View source for Template:List of chemical element name etymologies

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! colspan="6" | {{navbar-collapsible|Etymology of the chemical element names|Template:List of chemical element name etymologies}}
|-
! colspan="2" | Element
! Original word
! Language of origin
! Meaning
! Nature of origin
|-
! Name<br/>{{nobold|(symbol)}}
! ''Z''
! colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | Description {{nobold|1=(symbol etymology, former names)}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row 
|symbol=H 
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin and French 
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ὕδωρ}} (root: {{lang|grc|ὑδρ}}-) + {{lang|grc|γενής}} ({{transl|grc|hydor genes}}) 
|meaning     = "water + begetter"
|origin      = descriptive 
|desc        = From French {{lang|fr|hydrogène}}<ref>{{cite OEtymD|hydrogen}}</ref> and Latin {{lang|la|hydro-}} and {{lang|la|-genes}}, derived from the Greek {{lang|grc|ὕδωρ γείνομαι}} ({{transl|grc|hydor geinomai}}), meaning "Ι&nbsp;beget water".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row 
|symbol=He 
|word-origin-lang = Greek 
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ἥλιος}} ({{transl|grc|hélios}}) 
|meaning     = "sun"
|origin      = astrological;<br/>mythological 
|desc        = Named after the Greek {{lang|grc|ἥλιος}} ({{transl|grc|[[Religion:Helios|helios]]}}), meaning "the sun" or the mythological sun-god.<ref name="mythology-planet-element">Some elements (particularly ancient elements) were associated with Greek (or Roman or other) gods or people, in [[Religion:Greek mythology|Greek mythology]] (or other mythology), and with [[Astronomy:Planet|planet]]s (or other objects in the [[solar system]]), such as [[Religion:Mercury (mythology)|Mercury (mythology)]] – [[Astronomy:Mercury (planet)|Mercury (planet)]] – [[Chemistry:Mercury (element)|Mercury (element)]], etc.<br/>Also, astrological symbols for the planets were often used as symbols for the ancient elements.</ref> It was first identified by its characteristic emission lines in the Sun's [[Physics:Spectral line|spectrum]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row 
|symbol=Li 
|word-origin-lang = Greek 
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|λίθος}} ({{transl|grc|lithos}}) 
|meaning     = "stone"
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|λίθος}} ({{transl|grc|lithos}}) meaning "stone", because it was discovered from a mineral while other common alkali metals ([[Chemistry:Sodium|sodium]] and [[Chemistry:Potassium|potassium]]) were discovered from plant tissue.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row 
|symbol=Be 
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]], [[Social:Pali|Pali]], and [[Social:Prakrit|Prakrit]] via Greek, Latin, [[Social:Old French|Old French]], and [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]] 
|word-origin = ?City of [[Belur, Karnataka|Belur]] via Greek {{lang|grc|βήρυλλος}} ({{transl|grc|beryllos}})
|meaning     = ?"[[Chemistry:Beryl|beryl]]", a mineral
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = {{lang|grc|βήρυλλος}} ({{transl|grc|beryllos}}), denoting [[Chemistry:Beryl|beryl]], which contains beryllium.<ref>At one time, beryllium was called '''glucinium''', which is from Greek {{lang|grc|γλυκύς}} ({{transl|grc|glykys}}), meaning "sweet", due to the sweet taste of its [[Chemistry:Salt|salt]]s.</ref> The word is derived (via Latin: {{lang|la|beryllus}} and French: {{lang|fr|béryl}}) from the Greek {{lang|grc|βήρυλλος}} ({{transl|grc|bērullos}}), "a blue-green [[Earth:Spar (mineralogy)|spar]]", from [[Social:Prakrit|Prakrit]] {{lang|und-Deva|वॆरुलिय‌}} ({{transl|Deva|veruliya}}), from [[Social:Pali|Pāli]] {{lang|pli|वेलुरिय}} ({{transl|Deva|veḷuriya}}), {{lang|und-Deva|भेलिरु}} ({{transl|Deva|veḷiru}}) or {{lang|und-Deva|भिलर्}} ({{transl|Deva|viḷar}})<!-- repetitions? -->: "to become pale", in reference to the pale semiprecious gemstone [[Chemistry:Beryl|beryl]].<ref>{{OEtymD|beryl}}<!-- to check for relevance --></ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=B
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Social:Medieval Latin|Medieval Latin]], [[Social:Anglo-Norman language|Anglo-Norman]], [[Social:Middle French|Middle French]], and [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]
|word-origin = {{lang|ar|بورق}} ({{transl|ar|buraq}})
|desc        = From the Arabic {{lang|ar|بورق}} ({{transl|ar|buraq}}), which refers to [[Chemistry:Borax|borax]]. Possibly derived from [[Social:Persian language|Persian]] {{lang|fa|بوره}} ({{transl|fa|burah}}). The Arabic was adapted as [[Social:Medieval Latin|Medieval Latin]] {{lang|la|baurach}}, [[Social:Anglo-Norman language|Anglo-Norman]] {{lang|xno|boreis}}, and [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]] {{lang|enm|boras}}, which became the source of the English "boron".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=C
|word-origin-lang = Latin via French
|word-origin = {{lang|fr|charbone}}
|meaning     = "charcoal"
|desc        = From the French {{lang|fr|charbone}}, which in turn came from Latin {{lang|la|carbō}}, meaning "charcoal" and is related to {{lang|la|carbōn}}, meaning "a coal". (The German and [[Social:Dutch language|Dutch]] names, "{{lang|de|Kohlenstoff}}" and "{{lang|nl|koolstof}}", respectively, both literally mean "coal matter".) These words were derived from the [[Social:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] base ''{{PIE|*ker-}}'' meaning "heat", "fire", or "to burn".<ref>{{cite OEtymD|carbon}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=N
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin and French
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|νίτρον}} (Latin: {{lang|la|nitrum}}) {{lang|grc|-γενής}} ({{transl|grc|-genes}})
|meaning     = "native-soda begetter"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From French {{lang|fr|nitrogène}}<ref>{{cite OEtymD|nitrogen}}</ref> derived from Greek {{lang|grc|νίτρον γείνομαι}} ({{transl|grc|nitron geinomai}}), meaning "I form/beget native-soda ([[Chemistry:Niter|niter]])".<ref>'''Nitrogen''', The pure gas is inert enough that [[Biography:Antoine Lavoisier|Antoine Lavoisier]] referred to it as {{lang|fr|azote}}, meaning "without life", since animals placed in it died of asphyxiation. This term became the French for '''nitrogen''' and later spread to many other languages.</ref>
|alt-name    = '''{{lang|fr|azote}}''' (French), from Greek {{lang|grc|ἄζωτος}} ({{transl|grc|azōtos}}) "lifeless" but possibly inspired by '''azoth''', one of the alchemical names of mercury, from [[Social:Andalusian Arabic|Andalusian Arabic]] {{lang|ar|al-zuq}}, the [[Social:Classical Arabic|Classical Arabic]] name of that element.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=O
|word-origin-lang = Greek via French
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ὀξύ γείνομαι}} ({{transl|grc|oxy geinomai}})/{{lang|fr|oxygène}}
|meaning= "to bring forth acid"
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|ὀξύ}} [[wikt:γείνομαι|γείνομαι]] ({{transl|grc|oxy geinomai}}), meaning "Ι bring forth acid", as it was believed to be an essential component of acids. This phrase was corrupted into the French {{lang|fr|oxygène}}, which became the source of the English "oxygen".<ref>{{cite OEtymD|oxygen}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=F
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|fluor}}
|meaning     = "a flowing"
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|fluor}} meaning "a flowing", from mineral name [[fluorspar]] (calcium fluoride). Fluorspar was used to make iron flowing in smelting.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ne
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|νέος}} ({{transl|grc|neos}})
|meaning     = "new"
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|νέος}} ({{transl|grc|neos}}), meaning "new".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Na
|word-origin-lang = English
|word-origin = ''{{lang|en|[[Chemistry:Sodium|soda]]}}''
|desc        = From the English "[[Chemistry:Sodium bicarbonate|soda]]", used in names for [[:Category:Sodium compounds|sodium compounds]] such as [[caustic soda]], [[soda ash]], and [[baking soda]]. Probably from Italian {{lang|it|sida}} (or directly from [[Social:Medieval Latin|Medieval Latin]] {{lang|la|soda}}) meaning "a kind of saltwort", from which soda was obtained, of uncertain origin.<ref>{{OEtymD|soda}}</ref>
|symbol-etym = '''Na''' is from the [[New Latin|Modern Latin]] noun '''{{lang|la|natrium}}''', derived from Greek {{lang|grc|νίτρον}} ({{transl|grc|nítron}}), "natural soda, a kind of [[Chemistry:Salt|salt]]".<ref>In [[medieval]] Europe, '''{{lang|la|sodanum}}''' is the Latin name of "a compound of sodium".</ref> The original source is either the Arabic word {{lang|ar|نطرون}} ({{transl|ar|natrun}}) or the [[Social:Egyptian language|Egyptian]] word {{transl|egy|netjeri}}.<ref>{{cite book
| last= Vygus| first= Mark
| date= April 2012
| title= Vygus dictionary
| url= http://www.pyramidtextsonline.com/MarkVygusDictionary.pdf
| page= 1546}}</ref><div style= "float:right"><hiero>R8-X1</hiero></div>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Mg
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Μαγνησία}} ({{transl|grc|Magnesia}})
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = From the Ancient Greek Μαγνησία ([[Magnesia Prefecture|Magnesia]]) (district in [[Thessaly]]), where it was discovered.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Al
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|alumen}}
|meaning     = "[[Chemistry:Alum|alum]]" (literally: bitter salt)<ref>{{OEtymD|aluminum| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
|desc        = Latin {{lang|la|alumen}}, which means "[[Chemistry:Alum|alum]]" (literally: bitter salt).
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Si
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|silex}}, {{lang|la|silicis}}
|meaning     = "flint"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|silex}} or {{lang|la|silicis}}, which means "[[Earth:Flint|flint]]", a kind of stone (chiefly silicon dioxide).
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=P
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin<ref>{{cite OEtymD|phosphorus}}</ref>
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|φῶς}} + {{lang|grc|φόρος}} ({{transl|grc|phos + phoros}})
|meaning     = "light-bearer"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|φῶς}} + {{lang|grc|φόρος}} ({{transl|grc|phos + phoros}}), which means "light bearer", because [[white phosphorus]] emits a faint glow upon exposure to [[Chemistry:Oxygen|oxygen]].<br/>Phosphorus was the ancient name for [[Astronomy:Venus|Venus]], or [[Astronomy:Hesperus|Hesperus]], the Morning Star.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=S
|word-origin-lang = Latin<br/><br/>[[Proto-Indo-European]] (PIE)
|word-origin = [[Old Latin]] {{lang|la|sulpur}}<br/>(later {{lang|la|sulphur}}, {{lang|la|sulfur}})<br/><br/>[[Social:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] ''{{PIE|*swépl̥}}''<br/>(genitive ''{{PIE|*sulplós}}''),<br/>nominal derivative of ''{{PIE|*swelp}}''.<ref>Mallory & Adams (2006) ''The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world'', Oxford University Press</ref>
|meaning     = "to burn"
|desc        = The word came into Middle English from Anglo-Norman {{lang|xno|sulfre}}, itself derived through Old French {{lang|fr|soulfre}} from Late Latin {{lang|la|sulfur}}.<ref>{{cite OEtymD|sulfur}}</ref>. From [[Social:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] ''{{PIE|*swelp}}'' "to burn"
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cl
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|χλωρός}} ({{transl|grc|chlorós}})
|meaning     = "pale green"<ref>{{cite OEtymD|chlorine}}</ref>
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|χλωρός}} ({{transl|grc|chlorós}}), which means "yellowish green" or "greenish yellow", because of the colour of the gas.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ar
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ἀργόν}} ({{transl|grc|argon}})
|meaning     = "inactive"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = Greek [[Physics:Inert gas|{{transl|grc|argon}}]] means "inactive" (literally: "slow").
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=K
|word-origin-lang = [[New Latin|Modern Latin]] via [[Social:Dutch language|Dutch]] and English<ref>{{cite OEtymD|potash}}</ref>
|word-origin = {{lang|la|potassa}}; {{lang|nl|potasch}} via ''{{lang|en|[[Chemistry:Potash|potash]]}}''<ref>{{cite OEtymD|potassium}}</ref>
|meaning     = "pot-ash"
|desc        = From the English "[[Chemistry:Potash|potash]]", which means "pot-ash" (potassium compound prepared from an [[Chemistry:Alkali|alkali]] extracted in a 'pot' from the 'ash' of burnt wood or tree leaves).<br/>Potash is a literal translation of the [[Social:Dutch language|Dutch]] {{lang|nl|potaschen}}, which means "pot ashes".<ref>{{cite OEtymD|potash}}</ref>
|symbol-etym = '''K''' is for the Latin name '''{{lang|la|kalium}}''', from [[Social:Arabic language|Arabic]] {{lang|ar|القلي}} ({{transl|ar|al qalīy}}), which means "calcined ashes".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ca
|word-origin-lang = Greek/Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|χάλιξ}}/{{lang|la|calx}}
|meaning     = "pebble"/"limestone"<ref>{{cite OEtymD|calcium}}</ref>
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|calx}}, which means "lime". Calcium was known as early as the first century when the [[History:Ancient Rome|Ancient Romans]] prepared [[Lime (mineral)|lime]] as [[Chemistry:Calcium oxide|calcium oxide]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Sc
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Scandia}}
|meaning     = "Scandinavia"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named from Latin {{lang|la|Scandia}}, "[[Place:Scandinavia|Scandinavia]]".
|alt-name    = '''eka-boron'''<ref name="eka-named elements">'''eka-... named elements''': [[Biography:Dmitri Mendeleev|Mendeleev]] [[Chemistry:Mendeleev's predicted elements|predicted]] and described properties of then-undiscovered elements, based on the then empty locations in his 1871 [[Periodic table of elements]]. The predictions proved to be correct with the discovery of [[Chemistry:Scandium|scandium]], [[Chemistry:Gallium|gallium]], [[Chemistry:Technetium|technetium]] and [[Chemistry:Germanium|germanium]]. He named those unknown, unnamed elements "eka-...", for example "eka-boron", the prefix meaning ''one more'' (i.e., one more row ''below'' boron in the periodic table). Ultimately, eka-boron was discovered, named "aluminium" and indeed is located below boron.<br/>
The elements he predicted, '''eka-boron''', '''eka-aluminium''', '''eka-manganese''', and '''eka-silicon'''  proved to be good predictors of [[Chemistry:Scandium|scandium]], [[Chemistry:Gallium|gallium]], [[Chemistry:Technetium|technetium]] and [[Chemistry:Germanium|germanium]], respectively.<br/>
The prefix {{transl|sa|eka-}}, from the [[Social:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]], means "one" (one place down from a known element in the table), and is sometimes used in discussions about any more undiscovered element. For example, [[Chemistry:Darmstadtium|darmstadtium]] is sometimes referred to as '''eka-platinum'''.</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ti
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Τιτάν}}, gen:<sup>[?]</sup> {{lang|grc|Τιτάνος}} ({{transl|grc|Titan}})
|meaning     = "Titans", sons of Gaia
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = For the "[[Titan (mythology)|Titans]]", the first sons of [[Gaia (mythology)|Gaia]] in Greek mythology.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=V
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Old Norse|Old Norse]]
|word-origin = {{lang|non|Vanadís}}
|meaning     = "[[Dís]] of the [[Vanir]]"
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = From [[Social:Old Norse|Old Norse]] {{lang|no|Vanadís}}, one of the names of the [[Vanir|Vanr]] goddess [[Freyja]] in [[Norse mythology]], because of multicoloured [[Chemistry:Chemical compound|chemical compound]]s deemed beautiful.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/><ref name="naming controversy"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cr
|word-origin-lang = Greek via French
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|χρῶμα}} ({{transl|grc|chróma}})
|meaning     = "colour"
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|χρῶμα}} ({{transl|grc|chróma}}), "colour", because of its multicoloured compounds. This word was adapted as the French {{lang|fr|chrome}}, and adding the suffix {{transl|la|-ium}} created the English "chromium".<ref>{{cite OEtymD|chromium}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Mn
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin, [[Social:Italian language|Italian]], and French
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Μαγνησία}}<br/>({{transl|grc|Magnesia}};<br/>Medieval Latin: {{lang|la|magnesia}})
|meaning     = "[[Magnesia (regional unit)|Magnesia]]", Greece
|origin      = descriptive, toponym
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|Magnesia}}, ultimately from Ancient Greek region [[Magnesia (regional unit)|Magnesia]]. The word ''Magnesia'' evolved into {{lang|it|manganese}} in [[Social:Italian language|Italian]] and into {{lang|fr|manganèse}} in French.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Fe
|word-origin-lang = [[Anglo-Saxon language|Anglo-Saxon]] via [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]
|word-origin = {{lang|en|īsern}}<br/>(earlier: {{lang|en|īren/īsen}})<br/>{{lang|en|/yren/yron}}
|meaning     = "holy metal or strong metal"<ref>{{cite OEtymD|iron}}</ref>
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From the [[Anglo-Saxon language|Anglo-Saxon]] {{lang|ang|īsern}} which is derived from [[Proto-Germanic]] {{lang|de|isarnan}} meaning "holy metal" or "strong metal".
|symbol-etym = '''Fe''' is from Latin '''{{lang|la|ferrum}}''', meaning "iron".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Co
|word-origin-lang = German
|word-origin = [[Unsolved:Kobold|{{lang|de|Kobold}}]]
|meaning     = "goblin"
|desc        = From German {{lang|de|Kobold}}, which means "goblin". The metal was named by miners, because it was poisonous and troublesome ([[pollution|polluted]] and degraded by other mined elements, such as nickel). Other sources cite the origin in the silver miners' belief that cobalt had been placed by "[[Unsolved:Kobold|Kobold]]s", who had stolen the silver. Some suggest that the name may have been derived from Greek {{lang|grc|κόβαλος}} ({{transl|grc|kobalos}}), which means "mine" and which may have common roots with kobold, goblin, and cobalt.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ni
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]] via German<ref name = oetymdnickel>{{cite OEtymD|nickel}}</ref>
|word-origin = {{lang|sv|Kopparnickel}}/<br/>{{lang|de|Kupfernickel}}
|meaning     = "copper-coloured ore"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From the [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]] {{lang|sv|kopparnickel}}, meaning "copper-coloured ore". This referred to the ore [[niccolite]] from which it was obtained.<ref name = oetymdnickel/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cu
|word-origin-lang = Greek? via Latin, [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]], [[Social:Old English|Old English]], and [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]<ref>{{cite OEtymD|copper}}</ref>
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Κύπριος}} ({{transl|grc|Kyprios}})?
|meaning     = "who/which is from [[Place:Cyprus|Cyprus]]"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Possibly derived from Greek {{lang|grc|Κύπριος}} ({{transl|grc|Kyprios}}) (which comes from {{lang|grc|Κύπρος}} ({{transl|grc|Kypros}}), the Greek name of Cyprus) via Latin {{lang|la|cuprum}}, West Germanic {{lang|gmw|*kupar}}, Old English {{lang|ang|coper}}/{{lang|ang|copor}}, and Middle English {{lang|enm|coper}}. The Latin term, during the Roman Empire, was {{lang|la|aes cyprium}}; {{lang|la|aes}} was the generic term for copper alloys such as [[Chemistry:Bronze|bronze]]. {{transl|la|Cyprium}} means "[[Place:Cyprus|Cyprus]]" or "which is from Cyprus", where so much of it was mined; it was simplified to {{transl|grc|cuprum}} and then eventually Anglicized as "copper" (Old English {{lang|ang|coper/copor}}).
|symbol-etym = '''Cu''' is from the Latin name '''{{lang|la|cuprum}}''' ("copper").
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Zn
|word-origin-lang = German
|word-origin = {{lang|de|Zink}}
|meaning     = ?"Cornet"
|desc        = From German {{lang|de|Zink}} which is related to {{lang|de|Zinken}} "prong, point", probably alluding to its spiky crystals. May be derived from [[Old Persian]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ga
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Gallia}}
|meaning     = "Gaul" (Ancient France)
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|Gallia}}, which means "[[Place:Gaul|Gaul]]" (Ancient France), and also {{lang|fr|gallus}}, which means "rooster". The element was obtained as free metal by [[Lecoq de Boisbaudran]], who named it after his native land France. Allegations were later made that he had also named it for himself, as {{lang|la|gallus}} is Latin for {{lang|fr|le coq}} ("[[rooster]]"), but he denied that this had been his intention.<ref name="denied allegations">{{cite journal |title= The discovery of the elements. XIII. Some elements predicted by Mendeleeff |pages= 1605–1619 |last= Weeks |first= Mary Elvira |author-link=Mary Elvira Weeks |doi=10.1021/ed009p1605 |journal= [[Journal of Chemical Education]] |volume= 9 |issue= 9 |date= 1932 |bibcode= 1932JChEd...9.1605W}}</ref>
|alt-name    = '''eka-aluminium''' by Mendeleev, who predicted its existence.<ref name="eka-named elements"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ge
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Germania}}
|meaning     = "Germany"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|Germania}}, which means "Germany".
|alt-name    = '''eka-silicon''' by Mendeleev.<ref name="eka-named elements"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=As
|word-origin-lang = [[Syriac language|Syriac]]/[[Social:Persian language|Persian]] via Greek, Latin, [[Social:Old French|Old French]], and [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ἀρσενικόν}} ({{transl|grc|arsenikon}})
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|meaning     = ?"male"
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|ἀρσενικόν}} ({{transl|grc|arsenikon}}), which is adapted from [[Syriac language|Syriac]] {{lang|syc|{{Script/Estrangelo Syriac|ܠܫܢܐܠܐ ܙܐܦܢܝܐ}}}} ({{transl|syc|(al) zarniqa}})<ref>{{cite OEtymD|arsenic}}</ref> and [[Social:Persian language|Persian]] {{lang|fa|زرنيخ}} ({{transl|fa|zarnik}}), "yellow [[Chemistry:Orpiment|orpiment]]". The Greek {{transl|grc|arsenikon}} is [[Social:False etymology|paretymologically]]<!-- then why note here? and why the unknown word shown? --> related to the Greek word {{lang|grc|ἀρσενικός}} ({{transl|grc|arsenikos}}), which means "masculine" or "potent". These words were adapted as the Latin {{lang|la|arsenicum}} and Old French {{lang|fr|arsenic}}, which is the source for the English arsenic.<ref>{{cite OEtymD|arsenic}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Se
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|σελήνη}} ({{transl|grc|selene}})
|meaning     = "moon"
|origin      = astrological;<br/>mythological
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|σελήνη}} ({{transl|grc|selene}}), which means "Moon", and also moon-goddess [[Selene]].<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Br
|word-origin-lang = Greek via French
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|βρόμος}} ({{transl|grc|brómos}})<!--not βρῶμος--><ref>{{cite OEtymD|bromine}}</ref>
|meaning     = "dirt" or "stench" (of male-goat)<ref>{{cite book
 |last1= Gemoll |first1= W.
 |last2= Vretska |first2= K.
 |title= Griechisch-Deutsches Schul- und Handwörterbuch
 |trans-title= Greek–German dictionary
 |edition= 9th
 |publisher= öbvhpt
 |isbn= 3-209-00108-1
 |year= 1997}}</ref>
|desc        = {{lang|grc|βρόμος}} ({{transl|grc|brómos}}) means "stench" (literally: "clangor"), due to its characteristic smell.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Kr
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|κρυπτός}} ({{transl|grc|kryptos}})
|meaning     = "hidden"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|κρυπτός}} ({{transl|grc|kryptos}}), which means "hidden one", because of its colourless, odorless, tasteless, gaseous properties, as well as its rarity in nature.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Rb
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|rubidus}}
|meaning     = "deepest red"
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|rubidus}}, which means "deepest red", because of the colour of a [[Physics:Spectral line|spectral line]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Sr
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Scottish Gaelic|Scottish Gaelic]] via English
|word-origin = [[Strontian]]
|meaning     = proper name
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after [[Chemistry:Strontianite|strontianite]], the mineral. Strontianite itself was named after the town of [[Strontian]] ([[Scotland]]) where the mineral was found; {{lang|gd|[[Sròn]] an t-Sìthein}} literally means "nose ['point'] of the fairy hill".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Y
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]]
|word-origin = {{lang|sv|Ytterby}}
|meaning     = proper name 
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after the mineral [[yttria]] (yttriumoxide), where it was originally extracted from. ''Yttria'' itself was named after [[Chemistry:Ytterby|Ytterby]], Sweden.<ref name="names from Ytterby">In a mine near [[Chemistry:Ytterby|Ytterby]], Sweden, many [[Chemistry:Ytterby#Chemical discoveries|elements were discovered]]. Four elements are named after Ytterby: [[#Y|§&nbsp;yttrium]]&nbsp;(Y), [[#Tb|§&nbsp;terbium]]&nbsp;(Tb), [[#Er|§&nbsp;erbium]]&nbsp;(Er), [[#Yb|§&nbsp;ytterbium]]&nbsp;(Yb).</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Zr
|word-origin-lang = [[Syriac language|Syriac]]/[[Social:Persian language|Persian]] via Arabic and German
|word-origin = {{lang|syc|ܙܐܪܓܥܢܥ}} ({{transl|syc|zargono}}),<ref>{{cite web
| last= Pearse| first= Roger
| title= Syriac Literature
| date= 2002-09-16
| url= http://www.tertullian.org/rpearse/oriental/syriac.htm
| access-date= 2008-02-11}}</ref><br/>{{lang|fa|زرگون}} ({{transl|fa|zargûn}})
|meaning     = "gold-like"
|desc        = From [[Social:Arabic language|Arabic]] {{lang|ar|زركون}} ({{transl|ar|zarkûn}}). Derived from [[Social:Persian language|Persian]] {{lang|fa|زرگون}} ({{transl|fa|zargûn}}), which means "gold-like". {{lang|de|Zirkon}} is the German variant of these and is the origin of the English ''zircon''.<ref>{{OEtymD|zircon| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Nb
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Νιόβη}} ({{transl|grc|Niobe}})
|meaning     = "snowy"
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = Named after [[Niobe]], daughter of [[Tantalus]] in classical mythology.<ref name="naming controversy"/><ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
|alt-name    = '''columbium''' from [[Columbia (personification)|Columbia]], personification of America.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Mo
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|μόλυβδος}} ({{transl|grc|molybdos}})
|meaning     = "lead-like"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|μόλυβδος}} ({{transl|grc|molybdos}}), "lead".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Tc
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|τεχνητός}} ({{transl|grc|echnetos}})
|meaning     = "artificial"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|τεχνητός}} ({{transl|grc|technetos}}), which means "artificial", because it was the first artificially produced element.
|alt-name    = '''eka-manganese'''<ref name="eka-named elements"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ru
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Ruthenia}}
|meaning     = "Ruthenia", Kievan Rus'<ref>{{Cite book
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=t124cP06gg0C&q=Ruthenia+-+Kievan+Rus&pg=PA11
| title= A History of Ukraine
| last= Magocsi
| first= Paul Robert
| date= 1996-01-01
| publisher= University of Toronto Press
| isbn= 9780802078209
| language= en}}</ref>
|origin      = toponym (exonym)
|desc        = From Latin [[Place:Ruthenia|{{lang|la|Ruthenia}}]], geographical [[exonym]] for [[Place:Kievan Rus'|Kievan Rus']].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Rh
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ῥόδον}} ({{transl|grc|rhodon}})
|meaning     = "rose"
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|ῥόδον}} ({{transl|grc|rhodon}}), which means "rose". From its rose-red [[:Category:Rhodium compounds|compounds]]<!-- ? are they? -->.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Pd
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Παλλάς}} (genitive: {{lang|grc|Παλλάδος}}) ({{transl|grc|Pallas}})
|meaning     = "little maiden"<ref>{{OEtymD|Pallas|access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
|origin      = astrological;<br/>mythological
|desc        = Named after [[Astronomy:2 Pallas|Pallas]], the asteroid discovered two years earlier. The asteroid itself was named after [[Athena|Pallas Athena]], goddess of wisdom and victory.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/> The word Palladium is derived from Greek {{lang|grc|Παλλάδιον}} and is the neuter version of {{lang|grc|Παλλάδιος}}, meaning "of Pallas".<ref>{{OEtymD|palladium| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ag
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Akkadian language|Akkadian]] via [[Social:Old English|Anglo-Saxon]] and [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]
|word-origin = LANG{} ({{transl|ak|siolfor}}/{{transl|ak|seolfor}})
|meaning     = "to refine", "smelt"
|desc        = Possibly borrowed from [[Social:Akkadian language|Akkadian]] LANG{{cuneiform|𒊭𒅈𒇥}} ({{transl|ak|sarpu}}) "refined silver" and related to LANG{{cuneiform|𒊭𒁺𒁍}} ({{transl|ak|sarapu}}) "to refine", "smelt".<ref>{{OEtymD|silver| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref><br/>From the [[Social:Old English|Anglo-Saxon]], {{transl|ang|seolfor}} which was derived from [[Proto-Germanic]] {{lang|de|*silubra-}}; compare [[Old High German]] {{lang|goh|silabar}}; and has cognates in [[Balto-Slavic languages]]: {{lang|cu|sĭrebro}}, {{lang|lt|sidabras}}, [[Social:Old Prussian language|Old Prussian]] {{lang|prg|sirablan}}.<br/>Alternatively, possibly from one of the [[Social:Pre-Indo-European languages|Pre-Indo-European languages]], compare {{lang|eu|zilar}}.
|symbol-etym = '''Ag''' is from the Latin name '''{{lang|la|argentum}}''' ("silver"), which is derived from [[Social:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] ''{{PIE|*arg-ent-}}''.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cd
|word-origin-lang = Greek/Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|καδμεία}} ({{transl|grc|kadmeia}})
|meaning     = "[[Unsolved:Earth (classical element)|Earth]]" (as classical element),<br/>"[[Chemistry:Calamine|calamine]]" or Cadmean earth<sup>[?]</sup>
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|cadmia}}, which is derived from Greek {{lang|grc|καδμεία}} ({{transl|grc|kadmeia}}) and means "[[Chemistry:Calamine|calamine]]", a cadmium-bearing mixture of minerals. Cadmium is named after [[Cadmus]] (in Greek: {{lang|grc|Κάδμος}}: {{transl|grc|Kadmos}}), a character in Greek mythology and calamine is derived from {{lang|fr|Le Calamine}}, the French name of the [[Belgium|Belgian]] town of [[Kelmis]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=In
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin and English
|word-origin = {{lang|la|indigo}}
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = Named after ''[[Indigo|indigo]]'', because of an indigo-coloured [[atomic spectrum|spectrum]] line. The English word indigo is from Spanish {{lang|es|indico}} and Dutch {{lang|nl|indigo}} (from Portuguese {{lang|pt|endego}}<!-- ? unclear -->), from Latin {{lang|la|indigo}}, from Greek {{lang|grc|ἰνδικόν}} ({{transl|grc|indikon}}): "blue dye from India".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Sn
|word-origin-lang = Anglo-Saxon via [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]
|word-origin = {{lang|en|tin}}
|desc        = The word ''{{lang|en|tin}}'' is borrowed from a [[Social:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European language]], and has cognates in several [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] and [[Celtic languages|Celtic]] languages.<ref>'''Tin''' – The American Heritage Dictionary [https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q= tin]</ref>
|symbol-etym = '''Sn''' is from its Latin name '''{{lang|la|stannum}}'''.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Sb
|word-origin-lang = Greek? via [[Social:Medieval Latin|Medieval Latin]] and [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/antimony |title= Antimony &#124; Define Antimony at Dictionary.com |publisher= Dictionary.reference.com |access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
|meaning     = various
|desc        = Possibly from Greek {{lang|grc|ἀντί}} + {{lang|grc|μόνος}} ({{transl|grc|anti + monos}}), approximately meaning "opposed to solitude", as believed never to exist in pure form, or {{lang|grc|ἀντί}} + {{lang|grc|μοναχός}} ({{transl|grc|anti + monachos}}) for "monk-killer" (in French folk etymology, anti-moine "monk's bane"), because many early alchemists were monks, and antimony is poisonous. This may also be derived from the [[Pharaonic]] ([[ancient Egypt]]ian), {{transl|egy|Antos [[Ammon]]}} (expression), which could be translated as "bloom of the god Ammo".
|symbol-etym = '''Sb''' is from Latin name '''{{lang|la|stibium}}''', which is derived from Greek {{lang|grc|Στίβι}} ({{transl|grc|stíbi}}), a variant of {{lang|grc|στίμμι}} ({{transl|grc|stimmi}}); genitive: {{lang|grc|στίμμεος}} or {{lang|grc|στίμμιδος}}; probably a loan word from Arabic or Egyptian <!-- hiero -->{{transl|egy|sdm}} meaning "eyepaint".<div style= "float:right;"><hiero>O34:D46-G17-F21:D4</hiero></div><ref>{{cite book
| last= Vygus| first= Mark| date= April 2012
| title= Vygus dictionary
| url= http://www.pyramidtextsonline.com/MarkVygusDictionary.pdf
| page= 1409}}</ref><ref>'''Antimony''', '''Sb'''
*[[Littré]] suggests that the first form is derived from {{lang|grc|*stimmida}}<!-- assumed greek grc in this Littré part 10-08-2021 -->, a hypothetical alternative [[accusative]] of {{lang|grc|stimmi}} (the canonical accusative of the noun is the same as the nominative: {{lang|grc|stimmi}}). The Arabic word for the substance, as "mark" or "the cosmetic", can appear as {{lang|ar|تحميض، ثمود، وثمود، وثمود}} ({{transl|ar|ithmid}}, {{transl|ar|athmoud}}, {{transl|ar|othmod}} or {{transl|ar|uthmod}})
* [[LSJ]], ''s.v.'', vocalisation, spelling, and declension vary; Endlich; Celsus, 6.6.6 ff; Pliny ''Natural History'' 33.33; Lewis and Short: ''Latin Dictionary''. ''OED'', s. ''antimony''.
* ''stimmi'' is used by the Attic tragic poets of the 5th century BC. Later Greeks also used ''στίβι (stibi)'', which is written in Latin by [[Aulus Cornelius Celsus|Celsus]] and [[Pliny the Elder|Pliny]] in the first century AD. Pliny also names {{transl|grc|stimi}} {{sic}}, {{transl|grc|larbaris}}, and {{transl|grc|[[Chemistry:Alabaster|alabaster]]}} (Greek: {{lang|grc|ἀλάβαστρον}}), "very common platyophthalmos ({{lang|grc|πλατυόφθαλμος}})", "wide-eye" in Greek (the description refers to the effects of the cosmetic). In Egyptian hieroglyphics, <!--hiero-->{{transl|egy|mśdmt}}; the vowels are uncertain, but in Coptic and according to an Arabic tradition, it is pronounced {{transl|grc|mesdemet}} (Albright; Sarton, quotes Meyerhof, the translator). In Arabic, the word for powdered stibnite is [[Kohl (cosmetics)|kuhl]].[http://www.3rd1000.com/elements/Antimony.htm]</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Te
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Tellus}}
|meaning     = "Earth"
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|tellus}}, "[[Astronomy:Earth|Earth]]".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=I
|word-origin-lang = Greek via French
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ἰώδης}} ({{transl|grc|iodes}})
|meaning     = "violet"
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = Named after the Greek {{lang|grc|ἰώδης}} ({{transl|grc|iodes}}), which means "violet", because of the colour of the gaseous phase. This word was adapted as the French {{lang|fr|iode}}, which is the source of the English "iodine".<ref>{{OEtymD|iodine}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Xe
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ξένος}} ({{transl|grc|xenos}})
|meaning     = "foreign"
|desc        = From the Greek adjective {{lang|grc|ξένος}} ({{transl|grc|xenos}}): "foreign", "a stranger".<!--This is because of its rarity, making it a "strange" thing to encounter among the more common elements.-->
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cs
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|caesius}}
|meaning     = "blue-gray"<ref>{{OEtymD|cesium| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref> or "sky blue"
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|caesius}}, which means "sky blue". Its identification was based upon the bright-blue lines in its spectrum, and it was the first element discovered by spectrum analysis.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ba
|word-origin-lang = Greek via [[New Latin|Modern Latin]]
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|βαρύς}} ({{transl|grc|barys}})
|meaning     = "heavy"
|desc        = {{lang|grc|βαρύς}} ({{transl|grc|barys}}) means "heavy". The oxide was initially called "barote", then "baryta", which was modified to "barium" to describe the metal. [[Biography:Humphry Davy|Sir Humphry Davy]] gave the element this name because it was originally found in [[Chemistry:Baryte|baryte]], which shares the same source.<ref>{{OEtymD|barium| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=La
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|λανθάνειν}} ({{transl|grc|lanthanein}})
|meaning     = "to escape notice"
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|λανθάνω}} ({{transl|grc|lanthánō}}), "I escape notice".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ce
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|ceres}}
|meaning     = "grain", "bread"
|origin      = astrological;<br/>mythological
|desc        = Named after the asteroid [[Astronomy:Ceres (dwarf planet)|Ceres]], discovered two years earlier. The asteroid itself, now classified as a dwarf planet, was named after [[Ceres (Roman mythology)|Ceres]], the goddess of fertility in Roman mythology.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/> {{lang|la|Ceres}} is derived from [[Social:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] ''{{PIE|*ker-es-}}'' from base ''{{PIE|*ker-}}'' meaning "to grow".<ref>{{cite web
| author= Mike Campbell
| url= http://www.behindthename.com/name/ceres
| title= Meaning, Origin and History of the Name Ceres
| publisher= Behind the Name
| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref><ref>{{OEtymD|cereal| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Pr
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|πράσιος δίδυμος}} ({{transl|grc|prasios didymos}})
|meaning     = "green twin"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|πράσιος δίδυμος}} ({{transl|grc|prasios didymos}}), meaning "green twin", because [[Chemistry:Didymium|didymium]]<ref name="didymium">[[Chemistry:Didymium|didymium]] was originally mistaken for an element, later it was discovered that it separates into elements [[#Pr]] and [[#Nd]]. The metals have different-coloured [[Chemistry:Salt|salt]]s, which helps distinguish them.</ref> separates into '''praseodymium''' and [[Chemistry:Neodymium|neodymium]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Nd
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|νέος δίδυμος}} ({{transl|grc|neos didymos}})
|meaning     = "new twin"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|νέος διδύμος}} ({{transl|grc|neos didymos}}), which means "new twin", because [[Chemistry:Didymium|didymium]]<ref name="didymium"/> separated into [[Chemistry:Praseodymium|praseodymium]] and neodymium.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Pm
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Προμηθεύς}} ({{transl|grc|Prometheus}})
|meaning     = "forethought"<ref>The ancient Greek derivation of ''Prometheus'' from the Greek πρό ''pro'' ("before") + μανθάνω ''manthano'' ("learn"), thus "forethought", which engendered a contrasting brother [[Epimetheus (mythology)|Epimetheus]] ("afterthought"), was a [[Social:Folk etymology|folk etymology]]; it is succinctly expressed in [[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]]' commentary on Virgil, ''[[Eclogue]]'' 6.42: "''Prometheus vir prudentissimus fuit, unde etiam Prometheus dictus est {{lang|grc|ἀπὸ τής πρόμηθείας}}, id est a providentia''." Modern scientific linguistics suggests that the name derived from the [[Proto-Indo-European root]] that also produces the [[Social:Vedic Sanskrit|Vedic]] {{transl|sa|pra math}}, "to steal", hence {{transl|sa|pramathyu-s}}, "thief", [[cognate]] with "Prometheus", the thief of fire. The [[Vedic mythology|Vedic myth]] of fire's theft by [[Mātariśvan]] is an analog to the Greek account. {{transl|sa|Pramantha}} was the tool used to create fire. See: Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004). ''Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction.'' Blackwell Publishing, p. 27.; Williamson (2004), ''The Longing for Myth in Germany'', 214–15; Dougherty, Carol (2006). ''Prometheus'' p. 4.</ref>
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = Named after [[Religion:Prometheus|Prometheus]] (a god in classical mythology), who stole the fire of heaven and gave it to mankind.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Sm
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = Samarsky-Bykhovets, Vassili
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named after the mineral [[samarskite]], itself named after Colonel [[Vassili Samarsky-Bykhovets]], a [[Russia]]n mine official.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Eu
|word-origin-lang = Ancient Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Εὐρώπη}} ({{transl|grc|Europe}})
|meaning     = "broad-faced" or "well-watered"
|origin      = toponym;<br/>mythological
|desc        = Named for Europe, where it was discovered. Europe itself was named after the fictional Phoenician [[Europa (consort of Zeus)|princess Europa]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Gd
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Hebrew language|Hebrew]]
|word-origin = Gadolin, Johan
|meaning     = 
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Johan Gadolin|Johan Gadolin]]<ref>{{Cite journal
 | last= Pyykkö | first= Pekka | author-link= Pekka Pyykkö
 | date= 2015-07-23
 | title= Magically magnetic gadolinium
 | url= https://www.nature.com/articles/nchem.2287
 | journal= [[Chemistry:Nature Chemistry|Nature Chemistry]]
 | volume= 7 | issue= 8 | pages= 680
 | doi= 10.1038/nchem.2287
 | pmid= 26201746
 | bibcode= 2015NatCh...7..680P
 | doi-access= free}}</ref>, who was one of the founders of [[Place:Nordic countries|Nordic]] chemistry research, and who discovered [[#Y|§&nbsp;yttrium]]. The mineral [[Chemistry:Gadolinite|gadolinite]] is also named after him.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Tb
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]]
|word-origin = Ytterby
|meaning     = proper name
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after [[Chemistry:Ytterby|Ytterby]], the village in [[Sweden]] where the element was first discovered.<ref name="names from Ytterby"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Dy
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|δυσπρόσιτος}} ({{transl|grc|dysprositos}})
|meaning     = "hard to get at"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|δυσπρόσιτος}} ({{transl|grc|dysprositos}}), which means "hard to get at".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ho
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Holmia}}
|meaning     = "Stockholm"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|Holmia}}, "[[Place:Stockholm|Stockholm]]".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Er
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]]
|word-origin = Ytterby
|meaning     = proper name
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after [[Chemistry:Ytterby|Ytterby]], [[Sweden]], where large concentrations of minerals [[yttria]] and [[erbia]] are located. Erbia and terbia were confused at this time. After 1860, what had been known as terbia was renamed erbia, and after 1877, what had been known as erbia was renamed terbia.<ref name="names from Ytterby"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Tm
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Θούλη}} ({{transl|grc|Thoúlē}})<ref>{{cite web
| url= http://www.wordnik.com/words/Thule/etymologies
| title= Thule in Wordnik, accessed March 9, 2010
| publisher= Wordnik.com
| access-date= 2011-01-02
| url-status= dead
| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131004225019/http://www.wordnik.com/words/Thule/etymologies
| archive-date= October 4, 2013 }}</ref>
|meaning     = "[[Unsolved:Thule|Thule]]"
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = Named after [[Unsolved:Thule|Thule]], an ancient Roman and Greek name ({{lang|grc|Θούλη}}) for a mythical country in the far north, perhaps [[Place:Scandinavia|Scandinavia]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Yb
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]]
|word-origin = Ytterby
|meaning     = proper name
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after [[ytterbia]], the oxide compound of ytterbium. ''Ytterbia'' itself was named after [[Chemistry:Ytterby|Ytterby]], Sweden.<ref name="names from Ytterby"/><ref name="naming controversy"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Lu
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Lutetia}}
|meaning     = "[[Place:Paris|Paris]]"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after the Latin {{lang|la|Lutetia}} ([[Social:Gaulish|Gaulish]] for "place of mud"), the city of Paris.<ref name="naming controversy"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Hf
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Hafnia}}
|meaning     = "[[Place:Copenhagen|Copenhagen]]"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|Hafnia}}: "[[Place:Copenhagen|Copenhagen]]", Denmark.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ta
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Τάνταλος}} ({{transl|grc|Tantalus}})
|meaning     = possibly "the bearer" or "the sufferer"<ref>{{OEtymD|Tantalus| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = Named after the Greek {{lang|grc|Τάνταλος}} ({{transl|grc|[[Tantalus]]}}), who was punished after death by being condemned to stand knee-deep in water. If he bent to drink the water, it drained below the level he could reach (in [[Religion:Greek mythology|Greek mythology]]). This was considered similar to tantalum's general non-reactivity (that is, "unreachability") because of its inertness (it sits among reagents and is unaffected by them).<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=W
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]] and [[Social:Danish language|Danish]]
|word-origin = {{lang|sv|tung sten}}
|meaning     = "heavy stone"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From the [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]] and [[Social:Danish language|Danish]] "tung sten", which means "heavy stone".
|alt-name    = '''{{lang|de|Wolfrahm}}''' (German, literally "wulf cream") was the historical name. The names '''{{lang|sv|wolfram}}''' or '''{{lang|sv|volfram}}''' are still used in [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]] and several other languages.<ref name="naming controversy"/>
|symbol-etym = '''W''' is from the [[German Language|German]] name '''{{lang|de|Wolfram}}'''.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Re
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Rhenus}}
|meaning     = "Rhine"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|Rhenus}}, the river [[Place:Rhine|Rhine]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Os
|word-origin-lang = Greek via [[New Latin|Modern Latin]]
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ὀσμή}} ({{transl|grc|osme}})
|meaning     = "a smell"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|ὀσμή}} ({{transl|grc|osme}}), meaning "a smell", as [[Chemistry:Osmium tetroxide|osmium tetroxide]] is foul-smelling.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ir
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ἴρις}} (genitive: {{lang|grc|ἴριδος}}) ({{transl|grc|iris}})
|meaning     = "of rainbows"
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = Named after the Latin noun {{lang|la|iris}}, which means "[[Earth:Rainbow|rainbow]], iris plant, iris of the eye", because many of its salts are strongly coloured; [[Iris (mythology)|Iris]] was originally the name of the goddess of rainbows and a messenger in Greek mythology.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Pt
|word-origin-lang = Spanish via [[New Latin|Modern Latin]]
|word-origin = {{lang|es|platina}} ({{transl|es|del Pinto}})
|meaning     = "little silver" (of the Pinto River)<ref>{{cite book
| last= Woods| first= Ian
| title= The Elements: Platinum
| publisher= Benchmark Books
| year= 2004| series= The Elements| isbn= 978-0-7614-1550-3
| url-access= registration| url= https://archive.org/details/platinum0000wood }}</ref>
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From the Spanish, {{lang|es|platina}}, which means "little silver", because it was first encountered in a silver mine. Platina can also mean "stage (of a microscope)"<sup>[?]<!--relevant?--></sup>. The modern Spanish is {{lang|es|platino}}. Platina is a diminutive of {{lang|es|plaa}} (silver); it is a loan word from French {{lang|fr|plate}} or [[Occitan language|Provençal]] {{lang|oci|plata}} (sheet of metal) and is the origin of the English "plate".<ref>{{OEtymD|platinum| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Au
|word-origin-lang = [[Anglo-Saxon language|Anglo-Saxon]] via [[Social:Middle English|Middle English]]
|word-origin = ''gold''
|meaning     = 
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = From the [[Anglo-Saxon language|Anglo-Saxon]] "gold", from [[Social:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] {{PIE|*ghel-}} meaning "yellow/ bright".
|symbol-etym = '''Au''' is from Latin '''{{lang|la|aurum}}''', which means "shining dawn".<ref>'''Gold''' in [[Social:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]] is {{lang|sa|ज्वल }} {{transl|sa|jval}}; in Greek, {{lang|grc|χρυσός}} ({{transl|grc|khrusos}}); in Chinese, {{lang|ha|金}} ({{transl|ha|jīn}}).<sup>[relevance?]</sup></ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Hg
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Mercurius}}
|meaning     = "[[Religion:Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]]", Roman god
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = Named after [[Religion:Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]], the god of speed and messenger of the Gods, as was the [[Astronomy:Mercury (planet)|planet Mercury]] named after the god.
|symbol-etym= '''Hg''' is from the Latin '''{{lang|la|hydrargyrum}}''', which is from the Greek words {{lang|grc|ὕδωρ}} and {{lang|grc|ἀργυρός}} ({{transl|grc|hydor}} and {{transl|grc|argyros}}). Meaning "water-silver", because it is a liquid like water (at room temperature), and has a silvery metallic sheen.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/><ref>'''Mercury''' – The Indian [[Philosophy:Alchemy|alchemy]] called ''Rassayana'', which means "the way of mercury".</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Tl
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|θαλλός}} ({{transl|grc|thallos}})
|meaning     = "green twig"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|θαλλός}} ({{transl|grc|thallos}}), which means "a green shoot (twig)", because of its bright-green spectral [[emission line]]s.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Pb
|word-origin-lang = Anglo-Saxon
|word-origin = ''{{lang|en|lead}}''
|symbol-etym = '''Pb''' is from the Latin name '''{{lang|la|plumbum}}''', still visible in the English ''plumbing''.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/><ref>'''Lead''' was mentioned in the [[Book of Exodus]]. [[Philosophy:Alchemy|Alchemists]] believed that lead was the oldest metal and associated the element with [[Astronomy:Saturn|Saturn]].</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Bi
|word-origin-lang = [[New Latin|Modern Latin]] from German
|word-origin = {{lang|la|bisemutum}}
|meaning     = "white mass"
|origin      = descriptive (colour)
|desc        = {{lang|la|bisemutum}} is derived from German {{lang|de|Wismuth}}, perhaps from {{lang|de|weiße Masse}}, and means "white mass", due to its appearance.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Po
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Polonia}}
|meaning     = "Poland"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after [[Poland]], homeland of discoverer [[Biography:Marie Curie|Marie Curie]].
|alt-name   = '''radium F'''
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=At
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ἄστατος}} ({{transl|grc|astatos}})
|meaning     = "unstable"
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|ἄστατος}} ({{transl|grc|astatos}}), meaning "unstable".
|alt-name    = '''alabamine''' (Ab) was an earlier proposed name for astatine
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Rn
|word-origin-lang = Latin via German and English<ref>{{OEtymD|radon| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
|word-origin = [[Chemistry:Radium|radium]]
|meaning     = 
|origin      = 
|desc        = Contraction of [[Chemistry:Radium|radium]] [[Emanation (chemistry)|emanation]], since the element appears in the radioactive decay of radium.
|alt-name    = '''niton''' (Nt), from Latin {{lang|la|nitens}} "shining", because of the radioluminescence of radon.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Fr
|word-origin-lang = French
|word-origin = {{lang|fr|France}}
|meaning     = 
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named for France (literally: "Land of the Franks"), where it was discovered (at the [[Curie Institute (Paris)|Curie Institute, Paris]]).
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ra
|word-origin-lang = Latin via French
|word-origin = {{lang|la|radius}}
|meaning     = "ray"
|origin      = descriptive
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|radius}} meaning "ray", because of its [[Physics:Radioactive|radioactivity]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ac
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|ἀκτίς}} ({{transl|grc|aktis}})
|meaning     = "beam"
|origin      = 
|desc        = From Greek {{lang|grc|ἀκτίς}}/{{lang|grc|ἀκτῖνος}} ({{transl|grc|aktis}}/{{transl|grc|aktinos}}), which means "beam ([[Physics:Ray (optics)|ray]])".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Th
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Old Norse|Old Norse]]
|word-origin = {{lang|non|Þōrr}} ({{transl|en|Thor}})
|meaning     = "thunder"
|origin      = mythological
|desc        = From [[Social:Old Norse|Old Norse]] {{lang|non|Þōrr}} ({{transl|en|[[Religion:Thor|Thor]]}}), a god associated with thunder in [[Norse mythology]].<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
|alt-name    = '''ionium''' (Io) was given early in the study of radioactive elements to the Thorium-230 [[Physics:Isotope|isotope]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Pa
|word-origin-lang = Greek
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|πρῶτος}} + {{lang|grc|ἀκτίς}}
|meaning     = "first beam element"
|origin      = descriptive?
|desc        = From Greek {{transl|grc|proto-}} "first" + Neo-Latin {{lang|la|actinium}} (itself from Greek {{lang|grc|ἀκτίς}}, gen.<sup>[?]</sup>: {{lang|grc|ἀκτῖνος}}) "ray": ''proto(-)actinium'', later shortened to ''protactinium''.<ref>'''Protactinium'''; In 1913, [[Kasimir Fajans]] and [[Otto H. Göhring]] identified and named element 91 '''brevium''', from Latin {{lang|la|brevis}}, which means "brief, short"; protactinium has a short half-life. The name was changed to "protoactinium" in 1918 and shortened to '''protactinium''' in 1949.</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=U
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Οὐρανός}} ({{transl|grc|Ouranos}}); "Uranus"
|meaning     = "sky"
|origin      = astrological;<br/>mythological
|desc        = Named after the planet [[Astronomy:Uranus|Uranus]], which had been discovered eight years earlier in 1781. The planet was named after the god [[Religion:Uranus (mythology)|Uranus]], the god of sky and [[Unsolved:Heaven|heaven]] in [[Religion:Greek mythology|Greek mythology]].<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Np
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Neptunus}}
|meaning     = "Neptune"
|origin      = astrological;<br/>mythological
|desc        = Named for [[Astronomy:Neptune|Neptune]], the planet. The planet itself was named after the god [[Religion:Neptune (mythology)|Neptune]], the god of oceans in Roman mythology.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Pu
|word-origin-lang = Greek via Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|grc|Πλούτων}} ({{transl|grc|Ploutōn}}) via "Pluto"
|meaning     = "god of wealth"<ref>{{OEtymD|Pluto| access-date= 2011-01-02}}</ref>
|origin      = astrological;<br/>mythological
|desc        = Named after the dwarf planet [[Astronomy:Pluto|Pluto]] (then considered to be the ninth planet), because it was discovered directly after element neptunium ({{slink||Np}}) and is higher than element uranium ({{slink||U}}) in the [[Chemistry:Periodic table|periodic table]]. Thus, plutonium was named by analogy with the ordering of the planets, ending with Pluto. Pluto itself was named after [[Religion:Pluto (mythology)|Pluto]], a Greek god of the dead.<ref name="mythology-planet-element"/> Greek {{lang|grc|Πλούτων}} ({{transl|grc|Ploutōn}}) is related to the word {{lang|grc|πλοῦτος}} ({{transl|grc|ploutos}}) meaning "wealth".
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Am
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = [[Earth:Americas|America]]
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named for the Americas, because it was discovered in the United States; by analogy with ''europium'' ({{slink||Eu}}). The name of the continent [[Earth:Americas|America]] itself is derived from the name of the Italian navigator [[Amerigo Vespucci]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cm
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = Curie, Marie and Pierre
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Marie Curie|Marie]] and [[Biography:Pierre Curie|Pierre Curie]], who discovered [[Chemistry:Radium|radium]] and researched [[radioactivity]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Bk
|word-origin-lang = [[Anglo-Saxon]] via English
|word-origin = [[Organization:University of California, Berkeley|University of California, Berkeley]]
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named for the [[Organization:University of California, Berkeley|University of California, Berkeley]], where it was discovered. The city of [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] itself was named after [[Biography:George Berkeley|George Berkeley]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cf
|word-origin-lang = English
|word-origin = California
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named for the state of [[California]], US, and for the [[Organization:University of California, Berkeley|University of California, Berkeley]]. The origin of the state's name itself is [[Origin of the name California|disputed]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Es
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:German language|German]]
|word-origin = Einstein, Albert
|meaning     = 
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Albert Einstein|Albert Einstein]], for his work on [[Physics:Theoretical physics|theoretical physics]], which included the [[Physics:Photoelectric effect|photoelectric effect]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Fm
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Italian language|Italian]]
|word-origin = Fermi, Enrico
|meaning     = Italian surname
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Enrico Fermi|Enrico Fermi]], who developed the first [[Physics:Nuclear reactor|nuclear reactor]], [[Physics:Quantum mechanics|quantum theory]], nuclear and particle physics, and [[Physics:Statistical mechanics|statistical mechanics]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Md
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = Mendeleyev, Dmitri
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Dmitri Mendeleyev]], who invented [[Chemistry:Periodic table|periodic table]].<ref>'''Mendelevium''', "Mendeleyev" commonly spelt as Mendeleev, Mendeléef, or Mendelejeff, and first name sometimes spelt as Dmitry or Dmitriy</ref>
|alt-name    = '''eka-thulium'''.<ref name="eka-named elements"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=No
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = Nobel, Alfred
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Alfred Nobel]], who invented [[dynamite]] and instituted the [[Nobel Prizes]] foundation.
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Lr
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = Lawrence, Ernest
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Ernest Lawrence|Ernest Lawrence]], who was involved in the development of the [[Physics:Cyclotron|cyclotron]].
|symbol-etym = '''Lw''' was used formerly, '''Lr''' is used since 1963.<ref name="naming controversy"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Rf
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = Rutherford, Ernest
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Ernest Rutherford|Ernest Rutherford]], who pioneered the [[orbital theory|Bohr model]] of the [[Physics:Atom|atom]]. '''Rutherfordium''' has also been called '''kurchatovium''' ('''Ku'''), named in honour of [[Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov]], who helped develop understanding of the [[Chemistry:Uranium|uranium]] [[Philosophy:Chain reaction|chain reaction]] and the [[Physics:Nuclear reactor|nuclear reactor]].
|alt-name    = '''unnilquadium''' (Unq, '104'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]]<ref name="element name Uxx">Formal IUPAC [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|Systematic element name]]. Temporary name and symbol, denoting the element number, available before a formal name is given.</ref><ref name="naming controversy"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Db
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Russian language|Russian]]
|word-origin = {{lang|ru|Дубна}} ({{transl|ru|Dubna}})
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named for [[Organization:Dubna|Dubna]], Russia, location of the [[Organization:Joint Institute for Nuclear Research|Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] (JINR) where it was discovered. 
|alt-names   = '''hahnium''' (Ha) was proposed by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, in honour of [[Biography:Otto Hahn|Otto Hahn]], for his pioneering work in [[radioactivity]] and [[Chemistry:Radiochemistry|radiochemistry]], but the proposal was rejected.<ref name="naming controversy"/><br/>'''unnilpentium''' (Unp, '105'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Sg
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Swedish language|Swedish]] via English
|word-origin = [[Biography:Glenn T. Seaborg|Seaborg, Glenn Teodor]]
|meaning     = Swedish surname
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Glenn T. Seaborg|Glenn T. Seaborg]], who discovered the chemistry of the [[transuranium elements]], shared in the discovery and isolation of ten elements, and developed and proposed the [[actinide series]].
|alt-names   = '''eka-tungsten''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''unnilhexium''' (Unh, '106'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/><ref name="naming controversy"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Bh
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = [[Biography:Niels Bohr|Bohr, Niels]]
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Niels Bohr|Niels Bohr]], who made fundamental contributions to the understanding of [[atomic structure]] and [[Physics:Quantum mechanics|quantum mechanics]].<ref name="naming controversy">see [[Chemistry:List of chemical elements naming controversies|List of chemical elements naming controversies]]</ref>
|alt-name    = '''unnilseptium''' (Uns, '107'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Hs
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Hassia}}
|meaning     = "[[Hesse]]"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = From Latin {{lang|la|Hassia}}, meaning [[Hessen]], the German state where it was discovered at the [[Organization:GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research|GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]], [[Darmstadt]].<ref name="naming controversy"/>
|alt-names   = '''eka-osmium''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''unniloctium''' (Uno, '108'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Mt
|word-origin-lang = 
|word-origin = [[Biography:Lise Meitner|Meitner, Lise]]
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Lise Meitner|Lise Meitner]], who shared discovery of [[Physics:Nuclear fission|nuclear fission]].<ref name="naming controversy"/>
|alt-names   = '''eka-iridium''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''unnilennium''' (Une, '109'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ds
|word-origin-lang = German
|word-origin = {{lang|de|Darmstadt}}
|meaning     = proper name
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named for [[Darmstadt]], where it was discovered at the [[Organization:GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research|GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]].
|alt-name    = '''eka-platinum''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''ununnilium''' (Uun, '110'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/><ref>Some humorous scientists suggested the name '''policium''', because 110 is the [[emergency telephone number]] for the German police.</ref>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Rg
|lang-orig   = 
|word-origin = Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad
|meaning     = 
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]], who discovered and produced [[Physics:X-ray|X-ray]]s.
|alt-names   = '''eka-gold''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''unununium''' (Uuu, '111'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Cn
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Polish language|Polish]] via Latin
|word-origin = Copernicus, Nicolaus
|meaning     = Polish surname, literally: "copper nickel"
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Nicolaus Copernicus|Nicolaus Copernicus]].
|alt-names   = '''eka-mercury''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/> and temporarily [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]] '''ununbium''' (Uub, '112'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Nh
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Japanese language|Japanese]]
|word-origin = {{lang|ja|日本}} ({{transl|ja|Nihon}})
|meaning     = "Japan"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after {{transl|ja|Nihon}} ("[[Japan]]"), where the element was discovered at the [[Organization:Riken|Riken]] research institute.
|alt-names   = '''eka-thallium''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''ununtrium''' (Uut, '113'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Fl
|word-origin-lang = Russian
|word-origin = Flerov, Georgy
|meaning     = Russian surname
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Biography:Georgy Flyorov|Georgy Flyorov]], who was at the forefront of Soviet [[Physics:Nuclear physics|nuclear physics]] and founder of the [[Organization:Joint Institute for Nuclear Research|Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] in [[Organization:Dubna|Dubna]], [[Russia]], where the element was discovered.
|alt-name    = '''ununquadium''' (Uuq, '114'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Mc
|word-origin-lang = Latin
|word-origin = {{lang|la|Moscovia}}
|meaning     = "[[Place:Moscow|Moscow]]"
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after [[Moscow Oblast]], where the element was discovered.
|alt-names   = '''eka-bismuth''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''ununpentium''' (Uup, '115'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Lv
|word-origin-lang = English
|word-origin = Livermore, Lawrence
|origin      = toponym
|alt-name    = '''ununhexium''' (Uuh, '116'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
|desc        = Named in honour of [[Organization:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory|Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]], which collaborated in the discovery and is in [[Livermore, California]], in turn named after the rancher [[Robert Livermore]].
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Ts
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Cherokee language|Cherokee]] via [[Social:English language|English]]
|word-origin = [[Tennessee]]
|meaning     = 
|origin      = toponym
|desc        = Named after the US state of [[Tennessee]], itself named after the Cherokee village of {{lang|chr|ᏔᎾᏏ}}<!-- Cherokee lang/script --> ({{transl|chr|tanasi}}), where important work for one of the steps to synthesise the element was done in the [[Organization:Oak Ridge National Laboratory|Oak Ridge National Laboratory]].
|alt-names   = '''eka-astatine''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''ununseptium''' (Uus, '117'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
{{List of chemical element name etymologies/row
|symbol=Og
|word-origin-lang = [[Social:Russian language|Russian]]
|word-origin = Oganessian, Yuri ({{lang|ru|Оганесян}})
|meaning     = Russian surname
|origin      = eponym
|desc        = Named after [[Biography:Yuri Oganessian|Yuri Oganessian]], a great contributor to the field of synthesizing superheavy elements.
|alt-names   = '''eka-radon''',<ref name="eka-named elements"/><br/>'''ununoctium''' (Uuo, '118'): temporary [[Chemistry:Systematic element name|systematic name and symbol]].<ref name="element name Uxx"/>
}}
|}
{{Template reference list}}
<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>