View source for Software:WebOS

{{short description|Linux kernel–based operating system developed by LG, previously Palm and HP}}
{{Lowercase title}}
{{Infobox OS
| name = webOS
| logo = LG WebOS New.svg
| logo size = 240px
| screenshot = LG webOS.jpg
| caption = webOS running on an LG [[Engineering:Smart TV|smart TV]]
| developer = [[Company:LG Electronics|LG Electronics]],<br />Previously [[Company:Hewlett-Packard|Hewlett-Packard]] & [[Company:Palm, Inc.|Palm]]
| family = [[Software:Linux|Linux]] ([[Unix-like]])
| ui = Graphical (Luna)
| license = [[Software:Apache License|Apache License]]
| website = {{URL|http://webosose.org|Open-source website}}<br />{{URL|http://webostv.developer.lge.com|Developer website}}
| programmed_in = [[C++]], [[Software:Qt|Qt]]<ref>{{cite web|title=QtWS15- Bringing LG webOS and Qt to millions of smartTVs | website=[[Company:YouTube|YouTube]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-DGijemc7M |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/N-DGijemc7M |archive-date=2021-12-15 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
| kernel_type = [[Monolithic kernel|Monolithic]] ([[Software:Linux kernel|Linux kernel]])
| supported_platforms = [[ARM architecture|ARM]]
| Working_State = Abandoned
| latest_release_version = {{ubl|'''LG TV:''' 6.1|'''Open-source:''' 2.5.0|'''HP TouchPad:''' 3.0.5|'''Palm Pre:''' 2.2.4}}
| latest_release_date = 
| marketing_target = Embedded devices
| prog_language = [[Software:Qt|Qt]], [[HTML5]], [[C (programming language)|C]], [[C++]]
| working state = 
| source_model = Source-available
}}
'''webOS''', also known as '''LG webOS''' and previously known as '''Open webOS,''' '''HP webOS''' and '''Palm webOS''',<ref>{{cite web|title=HP webOS Developer FAQ |url=https://developer.palm.com/content/resources/develop/faq.html#c31712 | publisher=Palm, Inc.}}</ref> is a [[Software:Linux kernel|Linux kernel]]-based [[Computer multitasking|multitasking]] [[Operating system|operating system]] for [[Smart device|smart device]]s such as [[Engineering:Smart TV|smart TV]]s that has also been used as a [[Mobile operating system|mobile operating system]]. Initially developed by [[Company:Palm, Inc.|Palm, Inc.]] (which was acquired by [[Company:Hewlett-Packard|Hewlett-Packard]]), HP made the platform [[Open-source software|open source]], at which point it became ''Open webOS.''

The operating system was later sold to [[Company:LG Electronics|LG Electronics]], and was made primarily a smart TV operating system for LG televisions as a successor to LG Netcast. In January 2014, [[Company:Qualcomm|Qualcomm]] announced that it had acquired technology patents from HP, which included all the webOS and Palm patents; LG licenses them to use in their devices.

Various versions of webOS have been featured on several devices since launching in 2009, including [[Engineering:Palm Pre|Pre]], [[Engineering:Palm Pixi|Pixi]], and [[Engineering:HP Veer|Veer]] smartphones, [[Engineering:HP TouchPad|TouchPad]] [[Engineering:Tablet computer|tablet]], LG's smart TVs since 2014, LG's smart refrigerators and smart projectors since 2017.

In mid-2022 the entire previous archive of Palm's webOS App Catalog, SDK, and help system were brought back on https://www.webosarchive.com/.

==History==
===2009–2010: Launch by Palm===
Palm launched webOS, then called '''Palm webOS''', in January 2009 as the successor to [[Software:Palm OS|Palm OS]]. The first webOS device was the original [[Engineering:Palm Pre|Palm Pre]], released by Sprint in June 2009. The [[Engineering:Palm Pixi|Palm Pixi]] followed. Upgraded "Plus" versions of both Pre and Pixi were released on Verizon and AT&T. {{citation needed|date=April 2018}}

===2010–2013: Acquisition by HP; the launch of Open webOS===
In April 2010, HP acquired Palm.  The acquisition of Palm was initiated while Mark Hurd was CEO, however he resigned shortly after the acquisition was completed. Later, webOS was described by new HP CEO Leo Apotheker as a key asset and motivation for the purchase. The $1.2 billion acquisition finalized in June. HP indicated its intention to develop the webOS platform for use in multiple new products, including smartphones, tablets, and [[Engineering:Printer (computing)|printers]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last= Bajarin|first=Ben|title=HP Is Committed to Its 'webOS' Platform (and It Should Be).|series=TechLand|magazine={{wipe|Time (magazine)}}|publisher=Time Inc.|date=June 30, 2011|url=http://techland.time.com/2011/06/30/hp-is-committed-to-its-webos-platform-and-it-should-be/#ixzz1QshLqoCZ |access-date= November 27, 2013}}</ref>

[[File:Jon Rubinstein & Todd Bradley.jpg|thumb|HP executives demonstrating webOS devices in 2011|228x228px]]In February 2011, HP announced that it would use webOS as the universal platform for all its devices.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/hp-snubs-windows-plans-to-integrate-webos-into-pcs|title=HP snubs Windows, plans to integrate webOS into PCs |publisher=Digital Trends|date=February 9, 2011|access-date=June 14, 2013}}</ref> However, HP also made the decision<ref name="HPThanks">{{cite web|url=http://blog.palm.com/palm/2011/02/thanks-really-for-the-feedback.html|title=Thanks (really!) for the feedback|publisher=Hewlett Packard|access-date=2011-02-14|archive-date=2011-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718120952/http://blog.palm.com/palm/2011/02/thanks-really-for-the-feedback.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> that the Palm Pre, Palm Pixi, and the "Plus" revisions would not receive over-the-air updates to webOS 2.0,<ref name= HPBreaksPromise>{{cite web|url=http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=17498&news=hp+palm+webos+2.0+pre+pix|title=HP Breaks Promise: webOS 2.0 Upgrades for Palm Pre and Pixi Not Coming|work=Brighthand.com|access-date=February 13, 2011}}</ref> despite a previous commitment to an upgrade "in coming months."<ref name= brighthand17244>{{cite news|last=Hardy|first=Ed|title=HP Commits to webOS 2.0 Upgrades for All Palm Smartphones| work= Brighthand.com|date=November 20, 2010|url=http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=17244&news=HP+Palm+webOS+2.0+Pre+Pixi+Upgrade|access-date=November 27, 2013}}</ref> HP announced several webOS devices, including the HP Veer and HP Pre 3 smartphones, running webOS 2.2, and the [[Engineering:HP TouchPad|HP TouchPad]], a tablet computer released in July 2011 that runs webOS 3.0.

In March 2011, HP announced plans for a version of webOS by the end of 2011 to run within [[Software:Microsoft Windows|Windows]],<ref>{{cite news|last= Hollister|first=Sean|title=HP TouchPad coming June, webOS for PC beta by year's end|work= Engadget|publisher=AOL Inc.|date=March 14, 2011|url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/03/14/hp-touchpad-coming-june-webos-for-pc-beta-by-years-end|access-date=November 27, 2013}}</ref> and to be installed on all HP desktop and notebook computers in 2012.<ref>{{cite news|title=Apotheker Seeks to Save HP's 'Lost Soul' With Software Growth|work=BusinessWeek|publisher=[[Company:Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg L.P.]]|date=March 9, 2011|url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-03-09/apotheker-seeks-to-save-hp-s-lost-soul-with-software-growth.html|access-date=March 9, 2011}}</ref> Neither ever materialized, although work had begun on an x86 port around this time involving a team in Fort Collins, Colorado; work was scrapped later in the year.{{citation needed|date= November 2016}}

In August 2011, HP announced that it was interested in selling its Personal Systems Group, responsible for all of its consumer PC products, including webOS, and that webOS device development and production lines would be halted.<ref>{{cite web|title= Developing and Distributing with HP: Developer Program Details|work= palm.com|publisher= Hewlett-Packard Development Company|year=2010|url=http://developer.palm.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1840&Itemid=34|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201180033/http://developer.palm.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1840&Itemid=34|archive-date= December 1, 2010}}<!--Original|accessdate=March 10, 2011--></ref><ref>{{cite news |title= HP Confirms Discussions with Autonomy Corporation plc Regarding Possible Business Combination; Makes Other Announcements |work= Press release |date= August 18, 2011 |url= http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110818006301/en/HP-Confirms-Discussions-Autonomy-Corporation-plc-Business |access-date= August 18, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=HP kills webOS, spins off PC business to focus on software|work= AppleInsider|date=August 11, 2011 |url= http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/08/18/hp_to_spin_off_pc_business_to_focus_on_enterprise_software.html|access-date=August 18, 2011}}</ref> It remained unclear whether HP would consider licensing webOS software to other manufacturers. When HP reduced the price of the Touchpad to $99, the existing inventory quickly sold out.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/238542/hp_touchpad_selling_out_during_fire_sale.html|title=$99 HP TouchPad Selling Out During Fire Sale|work=PCWorld|access-date=August 7, 2017|language=en}}</ref>

The HP Pre 3 was launched in select areas of Europe, and US-based units were available only through unofficial channels (both AT&T and Verizon canceled their orders just prior to delivery after Apotheker's (HP's CEO at the time) announcement.<ref name="allthings">{{cite news|last=Fried|first=Ina|title=HP: webOS Still Coming to PCs and Printers, Pre3 Launching in "Limited" Markets|work=AllThingsD|publisher=Dow Jones & Company|date=August 22, 2011|url=http://allthingsd.com/20110822/hp-webos-still-coming-to-pcs-and-printers-pre3-launching-in-limited-markets/ |access-date=August 24, 2011}}</ref> Notably, these US Pre 3 units, having been released through unofficial channels, lacked both warranties and carried no support obligation from HP; as a result parts are nearly impossible to come by. HP announced that it would continue to issue updates for the HP Veer and [[Engineering:HP TouchPad|HP TouchPad]], but these updates have failed to materialize for the former, and the latter saw a final, unofficial release called "webOS CE" that contained only open-sourced components of webOS meant for what remained of the developer community rather than a conventional, user-centric update to the operating system. The last HP webOS version, 3.0.5, was released on January 12, 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/1/12/2702658/hp-touchpad-updated-to-webos-3-0-5|title=HP TouchPad updated to webOS 3.0.5|last=Ziegler|first=Chris|date=January 12, 2012|website=The Verge|access-date=August 7, 2017}}</ref>

In December 2011, after abandoning the TouchPad and the proposed sale of the HP Personal Systems Group, HP announced it would release webOS [[Source code|source code]] in the near future under an [[Open-source license|open-source license]].<ref name= HpWebOsOpenSource>{{cite press release|title= HP to Contribute webOS to Open Source|url= http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/newsroom/press/2011/111209xa.html|work= HP.com |publisher= Hewlett-Packard | date= December 9, 2011|access-date= December 10, 2011}}</ref> In August 2012, code specific to the existing devices was released as ''webOS Community Edition'' (CE), with support for the existing HP hardware.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/08/hp-releases-more-open-webos-code-including-system-manager-and-core-apps/ | title= HP releases more Open webOS code, including System Manager and core apps | website= arstechnica.com | first= Ryan | last= Paul | date=August 3, 2012}}</ref> Open webOS includes open source libraries designed to target a wider range of hardware. HP renamed its webOS unit as "Gram".<ref name= DGram>{{cite news|last=Hesseldahl|first=Arik|title=Meet Gram, HP's New Name for the Company Formerly Known as Palm|work= All Things D|date=August 15, 2012|url=http://allthingsd.com/20120815/meet-gram-hps-new-name-for-the-company-formerly-known-as-palm|access-date= August 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last= Musil| first=Steven|title=HP spins off webOS business, rebranding it as 'Gram' |work= CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive|date= August 15, 2012|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-57494236-94/hp-spins-off-webos-business-rebranding-it-as-gram|access-date=December 5, 2012}}</ref>

In February 2012, HP released Isis, a new web browser for Open webOS.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webosnation.com/hp-releases-open-webos-new-browser-isis-javascript-core-and-enyo-ui-widgets|title=HP releases Open webOS' new browser Isis, JavaScript core, and Enyo UI widgets 34|last1=Kessler|first1=Derek|date=February 14, 2012|access-date= April 20, 2015}}</ref>

====Growth and decline of HP App Catalog====
The '''HP App Catalog''' was an [[Software:App store|app store]] for apps for the mobile devices running webOS.

On June 6, 2009, webOS launched on the [[Engineering:Palm Pre|Palm Pre]] with 18 available apps. The number of apps grew to 30 by June 17, 2009,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/18/palm-pre-prepared-for-the-spotlight|title=Palm Pre Prepared For The Spotlight?|last=Barletta |first= Bryan|date=June 18, 2009|publisher=Medialets, Inc.}}</ref> with 1 million cumulative downloads by June 27, 2009;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medialets.com/blog/2009/06/24/palm-pre-app-catalog-reaches-1-million-downloads|title=Palm Pre App Catalog Reaches 1 Million Downloads|author=Barletta, Bryan|date=June 24, 2009|publisher=Medialets, Inc.}}</ref> 30 official and 31 unofficial apps by July 13, 2009;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.precentral.net/palm-pre-homebrew-31-apps-official-app-catalog-30|title=Palm Pre Homebrew: 31 Apps. Official App Catalog: 30|author=Bohn, Dieter|date=July 10, 2009|work=PreCentral.net|publisher=Smartphone Experts|access-date=March 4, 2012|archive-date=October 6, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006124502/http://www.precentral.net/palm-pre-homebrew-31-apps-official-app-catalog-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> 1,000 official apps by January 1, 2010;<ref>{{cite web|last=Werlinger|first=Robert|title=App Catalog Hits 1000 apps|publisher=webOS Nation|date=January 1, 2010|url=http://www.precentral.net/app-catalog-hits-1000-apps|access-date=April 27, 2012|archive-date=October 6, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006124724/http://www.precentral.net/app-catalog-hits-1000-apps|url-status=dead}}</ref> 4,000 official apps September 29, 2010;<ref>{{cite web|last=Bohn|first=Dieter|title=webOS surpasses 5,000 apps|publisher= webOS Nation |date=September 29, 2010|url=http://www.webosnation.com/webos-surpasses-5-000-apps|access-date=April 27, 2012}}</ref> and 10,002 official apps on December 9, 2011.<ref>[http://www.webosnation.com/touchpad-breaks-1000-app-milestone Touchpad breaks 1,000 app milestone]. webOSNation.com, December 9, 2011.</ref>

Subsequently, the number of available apps decreased because many apps were withdrawn from the App Catalog by their owners. Examples include the apps for ''{{wipe|The New York Times}}'' and [[Company:Pandora Radio|Pandora Radio]]. After a Catalog splash screen on November 11, 2014 announcing its deprecation, the HP App Catalog servers were permanently shut down on March 15, 2015. The number of functional apps remaining at that time is unknown but was probably much lower due to the imminent abandonment of the project.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/6/5/3062611/palm-webos-hp-inside-story-pre-postmortem|title=Pre to postmortem: the inside story of the death of Palm and webOS|last=Ziegler|first=Chris|date=2012-06-05|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-11-10|language=en-US}}</ref>

=== 2013–present: Acquisition by LG; open-source edition launch ===
On February 25, 2013, HP announced that it was selling webOS to [[Company:LG Electronics|LG Electronics]] for use on its web-enabled [[Engineering:Smart TV|smart TV]]s, replacing its previous NetCast platform.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webosnation.com/gram-working-lg-open-webos-tv|title=Gram working with LG on an Open webOS TV|work=webOS Nation|date=October 24, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www8.hp.com/us/en/hp-news/press-release.html?id=1375489#.USvx7qK-q2E|title=LG Electronics Acquires webOS from HP to Enhance Smart TV|work=Press Release: February 25, 2013|publisher=Hewlett-Packard|date=February 25, 2013|access-date=June 14, 2013}}</ref> Under the agreement LG Electronics owns the documentation, source code, developers and all related websites. However, HP would still hold on to patents from Palm as well as cloud-based services such as the App Catalog.<ref>{{cite news|title=HP offloads Palm webOS assets to Korea's LG|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-21587666|work=BBC News|date=26 February 2013 |access-date=February 26, 2013}}</ref> In 2014, HP sold its webOS patents to Qualcomm.<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2014/01/24/qualcomm-purchases-hp-patents/4819069/ Qualcomm purchases Palm patents from HP] USA Today January 24, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2016</ref>

As well as its use as an OS for smart TVs, LG has expanded its use to various IoT devices. As a starting point, LG showcased a LG Wearable Platform OS (webOS) smartwatch in early 2015.<ref>{{cite web|first=Nilay | last= Patel|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/2/25/4027814/hp-emerges-as-big-winner-in-webos-sale|title=HP emerges as big winner in webOS sale|work=The Verge|publisher=Vox Media|date=February 25, 2013|access-date=January 6, 2014}}</ref> 
At CES 2017, LG announced a smart refrigerator with webOS.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=diqI7XLXlXg|title=LG at CES 2017 - LG InstaView™ Door-in-Door® Refrigerator|work=LG Global|date=January 6, 2017|access-date=September 13, 2017}}</ref>

On March 19, 2018, LG announced an open-source edition of webOS.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=LG-webOS-Open-Source-Edition|title=LG Announces webOS Open-Source Edition|publisher=Phoronix|author=Michael Larabel|date=March 19, 2018|access-date=March 20, 2018}}</ref> This edition would allow developers to download the source code for free as well as take advantage of related tools, guides, and forums on its new open source website to become more familiar with webOS and its inherent benefits as a smart device's platform. LG hopes that this will help its goal of advancing its philosophy of open platform, open partnership and open connectivity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lgnewsroom.com/2018/03/webos-enters-next-phase-as-global-platform-under-lgs-stewardship/|title=WEBOS ENTERS NEXT PHASE AS GLOBAL PLATFORM UNDER LG'S STEWARDSHIP|publisher=LG|date=March 19, 2018|access-date=March 20, 2018}}</ref>

=== 2022: Palm's webOS App Catalog, SDK and online help system revived ===
On June 2, 2022, a developer by the name of [https://github.com/codepoet80 codepoet] on [[Social:Hacker News|Hacker News]] announced he had resurrected Palm's webOS App Catalog, SDK and online help system at [https://www.webosarchive.com/ «webOS Archive»] site.<ref name="webOS Archive">{{cite web |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31607318 |title=Show HN: I restored Palm's webOS App Catalog, SDK and online help system |publisher=Hacker News |access-date=2022-06-03}}</ref>

The size of the [https://appcatalog.webosarchive.com/ «App Catalog»] in «webOS Archive» contains over 36 gigabytes of previous application library resources as well as developer documentation and tools to begin building again on the platform.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/webOSAppCatalogArchive-Complete |title=webOS App Catalog Archive - Complete |author=Various Developers, archived by webOS Archive |date=10 March 2022 |publisher=Internet Archive |access-date=2022-06-03}}</ref>

==Features==
The webOS mobile platform introduced some innovative features, such as the cards interface or the gesture navigation, that are still in use by [[Company:Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[Company:Microsoft|Microsoft]] and [[Company:Google|Google]] on their mobile operating systems [[Software:IOS|iOS]], [[Software:Windows Phone|Windows Phone]], and [[Software:Android (operating system)|Android]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/06/12/jon-rubinstein-os-x-and-ios-7-borrow-features-from-webos/|title=Jon Rubinstein: OS X and iOS 7 borrow features from webOS|website=Engadget|access-date=August 7, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bohn |first=Dieter |date=2017-09-15 |title=What the iPhone X borrowed from the Palm Pre |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/9/15/16300402/iphone-x-webos-palm-pre-cards-gestures-nostalgia |access-date=2022-06-09 |website=The Verge |language=en}}</ref>{{multiple image
 | direction = vertical
 | width = 180
 | header= ''Logo history''
 | image1 = Palm webOS logo.svg
 | caption1 = Palm webOS logo
 | image2 = WebOS.png
 | caption2 = HP webOS logo
 | image3 = OpenWebOS logo.png
 | caption3 = Open webOS logo
 | image4 = LG WebOS New.svg
 | caption4 = LG webOS logo
 }}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Features from releases of webOS
! scope="col" | Feature
! scope="col" width="250"| LG webOS
! scope="col" width="150"| Open webOS
! scope="col" width="150"| HP/Palm webOS
|-
! scope="row" | Multitasking interface
| style="text-align:center" | Line cards
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | Cards
|-
! scope="row" | Gesture interface
| style="text-align:center" | Magic Remote
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | touch screen and physical keyboard
|-
! scope="row" | App store
| style="text-align:center" | LG Content Store
| {{No}}
| style="text-align:center" | HP App Catalog
|-
! scope="row" | Over-the-air updates
| colspan="3" {{Yes}}
|-
! scope="row" | Service discovery
| {{Free|Connect SDK}}
| {{No}}
| {{Yes2|zeroconf / Touch to Share}}
|-
! scope="row" | Open source
| {{Partial}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Open Source edition home page|url=http://webosose.org/|access-date=April 3, 2018}}</ref>
| {{Yes}}
| {{Partial}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Open Source Packages|url=http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|access-date=April 6, 2014}}</ref>
|}

=== HP/Palm webOS ===
[[File:Palm webOS Launcher.png|thumb|right|312x312px|Screenshot of Palm webOS Launcher (2010)]]

====Multitasking interface====
Navigation uses multi-touch [[Pointing device gesture|gestures]] on the [[Engineering:Touchscreen|touchscreen]]. The interface uses "cards" to manage [[Computer multitasking|multitasking]] and represent apps. The user switches between running apps with a flick from left and right on the screen. Apps are closed by flicking a "card" up—and "off"—the screen. The app "cards" can be rearranged for organization. webOS 2.0 introduced 'stacks', where related cards could be "stacked" together.

====Synergy====
Palm referred to integration of information from many sources as "Synergy." Users can sign into multiple email accounts from different providers and integrate all of these sources into a single list. Similar capabilities pull together calendars and also instant messages and [[SMS]] text messages from multiple sources.<ref name="PalmwebOSPress">{{cite press release|title=Palm Unveils All-new webOS|url=http://investor.palm.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=358392|publisher=[[Company:Palm, Inc.|Palm, Inc.]]|date=January 8, 2009|access-date=May 27, 2009}}</ref>

====Over-the-air updates====
The OS can be updated without docking to a PC, instead receiving OS updates over the carrier connection.

====Notifications====
The notification area is located on the bottom portion of the screen on phones, and on the top status bar area on tablets.

On phones, when a notification comes in, it slides in from the bottom of the screen. Due to the resizable nature of the Mojo and Enyo application frameworks, the app usually resizes itself to allow unhindered use while the notification is displayed. After the notification slides away, it usually remains as an icon. The user can then tap on the icons to expand them. Notifications can then be dismissed (sliding off the screen), acted upon (tapping), or left alone.

====Sync====
By default, data sync uses a [[Cloud computing|cloud-based]] approach rather than using a desktop [[Data synchronization|sync]] client. The first version of webOS shipped with the ability to sync with Apple's iTunes software by masquerading as an Apple device, but this feature was disabled by subsequent iTunes software updates.

====Third-party applications====
On HP webOS, officially vetted third-party apps are accessible to be installed on the device from the HP App Catalog.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palm.com/us/products/software/mobile-applications.html|title=HP webOS official website|publisher=Palm, Inc.|access-date=June 14, 2013|archive-date=May 26, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526011335/http://www.palm.com/us/products/software/mobile-applications.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

As HP webOS replaced [[Software:Palm OS|Palm OS]], Palm commissioned MotionApps to code and develop an [[Emulator|emulator]] called Classic, to enable backward compatibility to Palm OS apps. This operates with webOS version 1.0. Palm OS emulation was discontinued in WebOS version 2.0.<ref>Derek Kessler. October 25, 2010.[http://www.precentral.net/webos-20-pushes-classic-palm-os-emulator-out-pictureWith WebOS 2.0, MotionApps drops Classic PalmOS Emulator in Palm's lap.]</ref> MotionApps disengaged from Classic in 2010, citing HP Palm as "disruptive."<ref>MotionApps. October 25, 2010.[http://www.motionapps.com/classic Classic's Got a Brand New Home! MotionApps Hands Classic Over to Palm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224080058/http://www.motionapps.com/classic/ |date=2010-12-24 }}</ref>

Another source of applications is [[Software:Homebrew (video games)|homebrew software]].<ref name="Homebrew20110129">Precentral (precentral.net). [http://www.precentral.net/homebrew-apps Homebrew Apps] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130112094721/http://www.precentral.net/homebrew-apps |date=2013-01-12 }}</ref><ref>milominderbinder (precentral.net) January 22, 2010. [http://www.precentral.net/getting-started-homebrew-apps-patches-and-themes-webos-quick-install Getting Started: Homebrew Apps, Patches, and Themes with webOS Quick Install.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724020450/http://www.precentral.net/getting-started-homebrew-apps-patches-and-themes-webos-quick-install |date=2011-07-24 }}</ref> Homebrew apps are not directly supported by HP. Programs used to distribute homebrew webOS apps include webOS Quick Install (Java-based sideloader for desktop computers) and Preware (a homebrew webOS app catalog, which must be sideloaded). If software problems do occur after installing homebrew programs, "webOS Doctor" (provided by HP) can restore a phone back to factory settings and remove changes made by homebrew apps and patches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ws.hpwebos.com/webosdoctor/sorry.htm|title=HP webOS Doctor|publisher=HPWebOS.com|access-date=January 6, 2014|archive-date=April 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422020231/http://ws.hpwebos.com/webosdoctor/sorry.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

====Developer Mode====
Developer mode allows for developer access of the device, and is also used for digital forensic investigations. It can be accessed by typing ''webos20090606'' on the device’s keyboard, or on some devices typing ''upupdowndownleftrightleftrightbastart'' (a reference to the Konami code) on the cards view. Once in developer mode, data on the system partition can be accessed freely, even if the device was locked.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Casey |first1=Eoghan |last2=Cheval |first2=Adrien |last3=Lee |first3=Jong Yeon |last4=Oxley |first4=David |last5=Song |first5=Yong Jun |title=Forensic acquisition and analysis of palm webOS on mobile devices |journal=Digital Investigation |date=1 July 2011 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=37–47 |doi=10.1016/j.diin.2011.04.003 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1742287611000405 |language=en |issn=1742-2876}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/06/10/the-secret-to-palm-pre-dev-mode-lies-in-the-konami-code/ | title=The secret to Palm Pre dev mode lies in the Konami code }}</ref>

=== LG webOS ===
====Smart TV features====
LG has redesigned the UI of webOS, maintaining the card UI as a feature called "Simple switching" between open TV apps. The other two features promoted by the company are a simple connection (using an animated Clippy-like character called Beanbird to aid the user through setup), and simple discovery.

==Platform==
Underneath the [[Graphical user interface|graphical user interface]], webOS has much in common with mainstream [[Software:Linux distribution|Linux distribution]]s. Versions 1.0 to 2.1 use a patched Linux 2.6.24 [[Software:Kernel (operating system)|kernel]].<ref name="opc"/>

The list of open-source components used by the different releases of webOS, as well as the source code of and patches applied to each component, is available at the Palm Open Source webpage.<ref name="opc">{{cite web|url=http://www.openwebosproject.org/opensource/packages.html|title=Open Source Packages: HP webOS open source compliance|website=openwebosproject.org|access-date=October 28, 2013}}</ref> This page also serves as a reference listing of the versions of webOS that have been publicly released.

In 2011, [[Software:Enyo|Enyo]] replaced Mojo, released in June 2009, as the [[Software development kit|software development kit]] (SDK).<ref>{{cite web|author=Jesse Mendoza|title=HP Rolls Out webOS 3.0 Beta with Enyo On Board|date=March 30, 2010|url=http://www.webosroundup.com/2011/03/hp-rolls-out-webos-3-0-beta-with-enyo-on-board|access-date=April 3, 2011|archive-date=April 4, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404061738/http://www.webosroundup.com/2011/03/hp-rolls-out-webos-3-0-beta-with-enyo-on-board/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Hardware==
[[File:LG Watch Urbane LTE (16950018369).jpg|thumb|246x246px|LG Watch Urbane LTE running LG webOS]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!webOS version
!Type
!Device
!Release date
!{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| rowspan="11" |HP/Palm webOS
| rowspan="7" |Phones
|[[Engineering:Palm Pre|Palm Pre]]
Pre Plus
|June 6, 2009
January 25, 2010
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-the-palm-pre-2011-8|title=The Short, Sad, And Painful History Of The Palm Pre|work=Business Insider|access-date=2018-06-24}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:Palm Pixi|Palm Pixi]]
Pixi Plus
|November 15, 2009
January 7, 2010
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.networkworld.com/article/2248309/smartphones/meet-the-palm-pixi--the-newest-webos-smartphone.html|title=Meet the Palm Pixi: The Newest webOS Smartphone|last=Mies|first=Ginny|work=Network World|access-date=2018-06-24|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:Palm Pre 2|Palm Pre 2]]
|October 22, 2010
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/01/06/review_smartphone_palm_pre_2/|title=Palm Pre 2 WebOS 2.0 smartphone|access-date=2018-06-24|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:HP Veer|HP Veer]]
|August 18, 2011
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/227377/hp_veer_4g_att.html|title=HP Veer 4G: A Supercompact WebOS Phone|work=PCWorld|access-date=2018-06-24|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:HP Pre 3|HP Pre 3]]
|August 18, 2011
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/09/24/pre-3-for-atandt-review/|title=Pre 3 for AT&T review|work=Engadget|access-date=2018-06-24|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|WindsorNot
| rowspan="2" {{n/a|Canceled}}
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/1/2/5264580/the-lost-secrets-of-webos|title=The lost secrets of webOS|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Mako
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| rowspan="4" |Tablets
|[[Engineering:HP TouchPad|HP TouchPad]]
|July 1, 2011
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://gizmodo.com/5756098/hp-touchpad-is-their-10-inch-webos-tablet|title=HP TouchPad Is Their 10-inch webOS Tablet|last=Chen|first=Jason|work=Gizmodo|access-date=2018-06-24|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Engineering:HP TouchPad#Other models|HP TouchPad Go]]
| rowspan="3" {{n/a|Canceled}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/products/touchpad-go/3998|title=TouchPad Go {{!}} HP - The Verge|website=www.theverge.com|access-date=2018-06-24}}</ref>
|-
|Sapphire
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Twain
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| rowspan="5" |LG webOS
| rowspan="2" |Televisions
|LG smart TV models
| rowspan="3" {{varies}}
|<ref name="LG-Smart-TVs2">{{cite web|url=http://www.lg.com/us/experience-tvs/smart-tv/use|title=LG webOS TV Smart+|website=LG.com|publisher=LG Corporation|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnarcher/2017/01/03/lgs-webos-smart-tv-system-just-got-even-better/|title=LG's WebOS Smart TV System Just Got Even Better|last=Archer|first=John|work=Forbes|access-date=2018-06-24|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|LG smart laser projector
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/5/31/15719160/lg-probeam-laser-projector-hf80ja|title=LG has released an affordable laser projector|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-06-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2016/12/20/14022516/lg-probeam-portable-projector-2000-lumens|title=LG combines webOS, lasers, and lumens into another reason to replace your TV|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-06-24}}</ref>
|-
|
|FOX TVs (Serbia)
|
|-
|Refrigerators
|LG smart fridge models
|
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/1/7/16860260/lg-instaview-thinq-smart-refrigerator-webos-alexa-home-ces-2018|title=LG's new smart fridge features a transparent 29-inch touchscreen|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-06-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/ces/2017/1/4/14166240/lg-webos-amazon-alexa-fridge-announce-ces-2017|title=LG put webOS and Amazon Alexa on a fridge|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-06-24}}</ref>
|-
|Watches
|[[Engineering:LG Watch Urbane|LG Watch Urbane LTE]]
|April 27, 2015
|<ref name="Byford">{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/3/1/8128483/lg-watch-urbane-lte-hands-on|title=Our first look at LG's new webOS and Android Wear smartwatches|last=Byford|first=Sam|date=March 1, 2015|website=[[The Verge]]|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Benson">{{cite web|url=http://www.androidauthority.com/urbane-lte-impressions-lgs-little-known-webos-617814/|title=Watch Urbane LTE impressions: LG's little known webOS experiment|last=Benson|first=Matthew|date=June 23, 2015|website=Android Authority|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Reed">{{cite web|url=https://bgr.com/2015/03/05/lg-watch-urbane-lte-webos/|title=I can't believe I'm saying this but… webOS looks like a great smartwatch platform|last=Reed|first=Brad|date=March 5, 2015|website=BGR|access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Free and open-source software
}}
* List of smart TV platforms and middleware software
* [[Software:Enyo|Enyo]]
* Mobile platform
* [[Software:Access Linux Platform|Access Linux Platform]]
* [[Software:LuneOS|LuneOS]]
* List of WebOS devices

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://webosose.org webOS Open Source Edition (LG)]
*[https://swsolutions.lge.com LG Software Solutions]
*[https://webos.developer.lge.com webOS Developer Center]
*[https://webostv.developer.lge.com/ LG webOS TV Developer Center]
*[https://webosauto.swsolutions.lge.com webOS Auto Developer Center]
*[https://www.webos-internals.org webOS Internals Wiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324172642/http://webos-internals.org/ |date=2018-03-24 }}

{{Mobile operating systems}}
{{LG Electronics}}
{{Linux}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Webos}}
[[Category:ARM operating systems]]
[[Category:Mobile Linux]]
[[Category:Mobile operating systems]]
[[Category:Smartphones]]
[[Category:Tablet operating systems]]
[[Category:HP software]]

{{Sourceattribution|WebOS}}