View source for Template:Positivism

{{Navbox with collapsible groups
 | name = Positivism
 | title = [[Philosophy:Positivism|Positivism]]
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   | group1 = <!--[Superfluous?:] Positivist p-->Perspectives
   | list1 =
* [[Philosophy:Antihumanism|Antihumanism]]
* [[Philosophy:Empiricism|Empiricism]]
* [[Philosophy:Rationalism|Rationalism]]
* [[Scientism]]

   | group2 = Declinations
   | list2 =
* [[Philosophy:Legal positivism|Legal positivism]]
* [[Philosophy:Logical positivism|Logical positivism]]{{\}}[[Philosophy:Analytic philosophy|analytic philosophy]]
* [[Philosophy:Positivist school (criminology)|Positivist school]]
* [[Philosophy:Postpositivism|Postpositivism]]
* [[History:Sociological positivism|Sociological positivism]]
* [[Biography:Ernst Mach|Machian positivism (empirio-criticism)]]
* [[Rankean historical positivism]]
* [[Philosophy:Positivism in Poland|Polish positivism]]
* [[Russian Machism]]

   | group3 = Principal concepts
   | list3 =
* [[Philosophy:Consilience|Consilience]]
* [[Demarcation problem|Demarcation]]
* [[Philosophy:Evidence|Evidence]]
* [[Philosophy:Inductive reasoning|Induction]]
* [[Theory of justification|Justificationism]]
* [[Unsolved:Pseudoscience|Pseudoscience]]
* [[Philosophy:Vienna Circle#Critique of metaphysics|Critique of metaphysics]]
* [[Philosophy:Unity of science|Unity of science]]
* [[Philosophy:Verificationism|Verificationism]]

   | group4 = Antitheses
   | list4 =
* [[Philosophy:Antipositivism|Antipositivism]]
* [[Philosophy:Confirmation holism|Confirmation holism]]
* [[Philosophy:Critical theory|Critical theory]]
* [[Philosophy:Falsifiability|Falsifiability]]
* {{lang|de|[[Social:Geisteswissenschaft|Geisteswissenschaft]]}}
* [[Philosophy:Hermeneutics|Hermeneutics]]
* [[Philosophy:Historicism|Historicism]]
* [[History:Historism|Historism]]
* [[Human science]]
* [[Social:Humanities|Humanities]]
* [[Philosophy:Problem of induction|Problem of induction]]
* [[Philosophy:Reflectivism|Reflectivism]]
* [[Methodological dualism]] / [[Philosophy:Praxeology|Praxeology]]

   | group5 = Related [[Philosophy:Paradigm shift|paradigm shift]]s<br />in the [[History:History of science|history of science]]
   | list5 =
* [[Non-Euclidean geometry]] (1830s)
* [[Physics:Uncertainty principle|Uncertainty principle]] (1927)

   | group6 = Related topics
   | list6 =
* [[Social:Behavioralism|Behavioralism]]
** [[Social:Post-behavioralism|Post-behavioralism]]
* [[Philosophy:Critical rationalism|Critical rationalism]]
* [[Philosophy:Criticism of science|Criticism of science]]
* [[Philosophy:Epistemology|Epistemology]]
** [[Philosophy:Epistemological anarchism|anarchism]]
** [[Philosophy:Epistemological idealism|idealism]]
** [[Epistemological nihilism|nihilism]]
** [[Philosophy:Epistemological pluralism|pluralism]]
** [[Philosophy:Epistemological realism|realism]]
* [[Holism]]
* [[Philosophy:Instrumentalism|Instrumentalism]]
* [[Philosophy:Modernism|Modernism]]
* [[Naturalism (literature)|Naturalism in literature]]
* [[Philosophy:Nomothetic and idiographic|Nomothetic–idiographic distinction]]
* [[Philosophy:Objectivity (science)|Objectivity in science]]
* [[Philosophy:Operationalization|Operationalism]]
* [[Philosophy:Phenomenalism|Phenomenalism]]
* [[Philosophy:Philosophy of science|Philosophy of science]]
** [[Deductive-nomological model]]
** [[Philosophy:Ramsey sentence|Ramsey sentence]]
** [[Philosophy:Sense data|Sense-data theory]]
* [[Qualitative research]]
* [[Religion:Relationship between religion and science|Relationship between religion and science]]
* [[Sociology]]
* [[Social:Social science|Social science]]
**[[Philosophy:Philosophy of social science|Philosophy]]
* [[Social:Structural functionalism|Structural functionalism]]
* [[Structuralism]]
* [[Philosophy:Structuration theory|Structuration theory]]
}}

 | abbr2 = debate
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 | section2 = Positivist-related debate
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   <!-- Dated links listed chronologically -->

   | group1 = Method
   | list1 =
* {{lang|de|[[Methodenstreit]]}} (1890s)
* {{lang|de|[[Philosophy:Werturteilsstreit|Werturteilsstreit]]}} (1909–1959)
* {{lang|de|[[Positivismusstreit]]}} (1960s)<!--(A dispute between critical theory and critical rationalism, the former accusing the latter of positivism)-->
* [[Social:Great Debates (international relations)#Fourth Great Debate|Fourth Great Debate in international relations]] (1980s)
* [[Philosophy:Science wars|Science wars]] (1990s)

   | group2 = Contributions
   | list2 =
* ''[[Philosophy:The Course in Positive Philosophy|The Course in Positive Philosophy]]'' (1830)
* ''[[Philosophy:A General View of Positivism|A General View of Positivism]]'' (1848)
* ''[[Critical History of Philosophy]]'' (1869)
* ''[[Idealism and Positivism]]'' (1879–1884)
* ''[[The Analysis of Sensations]]'' (1886)
* ''[[Philosophy:The Logic of Modern Physics|The Logic of Modern Physics]]'' (1927)
* ''[[Philosophy:Language, Truth, and Logic|Language, Truth, and Logic]]'' (1936)
* ''[[The Two Cultures]]'' (1959)
* ''[[Astronomy:The Universe in a Nutshell|The Universe in a Nutshell]]'' (2001)

   | group3 = Proponents
   | list3 =
* [[Biography:Richard Avenarius|Richard Avenarius]]
* [[Biography:A. J. Ayer|A. J. Ayer]]
* [[Biography:Alexander Bogdanov|Alexander Bogdanov]]
* [[Biography:Auguste Comte|Auguste Comte]]
* [[Eugen Dühring]]
* [[Biography:Émile Durkheim|Émile Durkheim]]
* [[Ernst Laas]]
* [[Biography:Ernst Mach|Ernst Mach]]
* [[Philosophy:Berlin Circle|Berlin Circle]]
* [[Philosophy:Vienna Circle|Vienna Circle]]

   | group4 = Criticism
   | list4 =
* ''[[Philosophy:Materialism and Empirio-criticism|Materialism and Empirio-criticism]]'' (1909)
* ''[[History and Class Consciousness]]'' (1923)
* ''[[The Logic of Scientific Discovery]]'' (1934)
* ''[[Philosophy:The Poverty of Historicism|The Poverty of Historicism]]'' (1936)
* ''[[Philosophy:World Hypotheses|World Hypotheses]]'' (1942)
* ''[[Philosophy:Two Dogmas of Empiricism|Two Dogmas of Empiricism]]'' (1951)
* ''[[Truth and Method]]'' (1960)
* ''[[The Structure of Scientific Revolutions]]'' (1962)
* ''[[Conjectures and Refutations]]'' (1963)
* ''[[One-Dimensional Man]]'' (1964)
* ''[[Knowledge and Human Interests]]'' (1968)
* ''[[The Poverty of Theory]]'' (1978)<!--(A critique of post-structuralism)-->
* ''[[The Scientific Image]]'' (1980)
* ''[[The Rhetoric of Economics]]'' (1986)

   | group5 = Critics
   | list5 =
* [[Biography:Theodor W. Adorno|Theodor W. Adorno]]
* [[Biography:Gaston Bachelard|Gaston Bachelard]]
* [[Biography:Mario Bunge|Mario Bunge]]
* [[Biography:Wilhelm Dilthey|Wilhelm Dilthey]]
* [[Biography:Paul Feyerabend|Paul Feyerabend]]
* [[Biography:Hans-Georg Gadamer|Hans-Georg Gadamer]]
* [[Biography:Thomas Kuhn|Thomas Kuhn]]
* [[Biography:György Lukács|György Lukács]]
* [[Biography:Karl Popper|Karl Popper]]
* [[Biography:Willard Van Orman Quine|Willard Van Orman Quine]]
* [[Biography:Max Weber|Max Weber]]

   | group6 = Concepts in contention
   | list6 =
* [[Philosophy:Knowledge|Knowledge]]
* [[Philosophy:Objectivity|Objectivity]]
* {{transl|grc|[[Philosophy:Phronesis|Phronesis]]}}
* [[Philosophy:Truth|Truth]]
* {{lang|de|[[Philosophy:Verstehen|Verstehen]]}}

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