View source for Software:Camino (web browser)

{{short description|Discontinued open-source web browser}}
{{Infobox software
| name                   = Camino
| logo                   = Camino Logo.png
| logo size              = 64px
| logo alt               = Camino Icon
| screenshot             = Camino screenshot.png
| screenshot size        = 300px
| screenshot alt         = Screenshot of Camino 2.1
| caption                = Camino 2.1 under Mac OS X 10.7 Lion
| developer              = The Camino Project
| released               = {{release date and age|2002|2|13}}
| discontinued           = yes
| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|preferred|reference|edit|Q727089|P348|P548=Q2804309}}
| latest release date    = {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|Q727089|P348|P548=Q2804309|P577}}}}
| programming language   = [[Objective-C]] Cocoa
| operating system       = [[Software:MacOS|OS X]]
| language               = Multilingual{{Which|date=May 2013}}
| genre                  = [[Software:Web browser|Web browser]]<br/>Feed reader
| license                = [[Software:Mozilla Public License|MPL]] 1.1/ [[Software:GNU General Public License|GPL]] 2.0/ [[Software:GNU Lesser General Public License|LGPL]] 2.1 tri-license
| website                = {{URL|https://caminobrowser.org/}}
}}

'''Camino''' (from the [[Social:Spanish language|Spanish]] word ''{{wiktspa|camino}}'' meaning "path") is a discontinued [[Free software|free]], [[Open-source software|open source]], [[Graphical user interface|GUI-based]] [[Software:Web browser|Web browser]] based on [[Organization:Mozilla Foundation|Mozilla]]'s Gecko [[Software:Browser engine|layout engine]] and specifically designed for the [[Software:MacOS|OS X]] [[Operating system|operating system]]. In place of an [[XUL]]-based user interface used by most Mozilla-based applications, Camino used Mac-native Cocoa [[Application programming interface|API]]s.  On May 30, 2013, the Camino Project announced that the browser is no longer being developed.<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/ Camino reaches its end]. ''Camino reaches its end'' (2013-05-30). Retrieved on 2013-05-30.</ref>

As Camino's aim was to integrate as well as possible with OS X, it used the [[Software:Aqua (user interface)|Aqua user interface]] and integrated a number of OS X services and features such as the Keychain for password management and [[Software:Bonjour|Bonjour]] for scanning available bookmarks across the local network. Other notable features included an integrated [[Pop-up ad|pop-up]] blocker and ad blocker, and tabbed browsing that included an overview feature allowing tabs to be viewed all at once as pages.<ref name="Reference11">{{Cite web |url=http://caminobrowser.org/features/ |title=What makes Camino special? |access-date=2010-07-25 |archive-date=2016-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160908144609/http://caminobrowser.org/features/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Reference10">[http://www.macworld.com/article/143942/2009/11/camino2.html Camino 2.0 adds Tab Overview, improved annoyance blocking | E-Mail & Internet | MacUser]. Macworld. Retrieved on 2010-11-11.</ref>

The browser was developed by the Camino Project, a community organization. Mike Pinkerton had been the technical lead of the Camino project since Dave Hyatt moved to the [[Software:Safari (web browser)|Safari]] team at [[Company:Apple Inc.|Apple Inc.]] in mid-2002.

==History==
<div style="float:right; clear:right;">
<timeline>
Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar
Define $dy = -3 # shift text to right side of bar
Define $now = 07/12/2011
Define $start = 13/02/2002

ImageSize  = width:140 height:550
PlotArea   = width:50 height:530 left:50 bottom:10

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period     = from:$start till:$now
TimeAxis   = orientation:vertical
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1 start:2003

PlotData=
  bar:Leaders color:blue width:25 mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:S

  from:13/02/2002 till:$now

  from:13/02/2002 till:13/02/2002 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:0.1
  from:06/04/2002 till:06/04/2002 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:0.2
  from:24/07/2002 till:24/07/2002 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:0.4
  from:09/09/2002 till:09/09/2002 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:0.5
  from:05/11/2002 till:05/11/2002 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:0.6
  from:06/03/2003 till:06/03/2003 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:0.7
  from:25/06/2004 till:25/06/2004 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:0.8
  from:14/02/2006 till:14/02/2006 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:1.0
  from:05/06/2007 till:05/06/2007 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:1.5
  from:17/04/2008 till:17/04/2008 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:1.6
  from:18/11/2009 till:18/11/2009 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:2.0
  from:29/11/2011 till:29/11/2011 shift:($dx,$dy) fontsize:XS text:2.1
</timeline>
</div>
{| class="toccolours" style="float:right; clear:right; margin-right:1em;"
|+ '''Camino timeline'''<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://caminobrowser.org/download/
| title = Camino - Download - Releases
| publisher = Camino
| access-date = 2010-08-24 }}</ref>
|-
! Version
! Date
|-
!0.1
|February 13, 2002
|-
!0.2
|April 6, 2002
|-
!0.4
|July 24, 2002
|-
!0.5
|September 9, 2002
|-
!0.6
|November 5, 2002
|-
!0.7
|March 6, 2003
|-
!0.8
|June 25, 2004
|-
!1.0
|February 14, 2006
|-
!1.5
|June 5, 2007
|-
!1.6
|April 17, 2008
|-
!2.0
|November 18, 2009
|-
!2.0.7
|March 22, 2011
|-
!2.0.8
|September 9, 2011
|-
!2.0.9
|September 14, 2011
|-
!2.1
|November 29, 2011
|}

In late 2001, Mike Pinkerton and Vidur Apparao started a project within Netscape to prove that Gecko could be embedded in a Cocoa application. In early 2002 Dave Hyatt, one of the co-creators of [[Software:Mozilla Firefox|Firefox]] (then called Phoenix), joined the team and built Chimera, a small, lightweight browser wrapper, around their work.<ref name=Ars>{{cite web|last=Bangeman|first=Eric|title=Interview with Camino Project head Mike Pinkerton|url=https://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2004/09/mac-20040923.ars|date=2004-09-22|access-date=2011-12-28|publisher=Ars Technica}}</ref> "Chimera" is a mythological beast with parts taken from various animals and as the new browser represented an early example of Carbon/C++ code interacting with Cocoa/[[Objective-C]] code, the name must have seemed apt.

The first downloadable build of Chimera 0.1 was released on February 13, 2002. The early releases became popular due to their fast page-loading speeds (as compared with then-dominant Mac browser, [[Company:Microsoft|Microsoft]]'s [[Software:Internet Explorer for Mac|Internet Explorer version 5]] or OmniGroup's [[Software:OmniWeb|OmniWeb]], which then used the [[Software:Cocoa text system|Cocoa text system]] as its rendering engine).

Hyatt was hired by Apple Computer in mid-2002 to start work on what would become [[Software:Safari (web browser)|Safari]]. Meanwhile, the Chimera developers got a small team together within Netscape, with dedicated development and [[Quality assurance#Quality assurance|QA]], to put together a Netscape-branded technology preview for the January 2003 Macworld Conference. However, two days before the show, AOL management decided to abandon the entire project. Despite this setback, a skeleton crew of QA and developers released Camino 0.7 on March 3, 2003.<ref name=Ars />

The name was changed from Chimera to Camino for legal reasons. Because of its roots in [[Religion:Greek mythology|Greek mythology]], [[Social:Chimera (mythology)|''Chimera'']] has been a popular choice of name for [[Hypermedia|hypermedia]] systems.{{Citation needed|date=July 2018}} One of the first graphical web browsers was called Chimera,<ref>[http://www.chimera.org/ Chimera<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010405072223/http://www.chimera.org/ |date=2001-04-05 }}</ref> and researchers at the [[Organization:University of California, Irvine|University of California, Irvine]], have also developed a complete hypermedia system of the same name.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/chimera/# |title=Chimera 2.0<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2003-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611234546/http://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/chimera/# |archive-date=2010-06-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Camino'' is [[Social:Spanish language|Spanish]] for "path" or "road" (as in El Camino Real, aka the Royal Road), and the name was chosen to continue the "[[Software:Netscape Navigator|Navigator]]" motif.<ref name=Ars /><ref>[http://www.caminobrowser.org/support/faq/#about_name Camino. Documentation. FAQ<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

While version 0.7 was primarily a Netscape-driven release kept afloat at the end by open source, version 0.8 was, according to lead developer Pinkerton, "a triumph of open source and open process. People from all around the world helped with patches, QA, bug triage, localization, artwork, and evangelism."<ref name=Ars />

In March 2005, Camino's Web site was moved from the [[Organization:Mozilla Foundation|Mozilla Foundation]]'s domain ''mozilla.org'' to the Camino Project's domain ''caminobrowser.org''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://caminobrowser.org/blog/2005/#welcometo|last=Sidler|first=Samuel|title=Welcome to the New Camino Project Website!|publisher=Camino. Blog.}}</ref>

In September 2005, Pinkerton accepted a position at [[Company:Google|Google]] where he worked closely with Google's Firefox team and continued to work on Camino during his [[Company:Google#Innovation Time Off|"twenty percent" time]].

Camino 1.0, released on February 14, 2006, was the first browser of the Mozilla family to appear as a [[Universal binary|universal binary]], thanks largely to the efforts of Mark Mentovai, another of the Camino developers.

Camino 2.0, released on November 18, 2009, introduced many new interface features to the browser including movable tabs and tab preview. It was the first Camino release to be [[Acid2]]-compliant.<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/releases/2.0/ Camino. Releases. 2.0]. ''The Camino Project'' (2009-11-18). Retrieved on 2010-11-11.</ref>

With the release of Camino 2.1 in 2011, the developers announced plans to transition to [[Software:WebKit|WebKit]] for future versions, as Mozilla had dropped support for Gecko embedding.<ref name=ArsEmbed>{{cite web|title=WebKit best option for Camino as Mozilla drops Gecko embedding|url=https://arstechnica.com/apple/2011/04/webkit-best-option-for-camino-as-mozilla-drops-gecko-embedding/|last=Foresman|first=Chris|date=April 1, 2011|work=Ars Technica|publisher=Condé Nast|access-date=October 4, 2012}}</ref>

The final release was 2.1.2 released on March 14, 2012.<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/blog/2012/ Camino. Blog. 2012 Archives]. ''The Camino Project'' (2012-02-22). Retrieved on 2012-02-24.</ref>

On May 30, 2013, Stuart Morgan announced on Camino Blog that Camino had reached its end and was no longer being developed.<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/blog/2013/ Camino. Blog. 2013 Archives]. "Camino Reaches Its End" (2013-05-30). Retrieved on 2013-05-30.</ref>

== Standards compliance ==
Camino 2.0, released on November 18, 2009, introduced many new interface features to the browser including moveable tabs and tab preview. It was the first Camino release to be [[Acid2]]-compliant.

The final release (2.1.2) scores a 99/100 on the Acid3 test.

Camino's HTML5 support via the ''HTML5 test'' standards testbed is limited.

== Multilingual support ==
Camino 2.1.2 is available in the following languages:
* Dutch
* German
* English (US)
* French
* Italian
* Japanese
* Swedish
* Chinese (Simplified)
* Norwegian
* Spanish

==Version compatibility==
{| class ="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! [[Software:MacOS|OS X]] version
! Latest version
! Gecko release
|-
| v10.1
| 0.8.5
| 1.7.6<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/releases/0.8.5/ Camino. Releases. 0.8.5]. Caminobrowser.org (2006-04-25). Retrieved on 2010-11-11.</ref>
|-
| v10.2.8
| 1.0.6
| 1.8.0.13<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/releases/1.0.6/ Camino. Releases. 1.0.6]. Caminobrowser.org (2007-08-30). Retrieved on 2010-11-11.</ref>
|-
| v10.3.0
| 1.5.5
| 1.8.1.12<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/releases/1.5.5/ Camino. Releases. 1.5.5]. Caminobrowser.org (2008-02-07). Retrieved on 2010-11-11.</ref>
|-
| v10.3.9
| 1.6.11
| 1.8.1.24<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/releases/1.6.11/ Camino. Releases. 1.6.11]. Caminobrowser.org (2010-03-15). Retrieved on 2010-11-11.</ref>
|-
| v10.4
| rowspan="5"|2.1.2
| rowspan="5"|1.9.2.28<ref>[http://caminobrowser.org/releases/2.1.2/ Camino. Releases. 2.1.2]. Caminobrowser.org (2012-03-14). Retrieved on 2012-10-04.</ref>
|-
| v10.5

|-
| v10.6
|-
| [[Software:Mac OS X Lion|v10.7]]
|-
| [[Software:OS X Mountain Lion|v10.8]]
|}

==See also==
*Browser timeline
*[[Software:Comparison of web browsers|Comparison of web browsers]]
*[[Software:List of web browsers|List of web browsers]]
*[[Java Embedding Plugin]]
* [[Software:K-Meleon|K-Meleon]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGTbVz38CNo Mike Pinkerton talks about Camino]&nbsp;– "Open Source Developers at Google" Speaker Series

{{gopher clients}}
{{Aggregators}}
{{Mozilla projects}}
{{Timeline of web browsers|2000s}}
{{Web browsers|desktop}}

[[Category:Free software programmed in Objective-C]]
[[Category:Free web browsers]]
[[Category:MacOS web browsers]]
[[Category:Portable software]]

{{Sourceattribution|Camino (web browser)}}