View source for Social:GLAM (cultural heritage)

{{Short description|Galleries, libraries, archives, and museums}}
[[File:Paris-Orsay-museum-inside-overview.jpeg|thumb|Interior view of Musée d'Orsay (Orsay museum) in Paris]]
'''GLAM''' is an acronym for galleries, libraries, archives, and [[Social:Museum|museum]]s,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archivists.org.au/events/conf2003/ |website=Australian Society of Archivists |title=Australian Society of Archivists Annual Conference 2003 |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030801224434/http://www.archivists.org.au/events/conf2003/ |archive-date=August 1, 2003}}</ref><ref name="CC Wiki">{{cite web|url=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/GLAM|title=GLAM - CC Wiki|publisher=Creative Commons|access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> and refers to cultural institutions with a mission to provide access to knowledge. GLAMs collect and maintain [[Social:Cultural heritage|cultural heritage]] materials in the [[Philosophy:Public interest|public interest]]. As collecting institutions, GLAMs preserve and make accessible [[Primary source|primary source]]s valuable for researchers.

Versions of the acronym include '''GLAMR''', which specifies [[Records management|records management]],<ref>{{cite web|title=2017 Conference - Australian Society of Archivists|url=https://www.archivists.org.au/learning-publications/asa-2017-conference/asa-information |website=www.archivists.org.au|access-date=19 June 2017}}</ref> and the earlier form '''LAM''', which did not specify "galleries" (whether seen as a subset of museums, or else potentially confused with commercial establishments where art is bought and sold).<ref>{{cite web|author=BibSI |url=http://bibsi.cms.si.umich.edu/node/212 |title=On the LAM: Library, Archive, and Museum Collections in the Creation and Maintenance of Knowledge Communities &#124; BibSI |publisher=Bibsi.cms.si.umich.edu |access-date=2012-04-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305191920/http://bibsi.cms.si.umich.edu/node/212 |archive-date=2014-03-05 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://lam.alaska.gov/ |title=Homepage |website=Alaska Libraries, Archives, & Museums |access-date=April 18, 2022 |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20090501071432/http%3A//lam%2Ealaska%2Egov/ |archive-date= May 1, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Jim Michalko |url=http://hangingtogether.org/?p=15 |title=LAM DNA |publisher=hangingtogether.org |date=2005-08-04 |access-date=2012-04-05}}</ref> Another form also is '''GLAMA''', which specifies academia,<ref>{{Cite web |title=DCDC22 Conference |url=https://www.rluk.ac.uk/event/dcdc22-conference/ |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=Research Libraries UK }}</ref> or alternatively '''GLEAM''' ("Education").

==History==
As an abbreviation, LAM has been in use since the 1990s;<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_saAQAAMAAJ&q=E-LAM|title=Information Retrieval & Library Automation|date=1997|publisher=Lomond Systems.|language=en}}</ref> it emerged as these institutions saw their missions overlapping, creating the need for a wider industry sector grouping. This became apparent as they placed their collections online—artworks, books, documents, and artifacts all effectively becoming "information resources." The work to get GLAM sector collections online is supported by GLAM Peak in Australia<ref>{{cite web | title=GLAM Peak — Digital Access to Collections | website=digitalcollections.org.au | url=http://www.digitalcollections.org.au/glam-peak | access-date=10 Jun 2019 }}</ref> and the National Digital Forum in New Zealand.<ref>{{cite web | title=National Digital Forum | website=ndf.org.nz | url=http://www.ndf.org.nz/ | access-date=10 Jun 2019 }}</ref>

Proponents of greater collaborations argue that the present convergence is actually a return to traditional unity. These institutions share epistemological links dating from the "Museum" of Alexandria and continuing through the [[Earth:Cabinet of curiosities|cabinets of curiosities]] gathered in early modern Europe. Over time as collections expanded, they became more specialized and their housing was separated according to the form of information and kinds of users. Furthermore, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, distinct professional societies and educational programs developed for each kind of institution.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Archives, Libraries, Museums: Coming Back Together?|url = https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/libraries_and_culture/v049/49.1.marcum.html|journal = Information & Culture: A Journal of History|date = 2014-01-01|issn = 2166-3033|pages = 74–89|volume = 49|issue = 1|doi = 10.1353/lac.2014.0001|first = Deanna|last = Marcum|s2cid = 144095412}}</ref>

Open GLAM<ref>{{Cite web|title=Open GLAM|url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Open_GLAM|website=Meta.wikimedia.org}}</ref> (Galleries, Library, Archives, and Museums) is a term that has gained popularity since 2010 to describe an initiative,<ref>{{Cite web|title=OpenGLAM|url=https://openglam.org|website=OpenGLAM}}</ref> network and movement that supports exchange and collaboration between cultural institutions supporting [[Open access|open access]] to their digitised collections. The GLAM-Wiki Initiative helps cultural institutions share their openly licensed resources with the world through collaborative projects with experienced [[Wikipedia]] editors. Open GLAM and [[Open data|open data]] resources from the heritage sector are now frequently used in research, publishing, and programming,<ref>{{Cite Q|Q111293389}}</ref> particularly in [[Digital humanities|Digital Humanities]] research and teaching.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/lamsurvey/ Library, Archive and Museum Collaboration], [[Organization:OCLC|OCLC]]

[[Category:Cultural heritage]]
[[Category:Museology]]

{{Sourceattribution|GLAM (cultural heritage)}}