View source for Social:2009 in public domain

{{Short description|Overview of works entering public domain}}
When a work's [[Copyright|copyright]] expires, it enters the '''[[Social:Public domain|public domain]]'''. The following is a '''list of works that entered the public domain in 2009'''. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform.

==Entered the public domain in countries with life + 70 years==
With the exception of {{wipe|Belarus}} (Life + 50 years) and {{wipe|Spain}} (Life + 80 years for creators that died before 1987), a work enters the [[Social:Public domain|public domain]] in Europe 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/publishing/eu-extends-copyright-term-to-70-years-1005348552.story |title=EU Extends Copyright Term To 70 Years &#124; Billboard |publisher=Billboard.biz |date=2011-09-12 |accessdate=2014-01-07 |archive-date=2013-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130106035644/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/publishing/eu-extends-copyright-term-to-70-years-1005348552.story |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="EU">[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32006L0116:EN:NOT Directive 2006/116/EC]</ref> The list is sorted alphabetically and includes a notable work of the creator that entered the public domain on January 1, 2009.

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="border-spacing:0; style="width:100%;"
! Names
! Country
! Birth
! Death
! Occupation
! Notable work
|-
| Lascelles Abercrombie
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} 
| {{dts|1881|01|09|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|10|27|format=dmy}}
|  literary critic, poet. 
| ''An Essay Towards a Theory of Art'', ''Poetry, Its Music and Meaning''
|-
| Karel Čapek
| {{flag|Czech Republic}} 
| {{dts|1890|01|09|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|12|25|format=dmy}}
|  science fiction writer, playwright
| ''R.U.R.'' (''Rossum's Universal Robots''), ''War with the Newts ''
|-
| Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
| {{flag|India}} 
| {{dts|1876|09|15|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|01|16|format=dmy}}
|  short story writer, novelist.
| ''Parineeta'', ''Devdas''
|-
| Afonso Celso de Assis Figueiredo Júnior
| {{flag|Brazil}} 
| {{dts|1860|03|31|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|07|11|format=dmy}}
| educator, poet and historian
| Works
|-
|Émile Cohl
|{{flag|France}} 
|{{dts|1857|01|04|format=dmy}}
|{{dts|1938|01|20|format=dmy}}
|Caricaturist, cartoonist and animator
|
|-
| Gabriele D'Annunzio
| {{flag|Italy}} 
| {{dts|1863|03|12|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|03|01|format=dmy}}
|  novelist, playwright, poet.
| ''Il Piacere'' (''Pleasure''), ''The Intruder'', ''Il trionfo della morte'' (''Triumph of Death'')
|-
| Ovid Densusianu
| {{flag|Romania}} 
| {{dts|1873|12|29|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|06|09|format=dmy}}
| folklorist, linguist, literary historian, philologist, poet. 
| ''Istoria literaturii române'', ''Histoire de la langue roumaine''
|-
| Paola Drigo
| {{flag|Italy}} 
| {{dts|1876|01|04|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|01|04|format=dmy}}
|  short story writer, novelist.
| ''Fine d'anno'', ''Maria Zef''
|-
| James Forbes
| {{flag|Canada}} 
| {{dts|1871|09|02|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|05|26|format=dmy}}
|  playwright, screenwriter. 
| ''The Chorus Lady'', ''The Famous Mrs. Fair''
|-
| Robert Herrick
| {{flag|United States}} 
| {{dts|1868|04|21|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|12|23|format=dmy}}
|  novelist. 
| ''Web of Life''
|-
| James Weldon Johnson
| {{flag|United States}} 
| {{dts|1876|06|17|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|06|26|format=dmy}}
|  anthologist, novelist, poet. 
| "Lift Every Voice and Sing", ''The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man''
|-
| Willem Kloos
| {{flag|Netherlands}} 
| {{dts|1859|05|06|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|03|31|format=dmy}}
|  literary critic, poet. 
| editor of ''De Nieuwe Gids'' (''The New Guide'')
|-
| E. V. Lucas
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} 
| {{dts|1868|06|11|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|06|26|format=dmy}}
|  biographer, essayist, humorist, novelist, playwright, poet, short story writer. 
| ''What a Life!'' 
|-
| Osip Mandelstam
| {{flag|Russia}} 
| {{dts|1891|01|14|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|12|27|format=dmy}}
|  poet.
| ''Puteshestviye v Armeniyu'' (''Journey to Armenia''), ''Razgovor o Dante'' (''Conversation about Dante'')
|-
|Georges Méliès
|{{flag|France}} 
|{{dts|1861|12|08|format=dmy}}
|{{dts|1938|01|21|format=dmy}}
|Film director
|''A Trip to the Moon'', ''The Impossible Voyage'', ''The Merry Frolics of Satan'' and ''The Conquest of the Pole''
|-
| Migjeni
| {{flag|Albania}} 
| {{dts|1911|10|13|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|08|26|format=dmy}}
|  poet.
| ''Trajtat e Mbinjeriut'' (''The shape of the Superman''), ''Kanga skandaloze'' (''Scandalous song'')
|-
| Lady Ottoline Morrell
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} 
| {{dts|1873|06|16|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|04|21|format=dmy}}
|  memoirist, patron of the arts.
| two volumes of memoirs
|-
| Momčilo Nastasijević
| {{flag|Serbia}}
| {{dts|1894|09|23|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|02|13|format=dmy}}
|  dramatist, novelist, poet.
| ''The Unevoked'', ''Master Mladen's Daughter''
|-
| Henry Newbolt
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} 
| {{dts|1862|06|06|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|04|19|format=dmy}}
|  historian, novelist, poet.
| ''Vitaï Lampada'' (''the torch of life''), ''Drake's Drum''
|-
| Branislav Nušić
| {{flag|Serbia}} 
| {{dts|1864|10|20|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|01|19|format=dmy}}
|  playwright, essayist, novelist.
| ''A Member of the Parliament'', ''A Suspicious Person''
|-
|Gustave Le Rouge
|{{flag|France}} 
|{{dts|1867|07|22|format=dmy}}
|{{dts|1938|02|24|format=dmy}}
|Author
|''The Vampires of Mars''
|-
| Olivia Shakespear
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} 
| {{dts|1863|03|17|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|10|03|format=dmy}}
|  novelist, playwright, patron of the arts. 
| '' Love on a Mortal Lease'', ''Uncle Hilary''
|-
| Konstantin Stanislavski
| {{flag|Russia}} 
| {{dts|1863|01|17|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|08|07|format=dmy}}
|  acting theorist. 
| ''My Life in Art''
|-
|E. G. Swain
|{{flag|United Kingdom}} 
|{{dts|1861|02|19|format=dmy}}
|{{dts|1938|01|29|format=dmy}}
|Author
|''The Stoneground Ghost Tales''
|-
| Armando Palacio Valdés
| {{flag|Spain}} 
| {{dts|1853|10|04|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|01|29|format=dmy}}
|  novelist.
| ''The Joy of Captain Ribot''
|-
| Owen Wister
| {{flag|United States}} 
| {{dts|1860|07|14|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|07|21|format=dmy}}
|  biographer, historian, Western fiction writer
| ''The Virginian'', ''Ulysses S. Grant'', ''Roosevelt: The Story of a Friendship''
|-
| Thomas Wolfe
| {{flag|United States}} 
| {{dts|1900|10|03|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1938|09|15|format=dmy}}
|  short story writer, novelist
| ''Look Homeward, Angel'', ''You Can't Go Home Again''
|-
|}

==Entered the public domain in countries with life + 50 years==
In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as {{wipe|Belarus}}, Bolivia, {{wipe|Canada}}, [[Earth:New Zealand|New Zealand]], [[Place:Egypt|Egypt]] and Uruguay; a work enters the [[Social:Public domain|public domain]] 50 years after the creator's death.

{|class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="border-spacing:0; style="width:100%;"
!Names
!Country
!Birth
!Death
!Occupation
!Notable work
|-
| Eleanor Hallowell Abbott
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1872|09|22|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|06|04|format=dmy}}
| novelist, poet, short story writer. 
| ''Molly Make-Believe'', ''But Once A Year: Christmas Stories ''
|-
| James Branch Cabell
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1879|04|14|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|05|05|format=dmy}}
| fantasy writer. 
| ''Jurgen, A Comedy of Justice'', ''Biography of the Life of Manuel''
|-
|E. Everett Evans
|{{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1893|11|30|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|12|02|format=dmy}}
|Science fiction author
|
|-
| Margiad Evans
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1909|03|17|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|03|17|format=dmy}}
| illustrator, novelist, poet. 
| ''Country Dance'', ''Autobiography'', ''A Ray of Darkness'', ''The Nightingale Silenced''
|-
| Dorothy Canfield Fisher
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1879|02|17|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|11|09|format=dmy}}
| literary critic, memoirist, novelist, short story writer, translator. 
| ''Understood Betsy''
|-
| Marjorie Flack
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1897|10|22|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|08|29|format=dmy}}
| children's writer, illustrator. 
| writer of ''The Story About Ping'', illustrator of ''The Country Bunny and the Little Gold Shoes''
|-
| Angelina Weld Grimké
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1880|02|27|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|06|10|format=dmy}}
| playwright, poet. 
| ''Rachel''
|-
| Michael Joseph
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1897|09|26|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|03|15|format=dmy}}
| Writer, publisher. 
| ''How to Write Serial Fiction'', ''Puss in Books: A collection of stories about cats'', ''The Sword in the Scabbard'' 
|-
| Cyril M. Kornbluth
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1923|07|02|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|03|21|format=dmy}}
| science fiction writer
| ''The Little Black Bag'', ''The Marching Morons''
|-
| Henry Kuttner
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1915|04|07|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|02|03|format=dmy}}
| Writer of fantasy, horror fiction, and science fiction. 
| ''The Graveyard Rats'', ''Mimsy Were the Borogoves''
|-
| Rose Macaulay
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1881|08|01|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|10|30|format=dmy}}
| biographer, novelist, travel writer. 
| ''The World My Wilderness'', ''The Towers of Trebizond''
|-
|Johnston McCulley
|{{flag|United States}}
|{{dts|1883|02|02|format=dmy}}
|{{dts|1958|11|23|format=dmy}}
|Author
|Zorro
|-
| [[Biography:G. E. Moore|G. E. Moore]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1873|11|04|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|10|24|format=dmy}}
| journal editor, philosopher. 
| ''Principia Ethica'', ''[[Religion:A Defence of Common Sense|A Defence of Common Sense]]''
|-
| Charles Langbridge Morgan
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1894|01|22|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|02|06|format=dmy}}
| novelist, playwright. 
| ''The Burning Glass''
|-
| Alfred Noyes
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1880|09|16|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|06|25|format=dmy}}
| playwright, poet, short story writer. 
| ''The Highwayman, ''Shakespeare's Kingdom
|-
| Seumas O'Sullivan
| {{flag|Ireland}}
| {{dts|1879|07|17|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|03|24|format=dmy}}
| magazine editor, poet. 
| ''Twilight People'', ''Verses Sacred and Profane''
|-
| Elliot Paul
| {{flag|United States}}
| {{dts|1891|02|10|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|04|07|format=dmy}}
| journalist, novelist, screenwriter. 
| ''Life and Death of a Spanish Town'', ''Linden on the Saugus Branch''
|-
| Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen
| {{flag|Romania}}
| {{dts|1881|08|24|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|12|08|format=dmy}}
| social scientist. 
| ''Accidente profesionale'' (''Work-related Accidents''), ''Câteva considerațiuni asupra socialismului și asupra roadelor sale'' (''Some Musings on Socialism and Its Results''
|-
| Peig Sayers
| {{flag|Ireland}}
| {{dts|1873|||format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|12|08|format=dmy}}
| seanchaí (traditional Gaelic storyteller and historian)
. 
| ''Peig'','' Machnamh Seanmhná'' (''An Old Woman's Reflections'')
|-
| Robert W. Service
| {{flag|Canada}}
| {{dts|1874|01|16|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|09|11|format=dmy}}
| poet. 
| ''The Shooting of Dan McGrew'', ''The Cremation of Sam McGee''
|-
| J. C. Squire
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1884|04|02|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|12|20|format=dmy}}
| historian, literary critic, magazine editor, poet. 
| ''Robin Hood: a farcical romantic pastoral '', ''Shakespeare as a Dramatist''
|-
| Ethel Turner
| {{flag|Australia}}
| {{dts|1870|01|24|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|04|08|format=dmy}}
| children's writer, novelist. 
| ''Seven Little Australians''
|-
| Geoffrey Willans
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| {{dts|1911|02|04|format=dmy}}
| {{dts|1958|08|06|format=dmy}}
| children's writer, humorist, novelist, screenwriter. 
| ''Down with Skool! A Guide to School Life for Tiny Pupils and their Parents'', ''Whizz for Atomms: A Guide to Survival in the 20th Century for Fellow Pupils, their Doting Maters, Pompous Paters and Any Others who are Interested''
|-
|}

== Entering the public domain in the United States ==
In the United States, the copyright status of works extends for the life of the author or artists, plus 70 years.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.law.duke.edu/cspd/publicdomainday/2012/pre-1976 |title = What Could Have Entered the Public Domain &#124; Duke University School of Law}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=S.505 - One Hundred Fifth Congress of the United States of America at the Second Session. An act to amend the provisions of title 17, United States Code, with respect to the duration of copyright, and for other purposes |url=https://www.copyright.gov/legislation/s505.pdf |website=U.S. Copyright Office}}</ref> If the work is owned by a corporation, then the copyright extends 95 years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://copyright.cornell.edu/resources/publicdomain.cfm|title = Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States &#124; Copyright Information Center}}</ref>

Due to the passing of the Copyright Term Extension Act (''Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act'') in 1998, no new works would enter the public domain in this jurisdiction until 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pdinfo.com/Copyright-Law/Copyright-Law.php |title = United States Copyright Law  |access-date=2012-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140801121535/http://www.pdinfo.com/Copyright-Law/Copyright-Law.php |archive-date=2014-08-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== See also ==
* 1938 in literature and 1958 in literature for deaths of writers
* [[Social:Public Domain Day|Public Domain Day]]
* [[Organization:Creative Commons|Creative Commons]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://everybodyslibraries.com/2009/01/01/public-domain-day-2009-freeing-the-libraries/ Public Domain Day 2009: Freeing the libraries]
*[https://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/blog/2009/01/happy-public-domain-day-january-1-2009-new-additions-unpublished-public-domain-us HAPPY PUBLIC DOMAIN DAY - JANUARY 1, 2009 - NEW ADDITIONS TO UNPUBLISHED PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE U.S.]

{{Incomplete list|date=January 2019}}
{{Years in Public Domain}}

[[Category:Public domain]]

{{Sourceattribution|2009 in public domain}}