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'''Prince-Primate''' ({{lang-de|'''Fürstprimas'''}}, {{lang-hu|'''hercegprímás'''}}) is a rare [[Social:Prince|prince]]ly title held by individual (prince-)archbishops of specific sees in a presiding capacity in an august assembly of mainly secular princes, notably the following:

==Germany - Confederation of the Rhine==
The ''{{lang|de|Rheinbund}}'' or 'Confederation of the Rhine' was founded in 1806, when several German states seceded from the [[Religion:Holy Roman Empire|Holy Roman Empire]] and allied themselves with Emperor Napoleon of France, who assumed the position of a [[Religion:Protector (title)|protector]] of the Confederation. Its highest office was held by {{lang|de|Karl Theodor von Dalberg}}, first Archbishop of Mainz and then of Regensburg. He had been the first among the princes of the Holy Roman Empire and styled its [[Religion:Archchancellor|Archchancellor]], and as such was given the first rank among the princes of the new Confederation and the title of ''{{lang|de|Fürstprimas}}'', 'Prince Primate'. As such he presided over the ''College of Kings'' and the ''{{lang|de|Diet}} of the Confederation'', a senate-like assembly which never actually assembled.

During his term as Prince Primate, Dalberg was Archbishop of Regensburg (in Bavaria) and at first ''{{lang|de|Fürst}}'' (ruling Prince) of Aschaffenburg. Since September 19, 1806 his territories included the former {{lang|de|Reichsstadt}} and on February 16, 1810 Dalberg was promoted to the strictly secular rank of Grand Duke of Frankfurt, in chief of another former {{lang|de|Reichsstadt}} (on the lower Main, enclaved in the Electorate of Mainz, now in Hessen). At the same time, Napoleon appointed his stepson {{lang|fr|Eugène de Beauharnais}} — excluded from the French imperial succession — as heir to the Grand Duchy.

At the eve of the collapse of the Napoleonic Empire, Dalberg resigned his secular positions and Beauharnais succeeded him as Grand Duke, though this had no practical effect, as the dissolution of the Confederation (carved up into a revised set of monarchies) also rendered the position moot.

==Hungary==
In virtue of his dignity as [[Religion:Primate (bishop)|Primate]] of the Habsburg dynasty's Apostolic [[History:Kingdom of Hungary|Kingdom of Hungary]], the Archbishop of Esztergom enjoyed extraordinary privileges, resulting in his being titled '''Prince Primate'''.

The [[Religion:Primate (bishop)|primate]] was entitled to hold national synods, was [[Religion:Papal legate#Legatus Natus|{{lang|la|Legatus Natus|nocat=y}} of the Holy Roman Church]], and therefore had the right, inside of his legation (territory where he represented the [[Religion:Pope|Pope]]), to have the cross carried before him, dealt directly with [[Place:Rome|Rome]] and had the right of [[Religion:Canonical visitation|visitation]] in the [[Religion:Episcopal see|episcopal see]]s and the religious houses in Hungary, except the exempt Archabbey of Pannonhalma (S. Martinus in Monte Pannoniæ).

Since 1715 the primate had also been a ''{{lang|de|Reichsfürst}}'', a ruling Prince of the [[Religion:Holy Roman Empire|Holy Roman Empire]], entitled ''Prince Primate''. He was the chief and privy chancellor of the Hungarian kingdom, and thus keeper of the great seal. Formerly he was also a member of the supreme court, and still earlier  governor, viceroy and ''{{lang|hu|Erbobergespan}}'' ('hereditary' Chief Count) of Gran. To the primate also belonged the right (delegated regalia) to superintend the royal mint at Kremnica ({{lang-de|Kremnitz}}, {{lang-hu|Körmöcbánya}}), for which he received a significant sum from its [[Finance:Seigniorage|seigniorage]] revenues, called ''{{lang|la|jus piseti}}'' ('right of'). By ancient custom, he had the right to crown the King of Hungary and anoint the queen. By a gift of archiepiscopal property he was at one time able to confer nobility (''{{lang|de|Prädialadel}}''), another rarely delegated princely prerogative (usually only knighting was allowed to non-sovereign nobility). Another privilege was his right to take an oath before a court of justice through his deputy, and not personally.

The [[Religion:Primate (bishop)|primate]] was also chief priest and chancellor of the Hungarian national Order of St. Stephen, established in 1764. As first banneret (''{{lang|la|baro regni}}'') of Hungary, he was a Magnate, i.e. member of the Upper House.

==References==
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{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{Catholic}}
* Westermann, ''{{lang|de|Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte}}'' (in German)
* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/German_States2.html WorldStatesmen - here Frankfurt, see also other parties mentioned]

[[Category:Ecclesiastical titles]]

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