Engineering:Vesta (rocket): Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|1960s French sounding rocket}} | {{Short description|1960s French sounding rocket}} | ||
{{Infobox rocket|name=Vesta|image=Vesta french sounding rocket.jpg|caption=Vesta 1|height=10.2 m|mass=5.1 tons|stages=1|country-origin=France|derivatives=|sites=CIEES, [[Organization:Guiana Space Centre|Guiana Space Centre]]|stage1thrust=160 kN|payload=500 Kg|diameter=1 m|alt-height=|status=}}The '''Vesta''' sounding rocket, conceived in 1962 by the Laboratoire de | {{Infobox rocket|name=Vesta|image=Vesta french sounding rocket.jpg|caption=Vesta 1|height=10.2 m|mass=5.1 tons|stages=1|country-origin=France|derivatives=|sites=CIEES, [[Organization:Guiana Space Centre|Guiana Space Centre]]|stage1thrust=160 kN|payload=500 Kg|diameter=1 m|alt-height=|status=}}The '''Vesta''' sounding rocket, conceived in 1962 by the ''Laboratoire de Recherches Balistiques et Aérodynamiques'' (LRBA), a specialized French Army research facility focused on liquid-propelled rocket development.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Serra |first=Jean-Jacques |date=2008-06-14 |title=Veronique and Vesta |url=http://fuseurop.univ-perp.fr/lrba_e.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020121341/http://fuseurop.univ-perp.fr/lrba_e.htm |archive-date=2007-10-20 |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Rockets in Europe}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Capdevila |first=Didier |title=CHRONOLOGIE ARIANE » VERONIQUE ET VESTA |url=http://www.capcomespace.net/dossiers/espace_europeen/espace_francais/veronique_vesta.htm |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Capcom Espace}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Wade |first=Mark |title=Vesta |url=http://astronautix.com/v/vesta.html |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=astronautix.com}}</ref> The initial letter "V" in its name is derived from the city of Vernon. | ||
It was the outcome of an initiative by [[Organization:CNES|CNES]] with the purpose of enabling transportation of more substantial experiments to greater altitudes than the Véronique sounding rocket, also created by the LRBA and in active service at the time.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /> | It was the outcome of an initiative by [[Organization:CNES|CNES]] with the purpose of enabling transportation of more substantial experiments to greater altitudes than the Véronique sounding rocket, also created by the LRBA and in active service at the time.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /> | ||
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== Technical details == | == Technical details == | ||
[[File:CNES Vesta rockets.png|thumb|Vesta rockets|left|200x200px]] | [[File:CNES Vesta rockets.png|thumb|Vesta rockets|left|200x200px]] | ||
Operated by a 160 kN thrust engine using a combination of [[Chemistry:Nitric acid|nitric acid]] and [[Chemistry:Turpentine|turpentine]] as propellants, the Vesta rocket was 10.2 meters tall with a diameter of 1 meter.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vesta-1 |url=http://astronautix.com/v/vesta-1.html |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=astronautix.com}}</ref> Weighing 5.1 tons excluding its payload, Vesta had the capability to send a 500 kg to an altitude of 400 km.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> | Operated by a 160 kN thrust engine using a combination of [[Chemistry:Nitric acid|nitric acid]] and [[Chemistry:Turpentine|turpentine]] as propellants, the Vesta rocket was 10.2 meters tall with a diameter of 1 meter.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wade |first=Mark |title=Vesta-1 |url=http://astronautix.com/v/vesta-1.html |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=astronautix.com}}</ref> Weighing 5.1 tons excluding its payload, Vesta had the capability to send a 500 kg to an altitude of 400 km.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> | ||
== Launches == | == Launches == | ||
Between 1965 and 1969 a total of five Vesta rockets were launched.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Gunter D. | Between 1965 and 1969 a total of five Vesta rockets were launched.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter D. |title=Vesta |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/vesta.htm |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Gunter's Space Page |language=en}}</ref> These launches took place from both CIEES and [[Organization:Guiana Space Centre|Kourou]].<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> The first two launches primarily served as validation tests for the rocket's operation,<ref name=":02" /> whereas the subsequent three carried out scientific experiments.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> | ||
A pig-tailed macaque named ''Martine'' was launched on March 7, 1967, and another named ''Pierette'' on March 13.<ref name=":1" /> These suborbital flights reached {{convert|243|km|mi|abbr=on}} and {{convert|234|km|mi|abbr=on}}, respectively. Martine became the first monkey to survive more than a couple of hours after flying above the international definition of the edge of space. ([[Astronomy:Ham (chimpanzee)|Ham]] and [[Engineering:Enos (chimpanzee)|Enos]], launched earlier by the United States, were chimpanzees).<ref>Burgess | A pig-tailed macaque named ''Martine'' was launched on March 7, 1967, and another named ''Pierette'' on March 13.<ref name=":1" /> These suborbital flights reached {{convert|243|km|mi|abbr=on}} and {{convert|234|km|mi|abbr=on}}, respectively. Martine became the first monkey to survive more than a couple of hours after flying above the international definition of the edge of space. ([[Astronomy:Ham (chimpanzee)|Ham]] and [[Engineering:Enos (chimpanzee)|Enos]], launched earlier by the United States, were chimpanzees).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Burgess |first=Colin |url=https://archive.org/details/Animalsinspace |title=Animals in Space: From Research Rockets to the Space Shuttle |last2=Dubbs |first2=Chris |date=2007 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-387-49678-8 |series=Physics and Astronomy |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/Animalsinspace/page/n420 387] |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-49678-8}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
|+Vesta launches<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> | |+Vesta launches<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
|FU123 Technology | |FU123 Technology | ||
|187 km | |187 km | ||
|Success | |{{Success}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|25 October 1965 | |25 October 1965 | ||
| Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
|FU123 Technology | |FU123 Technology | ||
|109 km | |109 km | ||
|Partial success | |{{Partial success}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|7 March 1967 | |7 March 1967 | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
|FU147 Biology | |FU147 Biology | ||
|243 km | |243 km | ||
|Success | |{{Success}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|13 March 1967 | |13 March 1967 | ||
| Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
|FU147 Biology | |FU147 Biology | ||
|234 km | |234 km | ||
|Success | |{{Success}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|8 November 1969 | |8 November 1969 | ||
| Line 54: | Line 54: | ||
|FU189 Astronomy | |FU189 Astronomy | ||
|204 km | |204 km | ||
|Partial success | |{{Partial success}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}}{{French rockets}} | ||
[[Category:Experimental rockets]] | [[Category:Experimental rockets]] | ||
{{Sourceattribution|Vesta (rocket)}} | {{Sourceattribution|Vesta (rocket)}} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:31, 16 July 2025
Short description: 1960s French sounding rocket
 Vesta 1 | |
| Country of origin | France |
|---|---|
| Size | |
| Height | 10.2 m |
| Diameter | 1 m |
| Mass | 5.1 tons |
| Stages | 1 |
| Capacity | |
| Launch history | |
| Launch sites | CIEES, Guiana Space Centre |
| First stage | |
| Thrust | 160 kN |
The Vesta sounding rocket, conceived in 1962 by the Laboratoire de Recherches Balistiques et Aérodynamiques (LRBA), a specialized French Army research facility focused on liquid-propelled rocket development.[1][2][3] The initial letter "V" in its name is derived from the city of Vernon.
It was the outcome of an initiative by CNES with the purpose of enabling transportation of more substantial experiments to greater altitudes than the Véronique sounding rocket, also created by the LRBA and in active service at the time.[1][2]
Technical details
Operated by a 160 kN thrust engine using a combination of nitric acid and turpentine as propellants, the Vesta rocket was 10.2 meters tall with a diameter of 1 meter.[3][4] Weighing 5.1 tons excluding its payload, Vesta had the capability to send a 500 kg to an altitude of 400 km.[1][2][3]
Launches
Between 1965 and 1969 a total of five Vesta rockets were launched.[5] These launches took place from both CIEES and Kourou.[1][2][3][5] The first two launches primarily served as validation tests for the rocket's operation,[1] whereas the subsequent three carried out scientific experiments.[2][3]
A pig-tailed macaque named Martine was launched on March 7, 1967, and another named Pierette on March 13.[2] These suborbital flights reached 243 km (151 mi) and 234 km (145 mi), respectively. Martine became the first monkey to survive more than a couple of hours after flying above the international definition of the edge of space. (Ham and Enos, launched earlier by the United States, were chimpanzees).[6]
| Date | Site | Vehicle | Mission | Apogee | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 October 1965 | CIEES | Vesta 01 | FU123 Technology | 187 km | Success |
| 25 October 1965 | CIEES | Vesta 03 | FU123 Technology | 109 km | Partial success |
| 7 March 1967 | CIEES | Vesta 04 | FU147 Biology | 243 km | Success |
| 13 March 1967 | CIEES | Vesta 05 | FU147 Biology | 234 km | Success |
| 8 November 1969 | Kourou | Vesta 02 | FU189 Astronomy | 204 km | Partial success |
See also
- French space program
- Véronique
- Diamant
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Serra, Jean-Jacques (2008-06-14). "Veronique and Vesta". http://fuseurop.univ-perp.fr/lrba_e.htm.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Capdevila, Didier. "CHRONOLOGIE ARIANE » VERONIQUE ET VESTA". http://www.capcomespace.net/dossiers/espace_europeen/espace_francais/veronique_vesta.htm.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Wade, Mark. "Vesta". http://astronautix.com/v/vesta.html.
- ↑ Wade, Mark. "Vesta-1". http://astronautix.com/v/vesta-1.html.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Krebs, Gunter D.. "Vesta" (in en). https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/vesta.htm.
- ↑ Burgess, Colin; Dubbs, Chris (2007). Animals in Space: From Research Rockets to the Space Shuttle. Physics and Astronomy. New York: Springer. p. 387. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-49678-8. ISBN 978-0-387-49678-8. https://archive.org/details/Animalsinspace.
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