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{{Short description|Russian electronic countermeasure system}}
{{Infobox weapon
|name= 1L269 Krasukha-2/4
|image=[[File:Krasukha-2 (Красуха-2) Unloaded.jpg|300px]]<br>[[File:MAKS2015part6-51.jpg|300px]]
|caption= Krasukha-2 and -4 at Engineering Technologies 2014
|origin= {{wipe|Russia}}
|type= Electronic Counter Measure system
<!-- Type selection -->
|is_bladed=
|is_artillery=
|is_vehicle=yes
|is_UK=no
<!-- Service history -->
|service= 2014–present
|used_by= {{wipe|Russia}}
|wars=
<!-- Production history -->
|designer= KRET corporation
|design_date=
|manufacturer= KRET corporation, <br/>BAZ (for wheeled platform of Krasukha-4)
|production_date= 2010–present
|variants= 1L269 Krasukha-2 <br/>1RL257 Krasukha-4
|vehicle_range=
* Krasukha-2: 250 km
* Krasukha-4: 300 km
}}

The '''Krasukha''' ({{lang-ru|Красуха}}; English: [[Biology:Atropa belladonna|Belladonna or Deadly Nightshade]]) is a Russian mobile, ground-based, [[Social:Electronic warfare|electronic warfare]] (EW) system. This system is produced by the KRET corporation on different [[Engineering:Automobile layout|wheeled platforms]].<ref name = "KRET">{{cite web|url= http://www.kret.com/en/product/12/|title= "Electronic warfare complex "Krasuha-4""|publisher= KRET|accessdate= 4 April 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150714165635/http://kret.com/en/product/12/|archive-date= 14 July 2015|url-status= dead}}</ref> The Krasukha's primary targets are airborne radio-electronics (such as [[Engineering:Unmanned aerial vehicle|UAVs]]) and airborne systems [[Engineering:Active radar homing|guided by radar]]. The Krasukha has multiple applications in the Russian Armed Forces.<ref name = "deagel_2">{{cite web |url=http://www.deagel.com/Special-Purpose-Vehicles/1L269-Krasukha-2_a003129001.aspx |title= 1L269 Krasukha-2 |publisher=Deagel.com |accessdate=28 March 2015}}</ref>

==Krasukha-2==
The Krasukha-2 is a S-band system designed to [[Radio jamming|jam]] [[Engineering:Airborne early warning and control|Airborne Early Warning and Control]] (AWACS) aircraft such as the [[Engineering:Boeing E-3 Sentry|Boeing E-3 Sentry]] at ranges of up to {{convert|250|km}}.<ref name = "deagel_2" />
<ref name = "rostec_ru">{{cite web
 |url= http://rostec.ru/news/4514794
 |title= KRET has fulfilled the state defense order for the delivery of Krasuha-2
 |publisher= Rostek
 |accessdate= 28 March 2015
 |archive-date= 18 March 2015
 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150318112236/http://rostec.ru/news/4514794
 |url-status= dead
 }}</ref>
<ref name = "GDT_mar22">
{{cite web
 |url= https://defence.nridigital.com/global_defence_technology_mar22/russia_electronic_warfare
 |title= Fields of silence and broken cycles: Russia's electronic warfare
 |date= 18 March 2022
 |publisher= Global Defence Technology |accessdate= 17 October 2022
}}
</ref>
The Krasukha-2 can also jam other airborne radars, such as those for radar-guided missiles. The missiles, once jammed, then receive a false target away from the original to ensure that the missiles no longer pose a threat. The Krasukha-2 guards mobile high-priority targets such as the [[Engineering:9K720 Iskander|9K720 Iskander]] [[Engineering:Short-range ballistic missile|SRBM]].<ref name = "deagel_2" />

==Krasukha-4==
The Krasukha-4 is a broadband multifunctional jamming station mounted on a BAZ-6910-022 four-axle-chassis. It complements the Krasukha-2 system by operating in the [[Astronomy:X-band|X-band]] and Ku-band, and counters airborne radar aircraft such as the [[Engineering:Northrop Grumman E-8 Joint STARS|Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (JSTAR) Northrop Grumman E-8]].<ref name = "GDT_mar22" /> The Krasukha-4 has enough range to effectively disrupt [[Astronomy:Low Earth orbit|low Earth orbit]] (LEO) [[Astronomy:Satellite|satellite]]s and can cause permanent damage to targeted radio-electronic devices.<ref name = "deagel_4">{{cite web |url=http://www.deagel.com/Special-Purpose-Vehicles/Krasukha-4_a003129002.aspx |title= Krasukha-4 |publisher=Deagel.com |accessdate=28 March 2015}}</ref> Ground based radars are also a viable target for the Krasukha-4.<ref name = "KRET" />

==Operators==
* {{RUS}}
** Russian Ground Forces
* {{ALG}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://secret-difa3.blogspot.com/2013/12/lalgerie-se-dote-dun-systeme-de.html|title=Tout sur la défense au Maghreb: L'Algérie se dote d'un système de brouillage innovant|last=Secret-difa3|date=2013-12-13|website=Tout sur la défense au Maghreb|access-date=2018-11-13}}</ref>
* {{ETH}}<ref>{{cite web | title=ЦАМТО / / Эфиопия получила из России комплекс радиоэлектронной борьбы 1РЛ257 «Красуха-4» | website=ЦАМТО / Центр анализа мировой торговли оружием | date=2023-10-30 | url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2023/1030/122076118/detail.shtml | language=ru | ref={{sfnref | ЦАМТО / Центр анализа мировой торговли оружием | 2023}} | access-date=2023-11-01}}</ref>
* {{IRI}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mashreghnews.ir/news/981009/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85|title=سامانه مرموز جنگال در ایران +فیلم|last=دفاع و امنیت|date=2019-08-04|website=mashreghnews.ir/service/defence-news|access-date=2019-08-04}}</ref>
* {{LBY}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://libya.liveuamap.com/en/2020/18-may-gna-turkish-uav-airstrike-on--electronic-warfare-system|title=GNA Turkish UAV airstrike on Electronic Warfare System Krasukha south to Sirte last night Sirte}}</ref>

==Operational history==
Krasukha jammers were reportedly deployed to support Russian forces in Syria.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/ywbwaj/russian-army-specialized-drone-hunters-krasukha-jammer |publisher=[[Company:Vice News|Vice News]] |title=The jammer can disrupt an enemy's own signals, potentially preventing ground-based controllers from steering their drones via satellite. |first=David |last=Axe |date=October 21, 2017 |quote=Russia deployed Krasukha systems to Syria in an effort to form a sort of electronic shield over Russian and allied forces in the country.}}</ref> They have reportedly been blocking small U.S. surveillance drones from receiving GPS satellite signals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thedefensepost.com/2018/05/01/russia-syria-electronic-warfare/|title=Signaling strength: Russia's real Syria success is electronic warfare against the US|last=Varfolomeeva|first=Anna|date=May 1, 2018|website=The Defense Post|access-date=May 12, 2018}}</ref> During the Turkish intervention in the Syrian civil war, the complex apparently destroyed a Bayraktar drone by causing it to lose control, subsequently crashing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Published a photo of the Turkish Bayraktar TB2, shot down, presumably by the Russian complex "Krasukha"|url=https://avia-pro.net/news/opublikovano-foto-tureckogo-bayraktar-tb2-sbitogo-predpolozhitelno-rossiyskim-kompleksom|access-date=2021-05-18|website=avia-pro.net}}</ref> The Israeli Defense Force had problems in 2021 with the Krasukha S-4 GPS denial system.<ref name="egozi">{{cite news |last1=Egozi |first1=Arie |title=Israeli solutions against the most advanced Electronic Warfare systems |url=https://defence-industry.eu/israeli-solutions-against-the-most-advanced-electronic-warfare-systems/ |publisher=Defence Industry Europe |date=April 16, 2023}}</ref>

In July 2018, an [[Organization:Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]] monitoring mission drone recorded a 1L269 Krasukha-2 among other electronic warfare equipment deployed near Chornukhyne, Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.osce.org/special-monitoring-mission-to-ukraine/390236|title=Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 10 August 2018|last=OSCE|website=osce.org|language=en|access-date=2018-08-14}}</ref>

In 2018, Russia’s Krasukha-4 microwave cannon reportedly grounded an American AH-64 Apache attack helicopter in Syria by damaging its electrical circuits. <ref>https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3214251/scientists-shrink-chinas-starlink-killing-microwave-weapon-new-power-source</ref>

In 2020, Krasukha was reportedly operating around the Russian military base at Gyumri in [[Place:Armenia|Armenia]] to counter the use by [[Place:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]] of Turkish-made Bayraktar armed drones as well as Israel-made [[Engineering:IAI Harop|Harop]] [[Social:Loitering munition|loitering munition]] (suicide drones).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bryen|first=Stephen|date=2020-10-26|title=Russia knocking Turkish drones from Armenian skies|url=https://asiatimes.com/2020/10/russia-knocking-turkish-drones-from-armenian-skies/|access-date=2020-10-26|website=Asia Times|language=en-US}}</ref>

The first export contract was officially signed in August 2021.<ref name=tass21>{{Cite web |url=https://tass.com/defense/1329957 |title=Russia inks deals at Army 2021 forum on delivery of latest electronic warfare systems |date=25 Aug 2021 |publisher=TASS}}</ref>

Krasukha-4 models are also being employed in the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine, as Ukrainian forces captured one of these devices in the field near Kyiv. A photograph posted to social media claims to show part of the system, which has been separated from its truck mount and shows some damage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/UAWeapons/status/1506306740421341193|title = Ukraine: We managed to identify this bizarre "container", captured today by the UA forces near Kyiv}}</ref><ref>thedrive.com 22 March 2022: [https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/44879/ukraine-just-captured-part-of-one-of-russias-most-capable-electronic-warfare-systems ''Ukraine Just Captured Part Of One Of Russia's Most Capable Electronic Warfare Systems'']</ref> The unit was then sent to the United States for examination.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nicholls |first=Dominic |date=2022-03-23 |title=Russian military secrets could be laid bare after Ukraine captures electronic warfare systems |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/03/23/ukrainians-capture-russian-warfare-equipment-used-intercept/ |access-date=2022-07-19 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref>

On 9 August 2023, a source in the Russian defense industry told the state news agency TASS that several Southeast Asian nations and an Eastern European country have ordered the Krasukha and Sapphire EW systems.<ref name=tass23>{{Cite web |url=https://tass.com/defense/1658357 |title=Southeast Asian nations ordering field-tested anti-drone EW systems from Russian makers |date=9 Aug 2023 |publisher=TASS}}</ref>

==See also==
*Repellent-1
*KORAL
==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Electronic warfare]]

{{Sourceattribution|Krasukha}}