View source for Social:Dic Siôn Dafydd

{{Short description|Caricature for anglicised Welsh people}}
[[File:Plant Dic Sion Dafydd.pdf|thumb|''Plant Dic Sion Dafydd'' ("The Children of Dic Siôn Dafydd"), 1800 song]]
'''Dic Siôn Dafydd''' ({{IPA-cy|dɪk ʃoːn ˈdavɨ̞ð|}}, "Dick [son of] John [son of] David") is a satirical stereotype of an Anglophile Welsh person who deliberately turns their back on the Welsh people, their culture and the [[Social:Welsh language|Welsh language]]. A Dic Siôn Dafydd instead embraces the concept of Englishness, English culture and the [[Social:English language|English language]]. It is traditionally used as an insult.

== History and symbolism ==
Jac Glan-y-gors created a satirical portrait of 'Dic Siôn Dafydd' as a stereotypical Welshman who has consciously decided to forget his roots and turn his back on his nation, culture and language, influenced by a will to succeed in England.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Dic Sion Dafydd' - Welsh ballad by Jac Glan-y-gors, page 1 |url=https://www.peoplescollection.wales/items/8315 |access-date=2022-11-18 |website=Peoples Collection Wales |language=en}}</ref> The 18th-century ballad describes Dic Siôn Dafydd as a pompous character that has grown up speaking Welsh but insists on speaking English even to his own Welsh-speaking mother.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-04-28 |title=The top 12 most satisfying Welsh language insults to aim at your worst enemy – or your mates |url=https://nation.cymru/culture/the-top-12-most-satisfying-welsh-language-insults-to-aim-at-your-worst-enemy-or-your-mates/ |access-date=2022-11-18 |website=Nation.Cymru |language=en-GB}}</ref>

Dic Siôn Dafydd is also known to be used as a term for abuse or as an insult that has political connotations. It refers to someone from Wales who betrays their nation for their own financial or political gain, or simply having turned their back on their country. More recently{{When|date=March 2023}} it has been used as an insult for Welsh people who become part of the upper levels of the British establishment but forget their Welsh roots.<ref name=":0" /> The character has been described as a Welsh person speaking only English, who is an anglophile and/or anglicised, self-loathing of Wales or its identity, refuses to speak Welsh, or simply a "''traitor''".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Singer |first=Rita |date=January 2015 |editor-last=Margrave |editor-first=Christie |title=Liberating Britain from Foreign Bondage: A Welsh Revision of the Wars of the Roses in L. M. Spooner's Gladys of Harlech; or, The Sacrifice (1858) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309413467 |journal=Rule Britannia?: Britain and Britishness, 1707-1901 (Pp.143-158) |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |quote=one of the most derided figures in Welsh literature of the nineteenth century is Dic Siôn Dafydd, a Welshman who claims to have forgotten his language and national identity since living in  London and so becomes a traitor to his cultural heritage.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Jenkins |first=Bethan |title=Between Wales and England: Anglophone Welsh Writing of the Eighteenth Century |date=1 March 2017 |publisher=University of Wales Press |pages=7 |quote=Dic Siôn Dafydd, the Anglophile, anglicised, self-loathing Welshman, has become a proverbial character in Welsh culture, reinforcing the linguistic difference and animosity between English and Welsh cultures, and above all their separateness; it is no coincidence that this character emerged in the eighteenth century, brought to life in the eponymous poem by the radical London Welshman John Jones (Jac Glan-y-Gors; 1766–1821).}}</ref>

== Ballad ==
First and last verses of the ballad, on the left in 18th century Welsh and on the right an English translation.

{{Verse translation|Gwrandewch ar hanes Dic Siôn Dafydd,
Mab Hafoty'r Mynydd mawr;
A'i daid yn dywedyd bod ei wreiddyn
O hil gethin Albion Gawr.
...
Cymer ofal ar bob adeg
Rhag ofn rhedeg i'r un rhic;
Dyn cymedrol ddeil i fyny;
Cofiwch fel y darfu Dic.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.peoplescollection.wales/items/8315 | title='Dic Sion Dafydd' - Welsh ballad by Jac Glan-y-gors, page 1}}</ref>|Listen to the history of Dic Siôn Dafydd
The son of the farmhouse of the big mountain
His grandfather said that his root
came from the wild race of the Albion giant.
...
Take care at all times
In case you run into the same rut;
The average man is the one that rises;
Remember how Dic came to an end.{{Citation needed|date=November 2022}}|lang=cy}}

== Inclusion in other works ==
The name is also mentioned in the folk song, Yma o Hyd, 
{{Verse translation|"Er gwaetha pob Dic Siôn Dafydd,
...
Byddwn yma hyd ddiwedd amser,
bydd yr iaith Gymraeg yn fyw.
(chorus)
Ry'n ni Yma o Hyd..."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Coleman |first=Tom |date=2022-03-29 |title=Yma o Hyd full lyrics, meaning and why Wales football fans started singing it |url=https://www.walesonline.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/yma-o-hyd-lyrics-meaning-23535380 |access-date=2022-11-18 |website=WalesOnline |language=en}}</ref>|Despite every Dic Siôn Dafydd,
...
We'll be here til the end of time, 
The Welsh language will be alive. 
(chorus)
We're still here"|lang=cy}}

There have been other poems written by other Welsh poets in the style of the Dic Siôn Dafydd ballad, including by Talhaiarn, published in 1862 under the title "Dammeg Dic Siôn Dafydd yr Ail" (The Parable of Dic Siôn Dafydd the Second).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jones |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6K_CYSGLawMC&dq=dic+sion+dafydd&pg=PA112 |title=Gwaith Talhaiarn: The works of Talhaiarn, in Welsh and English|date=1862 |language=en}}</ref>

During the revival of the Eisteddfod tradition, a poets' competition at the 1824 National Eisteddfod at Powys, where satirical poems in the traditional englyn form were submitted under the pre-announced title "Beddargraff Dic Siôn Dafydd" (The Epitaph of Dic Siôn Dafydd).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Eisteddfod, 1824 (WELSHPOOL) |first=Powys |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwdeAAAAcAAJ&dq=dic+sion+dafydd&pg=PA251 |title=Powysion: sef. Awdlau, cywyddau, ac ynglynion, a ddanfonwyd i Eisteddfod Trallwng, Medi, 1824. Llyfr II. [Edited by Walter Davies.] |date=1826 |publisher=R. Sanderson |language=cy}}</ref>

== External links ==

* [https://thesession.org/tunes/14831 Sheet Music] of Dic Siôn Dafydd
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhBPTL4-TUc Performance] by Y Glerorfa

== See also ==
* [[Social:Acting white|Acting white]]
* [[Social:Cultural cringe|Cultural cringe]]
* Cultural relationship between the Welsh and the English
* [[Unsolved:Crachach|Crachach]]
* Jackeen
* Self hatred
* Shoneenism
* [[Social:Sycophancy|Sycophancy]]
* Uncle Tom

== References ==
{{reflist}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Dic Sion Dafydd}}
[[Category:Cultural assimilation]]

{{Sourceattribution|Dic Siôn Dafydd}}