View source for Social:Malayan languages

{{Infobox language
|name=Malay
|altname=Malayan
|region=[[Place:Malay Archipelago|Malay Archipelago]]
|speakers=?
|familycolor=Austronesian
|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian
|fam3=Nuclear MP
|fam4=Sunda-Sulawesi
|fam5=[[Social:Malayo-Sumbawan languages|Malayo-Sumbawan]]
|fam6=Malayic
|fam7=
|iso1=ms
|iso2b=may
|iso2t=msa
|iso3=msa<!--The other lects under this macrolanguage are listed at [[Social:Malay language|Malay language]] and [[Social:Malayan languages|Malayan languages]]-->
|lc1=mfb |ld1=Bangka
|lc2=bjn |ld2=[[Social:Banjar language|Banjar]]
|lc3=pse |ld3=Bengkulu
|lc4=bve  |ld4=[[Social:Berau Malay language|Berau]]
|lc5=bvu  |ld5=Bukit
|lc6=kxd  |ld6=[[Social:Brunei Malay|Brunei]]
|lc7=liw  |ld7=[[Social:Col language|Col]]
|lc8=dup  |ld8=Duano'/Orang Kuala
|lc9=hji  |ld9=Haji
|lc10=ind  |ld10=[[Social:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]
|lc11=jak  |ld11=[[Social:Jakun language|Jakun]]
|lc12=jax  |ld12=[[Social:Jambi Malay|Jambi]]
|lc13=vkk  |ld13=[[Social:Kaur language|Kaur]]
|lc14=meo  |ld14=[[Social:Kedah Malay|Kedah]]
|lc15=kvr |ld15=[[Social:Kerinci language|Kerinci]]
|lc16=mqg |ld16=Kutai Kota Bangun
|lc17=kvb |ld17=Kubu
|lc18=lce |ld18=Loncong
|lc19=lcf |ld19=Lubu
|lc20=zsm |ld20=[[Social:Malaysian language|Malaysian]]
|lc21=min |ld21=[[Social:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]
|lc22=mui |ld22=Musi
|lc23=orn |ld23=Orang Kanaq
|lc24=ors |ld24=[[Social:Orang Seletar language|Orang Seletar]]
|lc25=mfa |ld25=Kelantan-Pattani
|lc26=pel |ld26=Pekal
|lc27=tmw |ld27=[[Social:Temuan language|Temuan]]
|lc28=vkt |ld28=Kutai Tenggarong
|lc29=zmi |ld29=[[Social:Minangkabau language|Negeri Sembilan]]
|glotto=nucl1733
|glottoname=Malayan
|glotto2=vehi1234
|glottoname2=Vehicular Malay
}}

The '''Malay''' or '''Malayan languages''' are a group of closely related languages spoken by Malays and related peoples across Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, [[Place:Singapore|Singapore]], Southern Thailand and the far southern parts of the {{wipe|Philippines}}. They have traditionally been classified as Malay, Para-Malay, and Aboriginal Malay, but this reflects geography and ethnicity rather than a proper linguistic classification. The Malayan languages are mutually intelligible to varying extents, though the distinction between language and dialect is unclear in many cases.

Para-Malay includes the Malayan languages of Sumatra. They are: [[Social:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]], Central Malay (Bengkulu), Pekal, Musi (Palembang), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia), and Duano’.<ref>''Ethnologue'' 16 also lists Col, Haji, Kaur, Kerinci, Kubu, Lubu'.</ref>

Aboriginal Malay are the Malayan languages spoken by the Orang Asli ([[Social:Proto-Malay|Proto-Malay]]) in Malaya. They are [[Social:Jakun language|Jakun]], Orang Kanaq, [[Social:Orang Seletar language|Orang Seletar]], and [[Social:Temuan language|Temuan]].

The other Malayan languages, included in neither of these groups, are associated with the expansion of the Malays across the archipelago. They include [[Social:Malay language|Malaccan Malay]] ([[Social:Malaysian language|Malaysian]] and [[Social:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]), [[Social:Kedah Malay|Kedah Malay]], [[Social:Brunei Malay|Kedayan/Brunei Malay]], [[Social:Berau Malay|Berau Malay]], [[Social:Bangka Malay|Bangka Malay]], [[Social:Jambi Malay|Jambi Malay]], [[Social:Kutai Malay|Kutai Malay]], Loncong, Pattani Malay, and [[Social:Banjar language|Banjarese]].

There are also several Malay-based creole languages, such as Betawi, Cocos Malay, [[Social:Manado Malay|Manado Malay]] and Sabah Malay, which may be more or less distinct from standard (Malaccan) Malay.

== Usages ==
The extent to which Malay and related Malayan languages are used in the countries where it is spoken varies depending on historical and cultural circumstances. Malay is the national language in Malaysia by Article 152 of the Constitution of Malaysia, and became the sole official language in West Malaysia in 1968, and in East Malaysia gradually from 1974. [[Social:English language|English]] continues, however, to be widely used in professional and commercial fields and in the superior courts. Other minority languages are also commonly used by the country's large ethnic minorities. The situation in Brunei is similar to that of Malaysia.

In Singapore, Malay was historically the ''lingua franca'' among people of different nationalities. Although this has largely given way to English, Malay still retains the status of national language and the national anthem, Majulah Singapura, is entirely in Malay. In addition, parade commands in the military, police and civil defence are given only in Malay.

Most residents of the five southernmost provinces of Thailand &mdash; a region that, for the most part, used to be part of an ancient Malay kingdom called Pattani &mdash; speak a dialect of Malay called Yawi (not to be confused with Jawi), which is similar to Kelantanese Malay, but the language has no official status or recognition.

Owing to earlier contact with the {{wipe|Philippines}}, Malay words &mdash; such as ''dalam hati'' (sympathy), ''luwalhati'' (glory), ''tengah hari'' (midday), ''sedap'' (delicious) &mdash;  have evolved and been integrated into [[Social:Tagalog language|Tagalog]] and other Philippine languages.

By contrast, Indonesian has successfully become the ''lingua franca'' for its disparate islands and ethnic groups, in part because the colonial language, Dutch, is no longer commonly spoken. (In East Timor, which was governed as a province of Indonesia from 1976 to 1999, Indonesian is widely spoken and recognized under its Constitution as a 'working language'.)

Besides Indonesian, which developed from the Malaccan<!--not Riau: "Riau Malay" is not the Malay native to Riau, but to Malacca--> dialect, there are many Malay dialects spoken in Indonesia, it is divided into western and eastern groups. Western Malay varieties is predominantly spoken in Sumatra and Borneo, which itself is divided into Bornean and Sumatran Malay, some of the most widely spoken Sumatran Malay varieties are Riau Malay, Langkat, Palembang Malay and [[Social:Jambi Malay|Jambi Malay]]. Minangkabau, Kerinci and Bengkulu are believed to be Sumatran Malay descendants. Meanwhile, [[Place:Jakarta|Jakarta]] dialect (known as Betawi) also belongs to the western Malay group.

The eastern dialects are spoken in the easternmost part of the Indonesian archipelago and include: Manado dialect [[Social:Manado Malay|Manado Malay]] (in north Sulawesi) and Maluku, North Maluku and Papua dialects.
 
The differences among both groups are quite observable. For example, the word 'kita' means "we, us" in western, but means "I, me" in Manado, whereas "we, us" in Manado is 'torang' and Ambon 'katong' (originally abbreviated from Malay 'kita orang' (means "we people"). Another difference is the lack of possessive pronouns (and suffixes) in eastern dialects. Manado uses the verb 'pe' and Ambon 'pu' (from Malay 'punya', meaning "to have") to mark possession. So "my name" and "our house" are translated in western Malay as 'namaku' and 'rumah kita' but 'kita pe nama' and 'torang pe rumah' in Manado and 'beta pu nama', 'katong pu rumah' in Ambon dialect.

The pronunciation may vary in western dialects, especially the pronunciation of words ending in the vowel 'a'. For example, Malaysian pronounce 'kita' (inclusive we, us, our) as /kitə/, Kelantan and Southern Thailand as /kitɔ/, Riau as /kita/, Palembang as /kito/, Betawi and Perak as /kitɛ/.

Batavian and eastern dialects are sometimes regarded as Malay creole, because the speakers are not ethnically Malay.

==Comparison of Malay varieties==
A comparison of various varieties of Malay, plus three Para-Malay languages and one Aboriginal Malay language:

'''''English  =  Where are you going on this bicycle? May I go with you?'''''

{|class="sortable 
|- 
| align="center" width="20%" style="background:silver" | '''Language'''
| align="center" width="40%" style="background:silver" | '''Sentence'''
| align="center" width="40%" style="background:silver" | '''Spoken In'''
|-
! colspan="3" |'''Varieties of Malay'''
|-
|[[Social:Malay language|Standard Court Malay]] (formal)  ||  Ke mana engkau hendak pergi dengan kereta angin itu? <br />Bolehkah saya ikut? || Ancient Malacca-Johor-Riau
|-
|[[Social:Malaysian language|Standard Malaysian]]  ||  Kamu mahu pergi ke mana dengan basikal itu? <br />Bolehkah saya ikut? || Malaysia
|-
|[[Social:Indonesian language|Standard Indonesian]] (formal)  || Anda mau pergi ke mana dengan sepeda itu? <br />Bolehkah saya ikut? || Indonesia
|-
|Batavian  ||  Mao spèdahan ke manè? <br />Nèbèng bolé, kagak? || Jakarta (Indonesia)
|-
|Johor/Selangor/[[Place:Singapore|Singapore]]/Riau Archipelago [[Social:Malay language|Malay]]  ||  Kau nak pergi ke mane dengan basikal tu? <br />Boleh saye ikut? || Central and Southern States of Peninsular Malaysia including Selangor and Johor, and basis of the standard [[Social:Malaysian language|Malaysian]] language.
|-
|Bengkulu  ||  Kau ndak pergi mano kek sepedo tu? <br />Aku bulih ikuik idak? || Bengkulu (Indonesia)
|-
|[[Social:Jambi Malay|Jambi Malay]]  ||  Kau nak pergi ke mano naek sepedo tu? <br />Aku biso ikut dak? || Jambi (Indonesia)
|-
|Musi  ||  Kau nak belaju ke mano besepedah tu? <br />Aku melok pacak dak? || South Sumatra (Indonesia)
|-
|[[Social:Bangka Malay|Bangka Malay]]  ||  Ka nek gi mane naek ketangin tu? <br />Ku boleh ngikut dak? || Bangka Island (Indonesia)
|-
|Belitung Malay||  Ikam nak pergi ke mane naek ketangin tu? <br />Aku bisak ngikut ndak? || Belitung Island (Indonesia)
|-
|[[Social:Banjar language|Banjar]]   ||  Ikam/kawu handak tulak ka mana basapeda tu? <br />Kawakah aku umpat? || South Kalimantan (Indonesia), Northern Perak (Malaysia)
|-
|[[Social:Kedah Malay|Kedah Malay]]  ||  Hang nak pi mana naik gerek tu? <br />Aku ikut buleh dak? || Northern States of Peninsular Malaysia, Western part of Southern Thailand
|-
|Baling Malay  ||  Mu nok gi mano naik gerek tu? <br />Ku nak ikut buleh dak? || Eastern part of Kedah (Baling, Sik and Padang Terap), Yala, Pattani, Satun
|-
|[[Social:Terengganu Malay|Terengganu Malay]] ||  Mung nok gi mane naik basika tu? <br />Buleh dok ambe ikok? || Terengganu (Malaysia), Easternmost part of Pahang, Northeast Johor, Riau Islands (Indonesia)
|-
|[[Social:Kelantan-Pattani Malay|Kelantan-Pattani Malay]]  ||  Demo nok gi mano naik gerek tuh? <br />Buleh kawe ikuk? || Kelantan (Malaysia), Eastern part of Southern Thailand, Northern Terengganu
|-
|[[Social:Pahang Malay|Pahang Malay]]  ||  Awok nok kone naik sike tu? <br />Boleh tok kome/koi/kas/kawan/kawas ikut? || Entire Pahang (Malaysia)
|-
|[[Social:Perak Malay|Perak Malay]]  ||  Mike nak ke mane naik sika tu? <br />Teman nak ngekor buleh? || Perak (Malaysia) except the northern part of Perak
|-
|[[Social:Kedah Malay|Penang Malay]]  ||  Hang nak pi mana naik basikal tu? <br />Aku ikut boleh tak? || Penang and Northern Perak (Malaysia)
|-
|[[Social:Brunei Malay|Brunei Malay]]  ||  Kan kamana kau babiskal tu? <br />Bulih ku ikut? || Brunei Darussalam and Labuan
|-
|[[Social:Sarawak Malay|Sarawak Malay]]  ||  Ke sine kitak maok make basikal? <br />Boleh sik kamik ngekot? || Sarawak (Malaysia)
|-
|Sabah Malay  ||  Mana ko mo pigi sama itu bés(i)kal/bosikol? <br />Buli s(i)a ikut( ka)? || Sabah (Malaysia) and also Labuan
|-
|Pontianak Malay ||  Mane kitak nak pergi naik sepeda tu? <br />Kamek bulih ikut tadak? || West Kalimantan (Indonesia)
|-
| Makassar Malay || Mau ko/ki' ke/pergi mana bawa' itu sepeda (kah)?<br /> Bisa Jeka' Ikut? || South and West Sulawesi, especially Makassar language area southern South peninsula of Sulawesi (Indonesia)
|-
|[[Social:Kutai Malay|Kutai Malay]] || Nda pegi kemana besepeda tu? <br />Kawa umpat ndi? || East Kalimantan (Indonesia)
|-
! colspan="3" |'''Para-Malay languages'''
|-
|[[Social:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]  ||  Pai kama jo kareta angin tu? <br />Bulih indak den ikuik? || West Sumatra, the western part of Riau and Jambi, the western coast of Aceh and North Sumatra, the northern part of Bengkulu (Indonesia), Negeri Sembilan and Kuang, Selangor (Malaysia)
|-
|Negeri Sembilan Malay  ||  Ekau nak poie mano naik basika tu? <br />Boleh den ikut? || Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia)
|-
|Rawa  ||  Kao nak poie mano nek basika to? <br />Buleh ikoiyt ko indo? || Gopeng (Malaysia)
|-
! colspan="3" |'''Aboriginal Malay languages'''
|-
|[[Social:Temuan language|Temuan]] || Ajih nak pegik manak terenjai dengan mesikal tuk? <br />Bulih akuk ekot nyap? || Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor and Johor (Malaysia)
|-
|}

===Word by word comparison (based on sentences above)===

{|class="sortable wikitable"
|- 
| align="center" width="9%" style="background:silver" | '''Language/dialect'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Ke'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Mana'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Kamu'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Mahu'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Pergi'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Dengan'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Basikal'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Itu'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Boleh'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''-kah (atau tidak)'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Saya'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | '''Ikut'''
| align="center" width="7%" style="background:silver" | ''Extra Words''
|-
|English proximate literal translation  ||  to || where || you || want || to go || with || bicycle || that || can/may || or not || I || follow || 1:to ride, 2:"question particle"
|-
|[[Social:Malay language|Standard Malaysian Malay]] (formal)  ||  ke || mana || kamu/awak || mahu || pergi || dengan || basikal || itu || boleh || kah || saya || ikut || --
|-
|[[Social:Malay language|Malay language]] (informal)  ||  ''~omitted~'' || mane || kau/ko || nak || pegi || ngan || basikal || tu || boleh || ''~omitted~'' || aku || ikut || --
|-
|[[Social:Indonesian language|Standard Indonesian]] (formal)  ||  ke || mana || kamu/anda(when talking to strangers) || mau || pergi || dengan || sepeda || itu || bisa || kah || saya || ikut || --
|-
|Indonesian (informal)  ||  ke || mana || lu || mau || ''~omitted~'' || ''~substituted with 'naik'~'' || sepeda || tu || bolé || nggè || ''~omitted~'' || ikut || 1:naik
|-
|Batavian  ||  ke || manè || ''~omitted and already understood in the context~'' || mao || ''~omitted~'' || ''~omitted and subtitued by the suffix '-an' on the word 'spèdè'~'' || spèdè || tu || bolé || nggè || ''~omitted~'' || nèbèng || 1:naik
|-
|[[Place:Singapore|Singapore]] Malay (formal) ||  ke || mana || awak || hendak || pergi || dengan || basikal || itu || boleh || ''~omitted~'' || saya || ikut || --
|-
|Singapore Malay (informal) ||  ''~omitted~'' || mane || kau/ko || nak || gi || ngan || basikal || tu || boleh || ''~omitted~'' || aku || ikut || --
|-
|Johor/Selangor Malay  ||  ke || mane || kau || nak || pergi || dengan || basikal || itu || boleh || ''~omitted~'' || saye || ikut || --
|-
|Bengkulu Malay ||  ''~omitted~'' || mano || kau || ndak || pergi || kek || sepedo || tu || bulih || idak || aku || ikuik || --
|-
|[[Social:Jambi Malay|Jambi Malay]]  ||  ke || mano || kau || nak || pergi || ''~substituted with 'naek'~'' || sepedo || tu || biso || dak || aku || ikut || 1:naek
|-
|Palembang Malay  ||  ke || mano || kau || nak || belaju || be- || sepedah || tu || pacak || dak || aku || melok || -
|-
|[[Social:Bangka Malay|Bangka Malay]] ||  ke || mane || ka || nek || pergi || ''~substituted with 'naek'~'' || ketangin || tu || boleh || dak || ku || ngikut || 1:naek
|-
|Belitung Malay ||  ke || mane || ikam || nak || pergi || ''~substituted with 'naek'~'' || ketangin || tu || bisak || ndak || aku || ngikut || 1:naek
|-
|[[Social:Banjar language|Banjar]] ||  ka- || -mana || ikam/kawu || handak || tulak|| ba- || sapeda || tu || kawa || kah || aku || umpat || -
|-
|[[Social:Kedah Malay|Kedah Malay]]   ||  ''~omitted~'' || mana || hang || nak || pi || ''~substituted with 'naik'~'' || gerek || tu || buleh || dak || aku || ikut || 1:naik
|-
|Baling Malay   ||  ''~omitted~'' || mano || mu / dema || nok || gi || ''~substituted with 'naik'~'' || gerek || tuh || buleh || dok || ku / ambe || ikut || 1:naik
|-
|[[Social:Terengganu Malay|Terengganu Malay]]  ||  ''~omitted~'' || mane || mung || nok || gi || ''~substituted with 'naik/nge'~'' || basika || tu || buleh || dok || ambe || ikok || 1:naik/ghetek
|-
|[[Social:Kelantan-Pattani Malay|Kelantan-Pattani Malay]]  ||  ''~omitted~'' || mano || demo || nok || gi || ''~substituted with 'naik/ngey'~'' || basika || tuh || buleh || dok || kawe || turuk || 1:naik
|-
|[[Social:Pahang Malay|Pahang Malay]]  ||  ''~omitted~'' || kone || awok || nok || gi || ''~substituted with 'naik/ngan'~'' || sike || tu || boleh || tok || kome/koi/kas/kawan/kawas || ikut || 1:naik
|-
|[[Social:Perak Malay|Perak Malay]]   ||  ke || mane || kome/mike || nak || ''~omitted~'' || ''~substituted with 'naik'~'' || sika || tu || buleh || ''~omitted~'' || teman || ngekor || 1:naik
|-
|Penang Malay   ||  ''~omitted~'' || mana || hang || nak || pi || ''~substituted with 'naik'~'' || basikal || tu || boleh || tak || aku || ikut || 1:naik
|-
|[[Social:Brunei Malay|Brunei Malay]]   ||  ka- || -mana || kau || ''~omitted~'' || ''~omitted~'' || ba- || -biskal || ''~omitted~'' || bulih || ''~omitted~'' || ku || ikut || 2:ah
|-
|[[Social:Sarawak Malay|Sarawak Malay]]   ||  ke || sine || kitak || maok || ''~omitted~'' || make || basikal || ''~omitted~'' || boleh || sik || kamik || ngekot || --
|-
|Sabah Malay   ||  ''~omitted~'' || mana || ko || mo || pigi || sama || beskal || itu || buli || ka || sia || ikut || --
|-
|Pontianak Malay   ||  ''~omitted~'' || mane || kitak || nak || pergi || ''~substituted with 'naik'~'' || sepeda || tu || bulih || tadak || kamek || ikut || 1:naik
|-
|Makassar Malay  ||  ke || mana || Kau || ko / ki' (You Want) || pergi / pigi || sama || sepeda || itu || bisa || kah || saya / Jeka' (If I) || ikut || 1:naik, 2:Jeka', 3:Bawa'
|-
|[[Social:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]   ||  ka- || -ma || kau || nio || pai || jo || kareta angin || tu || buliah || ndak || den || ikuik || --
|-
|Negeri Sembilan Malay   ||  ''~omitted~'' || mano || ekau || nak || poie || ''~substituted with 'naik'~'' || basika || tu || boleh || ''~omitted~'' || den || ikut || 1:naik
|-
|Rawa   ||  ''~omitted~'' || mano || kao || nak || poie || ''~substituted with 'nek'~'' || basika || to || buleh || ko indo || ''~omitted~'' || ikoiyt || 1:nek
|-
|[[Social:Temuan language|Temuan]] ||  ''~omitted~'' || manak || ajih || nak || pegik || ''~substituted with 'terenjai'~'' || basikal || tuk || bulih || nyap || akuk || ekot || --
|-
|}

== ISO 639 ==
In [[Social:ISO 639-1|ISO 639-1]] there is 'ms', [[Social:ISO 639-2|ISO 639-2]] there are two codes: 'may'/'msa'. In [[Social:ISO 639-3|ISO 639-3]], 'msa' is defined as a "macrolanguage".

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Code
!Name
!Native Speakers
!Usage
|---
|msa
|Malayan languages
| 281,000,000
| [[Place:Nusantara|Nusantara]]
|-----
|btj
|Bacanese Malay
| 6
|Indonesia - Bacan
|----
|mfb
|Bangka
| 340,000
|Indonesia - Bangka-Belitung
|----
| -
|[[Social:Bangkok Malay|Bangkok Malay]]
| 5,000
|Thailand - [[Place:Bangkok|Bangkok]]
|----
|bjn
|[[Social:Banjar language|Banjar]]
| 3,500,000
|Indonesia and Malaysia
|----
|bve
|[[Social:Berau Malay|Berau Malay]]
| 11,000
|Indonesia - East Kalimantan (Berau regency)
|----
|kxd
|[[Social:Brunei Malay|Brunei]]
| 270,000
|Main variety and co-official standard language spoken in Brunei; also spoken in the northern parts of Sarawak (city of Miri, Malaysia and the towns of Limbang and Lawas of the Limbang Division), Labuan and the western parts of Sabah (districts of Papar, Malaysia, Kuala Penyu, Beaufort, Malaysia and Sipitang) (Malaysia)
|----
|bvu
|Dayak Bukit Malay
|
|Indonesia
|----
|pse
|Central Malay
| 1,600,000
|Indonesia - Bengkulu
|----
|coa
|Cocos Islands Malay
| 1,100
|Australia - Cocos (Keeling) Islands, as well as in Sabah, Malaysia
|----
|liw
|[[Social:Col language|Col]]
| 150,000
|Indonesia - Bengkulu
|----
|dup
|Duano
| 16,000
|Indonesia - Riau
|----
|hji
|Haji
| 18,000
|Indonesia - Lampung
|----
|ind
|[[Social:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]
| 43,000,000
|Official language of Indonesia and also a major lingua franca, also used as a working/secondary official language in East Timor
|----
|jak
|[[Social:Jakun language|Jakun]]
| 25,000?
|Malaysia - Johor and Pahang
|----
|jax
|[[Social:Jambi Malay|Jambi Malay]]
| 1,000,000
|Indonesia - Jambi
|----
|vkk
|[[Social:Kaur language|Kaur]]
| 40,000
|Indonesia
|----
|meo
|[[Social:Kedah Malay|Kedah Malay]]
| 2,600,000
|Malaysia - Western part of Kedah (Langkawi, Kubang Pasu, Alor Setar, Pokok Sena, Pendang, Yan, Sungai Petani, Kulim, Bandar Bharu, parts of Padang Terap), Perlis, Penang, Northern part of the state of Perak  Thailand - Satun, Trang, Songkhla, Krabi, Phang Nga, Phuket, Ranong, Phattalung, Yala Myanmar - Taninthayi 
|----
| -
|Baling Malay or Kedah Malay
| 2,600,000
|Malaysia - Eastern part of Kedah (Baling, Sik, Padang Terap, parts of Kulim, Kubang Pasu and Pendang), Northeastern part of the state of Perak (Hulu Perak and Larut, Matang and Selama), Yala, Pattani, Songkhla
|----
|kvr
|[[Social:Kerinci language|Kerinci]]
| 290,000
|Indonesia - Jambi (in Sungai Penuh and Kerinci Regency)
|----
|mqg
|[[Social:Kutai Malay|Kota Bangun Kutai Malay]]
| 300,000
|Indonesia
|----
|kvb
|Kubu
| 10,000
|Indonesia
|----
|lrt
|[[Social:Larantuka Malay|Larantuka Malay]]
| 20,000
|Indonesia 
|----
|lce
|Loncong
| 420
|Indonesia 
|----
|lcf
|Lubu
| 30,000
|Indonesia
|----
|mly
|Malay (individual language)
|
|Code was retired 2008-02-18, Split into: Standard Malay [zsm], Haji [hji], Papuan Malay [pmy] and Malay (individual language) [zlm]. Note: pmy is not part of the macrolanguage.
|----
| -
|[[Social:Perak Malay|Perak Malay]]
| 1,400,000
|Malaysia - Perak, the main dialect spoken in the state with high concentration of native speakers in the state capital, Ipoh
|----
|zlm
|Malay (individual language)
|
|
|----
| -
|[[Social:Pahang Malay|Pahang Malay]]
| ?
|Malaysia - Pahang
|----
|xmm
|[[Social:Manado Malay|Manado Malay]]
| 850,000
|Indonesia - Manado
|----
|min
|[[Social:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]
| 5,500,000
|Indonesia - West Sumatra, lingua franca in the western coast of Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia as well as the main dialect in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
|----|Indonesia - South Sumatra
|----
|zmi
|Negeri Sembilan Malay
| 
|Malaysia - Negeri Sembilan, a sub-dialect of the [[Social:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau language]]
|----
|max
|[[Social:North Moluccan Malay|North Moluccan Malay]] (Ternate)
| 700,000
|Indonesia
|----
|mui
|Musi or Palembang Malay
| 3,100,000
|Indonesia
|----
|orn
|Orang Kanaq
| 80
|Malaysia - Johor
|----
|ors
|[[Social:Orang Seletar language|Orang Seletar]]
| 1,500
|Malaysia - Johor and Singapore
|----
|mfa
|[[Social:Kelantan-Pattani Malay|Kelantan-Pattani Malay]]
| 2,500,000?
|Malaysia - Kelantan, also spoken in neighbouring Besut and Setiu (Terengganu). <br> Thailand - Pattani Province, Narathiwat Province, Yala Province 
|----
|pel
|Pekal
| 30,000
|Indonesia
|----
|msi
|Sabah Malay (pidgin)
| (many L2 speakers)
|Malaysia - Sabah and Labuan
|----
|zsm
|[[Social:Malaysian language|Malaysian/Standard Malay]]
|
|Standard language in Malaysia and [[Place:Singapore|Singapore]]. Co-official and national language of Brunei other than [[Social:Brunei Malay|Brunei Malay]]
|----
|tmw
|[[Social:Temuan language|Temuan]]
| 23,000
|Malaysia - Pahang, Selangor, Malacca, Johor and Negeri Sembilan
|----
|vkt
|[[Social:Kutai Malay|Tenggarong Kutai Malay]]
| 300,000
|Indonesia
|----
| -
|[[Social:Terengganu Malay|Terengganu Malay]]
| 1,100,000
|Malaysia - Terengganu, also spoken in neighbouring Kuantan (Pahang) as well as Mersing (Johor)
|----
|urk
|Urak Lawoi'
| 5,000
|Thailand - Phuket and Krabi
|----
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*Ethnic Malays
*Malajoe Batawi


{{DEFAULTSORT:Malay languages}}
[[Category:Agglutinative languages]]

{{Sourceattribution|Malayan languages|1}}