led to the growth of Suva's tourism industry.

The largest of Suva's several industrial areas is Walu Bay, which is home to factories, warehouses, import-export companies, shipyards, container yards, a brewery, and many printeries. Other notable industrial areas are Vatuwaqa, Raiwaqa, and Laucala Beach.

Suva boasts many thriving markets and shopping complexes. Among the most popular areas for shopping and commerce are Cumming Street and Victoria Parade.

==Institutions==
[[File:Gouvernment Building Suva MatthiasSuessen-8442.jpg|thumb| Government Buildings, Suva CBD]]
[[File:Presidential Pallace Suva MatthiasSuessen-8769.jpg|thumb|Government House – The Presidential Residence]]

Suva is host to more international and regional intergovernmental agencies and NGOs than any other Pacific Island capital. Some of the bodies with a presence in Suva are:

*The TRAFFIC Oceania South Pacific Programme – funded by the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, is in Suva, in the offices of the WWF South Pacific Programme. The programme assists in the implementation of [[Biology:CITES|CITES]] and strengthens collaboration with the [[Organization:World Wide Fund for Nature|World Wide Fund for Nature]].
*The Fiji School of Medicine – which is now classed as a regional agency and a member of the Council of Regional Organisations in the Pacific.
*The University of Fiji.
*The Fiji School of Nursing.
*The University of the South Pacific which operates a campus in Suva as well as at other South Pacific locations.
*The Fiji National University which is a major polytechnic in Fiji and caters to students from many small Pacific Island nations. It has centres in other Fiji towns of Nadi, Ba and Labasa.
*The Fiji College of Advanced Learning.
*TPAF (The Training and Productivity Authority of Fiji).
*The Pacific Community (SPC).
*The Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat.
*The [[Organization:South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission|South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission]] (SOPAC).
*St John's Theological College, Suva.
* The Pacific Regional Seminary (PRS).
* The Pacific Theological College (PTC).
*Femmus School of Hospitality.
*Yat Sen School.
*Alliance Française.
*Greenpeace Pacific.
*UNDP Headquarters (Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands, Palau, Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, Kiribati, Niue, Nauru).
*Asian Development Bank Headquarters Pacific
*[[Organization:World Bank|World Bank]] Headquarters

==Entertainment and culture==
[[File:Suva, Fiji 91.jpg|thumb|Canal and shopping area]]
Suva is the cultural and entertainment capital of Oceania and is host to many regional, national, and local events. The city has a very developed and advanced entertainment and event infrastructure and hosts a busy calendar of events every year.

===Venues===
Suva has many multipurpose venues, the main ones being the Vodafone Arena, which can seat up to 5,000 people, the HFC Bank Stadium, which can seat up to 30,000 people, the FMF National Gymnasium Suva, which can seat up to 2,000 people, and the Civic Auditorium, which can seat up to 1,000 people.

===Parks and gardens===
[[File:USP Bure MatthiasSuessen-8729.jpg|thumb|Albert Park]]
[[File:Suva, Fiji 49.jpg|thumb|Canal in the city centre]]
Suva has a number of parks and a few gardens. Albert Park, in the City centre, is famous as the stage for many national-historical events such as the Independence of Fiji, the landing by Kingsford Smith on the Southern Cross and many parades and carnivals. Sukuna Park, also in the CBD is a popular recreational park and has many performances and events on a weekly basis. Thurston Gardens (named for Governor of Fiji John Bates Thurston) is the city's main botanical garden and the location of the Fiji Museum. Queen Elizabeth Drive is popular as a scenic walk along Suva's foreshore. Many city residents go to the Colo-i-Suva Forest Reserve, a short drive from the city centre, to swim under the [[Earth:Waterfall|waterfall]]s.

===Music===
Many concerts are held in Suva, some coming from other countries to enjoy world-class performances. Concerts and shows are usually staged at one of the above-mentioned venues on a monthly basis. Some of the famous music artists to hold shows in Suva include UB40, Lucky Dube, O'Yaba, Sean Kingston and many others. Due to a favoured interest in Bollywood by all, some prominent singers and actors have held shows in the capital which include singers like Shaan, Sonu Nigam, Sunidhi Chauhan and movie artists like Shah Rukh Khan,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seasonsindia.com/cinemascope/specInterviewSea.jsp |title=Interviews with Bollywood Actors & Actresses |publisher=Seasons India |date=24 March 2004 |access-date=10 October 2012 |archive-date=30 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630114612/http://www.seasonsindia.com/cinemascope/specInterviewSea.jsp |url-status=live }}</ref> Priyanka Chopra,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liveindia.com/priyanka/newsj.html |title=Priyanka Chopra's Fiji Tour |publisher=Liveindia.com |access-date=10 October 2012 |archive-date=5 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305061917/http://www.liveindia.com/priyanka/newsj.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Johnny Lever, Dino Morea, Rajpal Yadav, Sunny Leone and the like.

===Food===
Suva offers a varied and interesting culinary experience where almost every if not all major cuisines are represented. Particularly popular cuisines are Fijian, Indian, Chinese, American and foods from other cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Fijians of Indian descent have influenced Fiji's cuisine, in the process creating the uniquely Fiji Indian curry. Indentured labourers brought with them spices, chilies, and other herbs and vegetables which now are part of the Fijian culinary experience.

===Festivals===
During the course of the year, arts, music and trade festivals are held in Suva, albeit on a small scale. There are a few large and notable festivals that occur annually and these include the Hibiscus Festival (largest carnival in the South Pacific islands), the New Years Street Party, and the Fiji Show Case tradeshow that includes carnival rides, food as well as magic and circus performances.

===Night life===
Suva has a vibrant nightlife where most nightclubs and bars open in the late afternoon and remain open until 5&nbsp;am. Suva's nightlife caters to all tastes, moods, and likes. Food stalls are open throughout the night and the city is well-policed at night. Apart from nightclubs, there are lounges and bars that cater to those seeking low-key entertainment.

The seedier side of Suva is Victoria Parade where nightclubs such as Signals Night Club, East Court Restaurant, and Angel Night Club are located in the same stretch.

===Cinema===
Downtown Suva has one main cinema complex, Village Six, owned by the Damodar Brothers. The Regal and Phoenix theatres, once prominent cinema/theatre haunts before the new millennium owned by the Sharan Brothers, have since closed down. A second cinema complex is the Damodar City Complex, in the shopping area of Laucala Bay, which has a further six screens, along with shopping and eating outlets and cafes.

Another interesting feature of Suva is the increasing number of Bollywood films being shot in the capital.

===Sports===
[[fILE:ANZ Stadium Fiji.jpg|thumb|HFC Bank Stadium]]
Suva plays host to many regional and national sporting events, most notably at the HFC Bank Stadium. A special highlight is the Coca-Cola Games, the largest secondary school athletics meet in the world. The Capital City is represented in major sporting events by its respective rugby, netball and football teams.

Suva was the host of the first Pacific Games, in 1963. Forty years later in 2003 the Games returned to Fiji's capital, with a full program of 32 sports introduced for the first time. Suva held the games for the second time in 1979. Having hosted the event three times, Suva has held the Pacific Games more often than any other city.

===Mass media===
[[File:FBC Suva MatthiasSuessen-8431.jpg|thumb|FBC TV building]]
[[File:Fiji Times Suva MatthiasSuessen-8438.jpg|thumb|left|''Fiji Times'' building]]
Headquartered in Suva are the three main national television stations, Fiji One, FBC TV and MAI TV along with the Fiji Ministry of Information, which produces government programs as well as national news and current affairs bulletins. Fiji One produces and airs its evening 'National News' bulletin from its studios in Gladstone Road in Central; FBC TV airs its 'FBC News' bulletin from its studios, also on Gladstone Road. Sky Pacific and Pacific Broadcasting Services Fiji are the two pay satellite television company headquartered here.

Suva is home to the national radio broadcasters Fiji Broadcasting Corporation (FBC) and Communications Fiji Limited (CFL), between them providing 12 national radio stations.

The two dailies, ''The Fiji Times'' and ''The Fiji Sun'' are printed here (and, formerly, the ''Fiji Post''). Many other weekly newspapers are headquartered and published in Suva, including ''Inside Fiji'', ''Nai Lalakai'' (iTaukei language weekly), ''Shanti Dut'' (Fiji Hindi weekly), national magazines such as ''Repúblika'' and ''Mai Life'' as well as regional magazines such as ''Islands Business''.

===Shopping and fashion===
[[File:Tappoo Suva MatthiasSuessen-8178.jpg|thumb|Tappoo City shopping centre]]
Suva is one of the most shopper-friendly cities in the Pacific. The city offers its shops in a cluster that is referred to as Suva Central. Areas like Cumming Street and Marks Street are for clothing, jewellery, food, electronics, pharmaceuticals and more. Terry Walk and the Flea Market offer handicrafts and local ware. Close by, huge, new shopping complexes dominate the canal area, such as MHCC (Morris Hedstrom City Center), Tappoo City and Suva Central. There are telecommunication and electronic stores, as well as sporting gear stores in the outer areas of this radius. 

Suva also hosts the headquarters of the Fashion Council of Fiji, the region's most significant fashion organisation. The Fijian Fashion Festival, the region's largest trade and consumer fashion platform, occurs annually at the Grand Pacific Hotel in Suva.

==Transportation==
[[File:Suva bus.jpg|thumb|Bus Route 20]]
[[File:Guard Suva MatthiasSuessen-8368.jpg|thumb| Holy Trinity Anglican Cathedral, Gordon Street, Suva]]
Nausori International Airport caters mainly to the domestic market, connecting Suva with Fiji's other international airport, Nadi International Airport. [[Biology:Fiji Airways|Fiji Airways]] operates a sole flight to Sydney, with the main operator out of the airport being Fiji Link. Fiji Link provides services to domestic locations within Fiji such as Savusavu and [[Biology:Rotuma Airport|Rotuma]].

Suva has a public transport system consisting of buses (Central Transport Co.) and taxis servicing the metropolitan area as well as the cities of Nasinu, Nausori, and Lami town. There are bus services connecting Suva with other towns and cities on Viti Levu by way of either the Kings, Queens, or Princes highways, all originating within Suva, although the latter terminates at Rewa Bridge in Nausori.

There is a domestic ferry service from the Princess Wharf to the outer islands of Fiji as well as Vanua Levu. International ships and cruise liners dock at Suva's Kings Wharf.

==Notable residents ==
This is a list of famous people who are either living in, or are originally from Suva.

*Petero Civoniceva (born in Suva), Australian rugby league player
*Noor Dean, a Fiji Indian lawyer and politician, Suva City Council, and House of Representatives
*Josua Koroibulu, plays rugby league for the Fiji national rugby league team
*Nalini Krishan, ''Star Wars'' film actress
*Craig Parker, New Zealand actor
*Paulini (born in Suva), Australian singer and songwriter
*Semi Radradra, Parramatta Eels player and plays for the Fiji national rugby league team
*Waisale Serevi, Fiji Rugby Team
*Devanesh Sharma, leading Suva lawyer and former President of the Fiji Law Society
*Jimmy Snuka, professional wrestler between 1968 and 2015
*Sitiveni Sivivatu, All Black Chiefs (Super rugby franchise)
*Semi Tadulala, plays rugby union for Gloucester Rugby in England and Fiji in rugby union previously a professional rugby league footballer for Melbourne Storm, Bradford Bulls and the Fiji national rugby league team
*Lote Tuqiri, played rugby union for the Australian national rugby union team
*Tarisi Vunidilo, Fijian archaeologist and curator
*Marques Whippy, professional basketball player<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxsportspulse.com/assoc_page.cgi?client=2-1042-0-0-0&sID=13074&&news_task=DETAIL&articleID=32333|title=Marques Whippy – Fiji – Oceania All-Stars Tour – SportsTG|website=SportsTG|access-date=30 May 2015|archive-date=30 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530205534/http://www.foxsportspulse.com/assoc_page.cgi?client=2-1042-0-0-0&sID=13074&&news_task=DETAIL&articleID=32333|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Twin towns – sister cities==
Suva is twinned with:<ref>{{cite web|title=Sister Cities|url=http://suvacity.org/sister-cities/|website=suvacity.org|publisher=Suva|access-date=2020-07-20|archive-date=21 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421162820/http://suvacity.org/sister-cities/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sister-city relation to enhance trade|url=https://fijisun.com.fj/2012/12/12/sister-city-relation-to-enhance-trade/|website=fijisun.com.fj|publisher=Fiji Sun|date=2012-12-12|access-date=2020-07-20|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720113309/https://fijisun.com.fj/2012/12/12/sister-city-relation-to-enhance-trade/|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* {{flagicon|China}} Beihai, China
* {{flagicon|Australia}} Brighton, Australia
* {{flagicon|China}} Guangdong, China
* {{flagicon|Australia}} Frankston, Australia<ref>{{cite web |title=Suva Fiji |url=https://www.frankston.vic.gov.au/Council/Governance-and-transparency/Sister-Cities/Suva-Fiji |website=Frankston City Council |access-date=30 August 2023}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Place:Port Moresby|Port Moresby]], Papua New Guinea
* {{flagicon|China}} Shaoxing, China
* {{flagicon|South Korea}} Yongsan, Seoul, South Korea
{{div col end}}
* {{flagicon|Philippines}} Virac, Catanduanes, {{wipe|Philippines}}

==See also==

* 1953 Suva earthquake

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
*''Fiji'', by Korina Miller, Robyn Jones, Leonardo Pinheiro – Travel – 2003, published by Lonely Planet, pages 139–141, ''details on Suva City.''
*''The Suva City Library'': A Brief History and Development, 1909–1980, by S Baksh – 1980
*''Pluralism and Social Change in Suva City'', Fiji, by Alexander Mamak – 1974, Thesis/dissertation; Ethnology (Fiji, Suva City); Suva City, Fiji Islands (Social conditions)
*''A History of the Pacific Islands'': Passages Through Tropical Time – Page 162, by Deryck Scarr 2001 – 323 pages.
*''Frommer's South Pacific'', by Bill Goodwin – Travel – 2004, pages 258–263

== External links ==
*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Suva}}
*[http://www.suvacity.org/ Suva City Council (official website)]

{{Coord|18.1416|S|178.4419|E|region:FJ_type:city(77000)|display=title}}

[[Category:Capitals in Oceania]]
[[Category:Port cities in Oceania]]

{{Sourceattribution|Suva}}