View source for Religion:Tabi‘un

{{islam}}
The '''Tābi‘un'''  ({{lang-ar|التابعون}}, also '''Tābi‘een''' {{lang|ar|التابعين}}, singular ''tābi'' {{lang|ar|التابع}}), "followers" or "successors", are the generation of [[Religion:Muslim|Muslim]]s who followed the ''Sahaba'' ("companions" of the [[Religion:Islam|Islam]]ic prophet [[Biography:Muhammad|Muhammad]]),  and thus received Muhammad's teachings second hand.<ref name="Glasse-NEI-443">{{cite book|last1=Glasse|first1=Cyril|title=The New Encyclopedia of Islam|date=2001|publisher=Altamira|isbn=0-7591-0189-2|page=443}}</ref> A Tabi knew at least one ''Sahaba''.<ref name="ODI-301">{{cite book|last1=Esposito|first1=John L.|title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|date=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=301|accessdate=4 May 2018}}</ref> As such, they played an important part in the development of [[Religion:Islam|Islam]]ic thought and philosophy, and in the political development of the early [[Religion:Caliphate|caliphate]].
The next generation of Muslims after the ''Tabi'un'' are called ''[[Religion:Tabi‘ al-Tabi‘in|Tabi‘ al-Tabi‘in]]''. The three generations make up the ''[[Religion:Salaf|salaf]]'' of Islam.

==Sunni definition==
Muslims from the Sunni branch of [[Religion:Islam|Islam]] define a ''Tâbi`î'' as a Muslim who:
# Saw at least one of the companions of Muhammad.
# Was rightly guided (according to the Sunni, one who adheres to the beliefs and actions of the Ahlus Sunnah wal-Jama'ah). 
# One who died in that state. The Khawarij are therefore not referred to as ''Tabi‘un'' even though they saw many of Muhammad's companions.

Sunni Muslims also regard the Tabi‘un as the best generation after the Sahabah. According to Sunni Muslims, Muhammad said: "The best people are those living in my generation, then those coming after them, and then those coming after (the second generation)" [http://www.usc.edu/schools/college/crcc/engagement/resources/texts/muslim/hadith/bukhari/048.sbt.html#003.048.819].

The Tabi'un are divided by most Muslim scholars into three classes:<ref name="Hadith Literature">{{cite book|last=Siddiqi|first=Muhammad|title=Hadith Literature|url= https://asimiqbal2nd.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/hadithliterature1of2.pdf|year=1993|publisher=The Islamic Texts Society|location=Oxford|isbn=0946621381|pages=29}}</ref> 
# The students of Sahaba who accepted Islam before the conquest of Makkah
# The students of Sahaba who accepted Islam after the conquest of Makkah
# The students of Sahaba who were not yet adults at the time of Muhammad's passing

==List of Tabi‘un==
The earliest of the Tabi'un to die was Zayd ibn Ma'mar ibn Zayd, 30 years after the hijra, and the last to die was Khalaf ibn Khalifa, who died in 180 A.H. Alternatively, since the status of Khalaf ibn Khalifa as a Tabee is strongly challenged by reputed scholars, the last to die from amongst them may have been Jarir bin Haazim (died 170 A.H.).Therefore, many of the Tabi'un were tasked with the preservation of Islamic traditions from the era of the Sahaba to later Muslims.<ref name="Hadith Literature" />

* Abd-Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah
* Abu Muslim al-Khawlani
* Ahnaf ibn Qais<ref>MSA</ref>
* Alqama ibn Qays
* Ata ibn Abi Rabah (d. 106 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/>
* Hammam ibn Munabbih
* Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (d. 100 A.H.)
* Al-Hassan al-Basri (21 - 110 A.H.)
* Ibn Jurayj
* Ibn Kathir al-Makki
* Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (d. 124 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/>
* Ibn Sirin
* Ja'far al-Sadiq
* Malik Deenar
* Masruq ibn al-Ajda' (d. 103 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/> 
* Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
<!-- *Muhammad ibn Ja'far -->
* Mujahid ibn Jabr
* Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr (d. 103 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/><!-- Not the son of Muhammad and Khadija !! -->
<!-- *Rabi'at al-Ra'i (d. 136 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/> -->
* Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab (d. 93 A.H.)<ref name="MSA">[http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/law/alalwani_usulalfiqh/ch3.html USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715053146/http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/law/alalwani_usulalfiqh/ch3.html |date=2006-07-15 }}</ref>
<!-- *Salim<ref name="MSA"/> ??? -->
* Salim ibn Abd-Allah
* [[Religion:Shaikh Habib Al-Raee|Shaikh Habib Al-Raee]]<ref name="Abu Haleem Habib bin Saleem Al-Raee">{{cite book|author=Hazrat Ali bin Usman Al-Hujwiri|title=The Kashf Al-Mahjub:A Persian Treatise on Sufism|url= http://www.apnaorg.com/books/english/kashf-english/book.php?fldr=book|year=2001|publisher=Zia-ul-Quran Publications Lahore Pakistan|others=Justice Karam Shah}}</ref>
* Tawus Ibn Kaysan 
* Ubayd-Allah ibn Abd-Allah (d. 98 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/>
* Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz
* Urwah ibn al-Zubayr (d. 94 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/>
* [[Biography:Uwais al-Qarani|Uwais al-Qarani]]
* Wuhayb ibn al-Ward
*Yahya ibn Sa'd (d. 143 A.H.)'<ref name="MSA"/>
<!-- *Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan (d. 634 [[Common Era|C.E.]]) Sahaba or Tabi'un ??? -->
* Zayd ibn Ali (d. 740 [[Common Era|C.E.]] (122 A.H. ?))
<!--* Zayd ibn Aslam (d. 136 A.H.)<ref name="MSA"/> -->

===Disputed===
* [[Biography:Abu Hanifa|Abu Hanifa]] (d. 150 A.H.)<ref name="MASUD.CO.UK">[http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/misc/abu_hanifa.htm Upholding the Opinion that Imam Abu Hanifa was One of the Tabi`in]</ref>
* Khalaf ibn Khalifa

== See also ==
*[[Religion:Salaf|Salaf]]
*Sahaba
*List of Sahaba
*Taba al-Tabi‘in

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tabi'un}}
[[Category:Islamic terminology]]

{{Sourceattribution|Tabi‘un|1}}