Biology:Juglans regia Zijing
| Juglans regia Zijing | |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae
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| Family: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | 紫京 Juglans regia Zijing
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Juglans regia Zijing(Chinese: 紫京彩叶核桃树,紫京核桃树) is a cultivar of walnut developed in Beijing, China ,[1] expanded breeding upon the basis of the mother trees of Purple Leaved Walnut, which was founded in the depths of mountains, Qingshui, Beijing (zh), Mentougou District, Beijing in 1998.[2]
Juglans regia Zijing is named after Wang Xiupo. [3] On October 17, 2017, Wang obtained the certificate of plant variety rights from the State Forestry Administration of China.[4] Because of the Juglans regia Zijing's trees have five major features of purple branches, purple female flowers, purple leaves, purple peel and purple walnut kernels, they are also called Wuzi Walnut (五紫核桃).[5][unreliable source?] The trees of Juglans regia Zijing's are mainly distributed in Beijing International Walnut Manor currently.[6]
Main values
- Road greening protection
- Landscape agriculture
- Military and furniture items
- Walnut shell can be processed into works of art[7][8]
Growing environment
Growing at an altitude of about 800 meters above the hillside zones, Juglans regia Zijing's trees have strong resistance and adaptability as well as ornamental value, adapted to temperate climatatic regions.
Flowering takes place in May of Northern Hemisphere,fruiting in September.[6][8]
Planting methods
Gardens selection
Juglans regia Zijing's trees are resistant, adaptable and have ornamental value. They can be planted and cultivated in Temperate climate regions. Owing to the fact that the Walnuts are light preferring plants, it is better to choose the south slope when building a garden in the mountains in the Northern Hemisphere.[9]
Fine preparation
Soil preparation is an important method to improve the survival rate, growth and development of Juglans regia Zijing's trees. The time of site preparation is generally conducted in the first half of afforestation. And this method is taken according to the conditions of walnut gardens:in general, slope below 10 degrees or flat ground,a comprehensive preparation for plowing ought to be adopted.For a slope of 10-20 degrees, the site preparation by reverse-slope is supposed to be used. For a slope above 20 degrees, fish-scale pit site preparation should be taken.[6][10]
Planting management
The planting time of Juglans regia Zijing's trees is around the germination in late March of Northern Hemisphere. The survival rate of seedlings planted one to two years is higher. After planting, it should be irrigated with water, water and fertilizer management should be strengthened. Weeding should be performed frequently, and attention has to be paid to drainage Juglans regia Zijing during the rainy season. On the other hand, attention has to be paid to the prevention of pests and diseases from June to July of Northern Hemisphere.[8]
Planting and cultivation
Scion grafting
Scion collection
Grafting time
The grafting time of Juglans regia Zijing's trees is appropriate during the period from the rootstocks sprout to the first leaf stage,that is to say,from mid-April to early May in the Northern Hemisphere.[8][11]
Rootstocks treatment
Scion grafting
Management after grafting
Do not irrigate water within two weeks after grafting. At the same time, always check the joints. About 20 days, the scions begin to sprout, and they are observed every 3 days or so. The picking up of the exhibition leaves must be released in time and the air outlets cannot be opened once.[6][12]
Plate budding
Scion collection
Select the developing branches and collect the annual branches without pests in the mid-March of the Northern Hemisphere for the scion.[6]
Grafting time
Grafting time is appropriate from the end of May to the beginning of July in the Northern Hemisphere.[8]
Scion grafting
Management after grafting
After grafting, the buds on the rootstock should be promptly removed to promote budding and germination.Check the survival rate in about 10 days. The sign of survival is the shedding of the petiole or the sprouting of buds. After budding, the rootstock can be cut about 2 cm above the bud to stimulate growth of budders. When the budders grow to 10 cm, the plastic strips can be removed for growth. When the bud grows to about 30 cm, it can be picked up for safe wintering.[13]
Prevention and control of pests and diseases
Branch-withering disease
The branch blight of Juglans regia Zijing is caused by fungal infection, the main damage to walnut branches, resulting in dead branches. The prevention and control method is clearing the gardens, clearing the diseased branches, and burning them in a concentrated manner, and the chemical controls walnut anthrax.[14]
Bacterial root rot
Bacterial nuclear root rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, makes seedling root and its lateral root cortex decay, resulting in the death of Juglans regia Zijing's trees in part or in whole. The prevention and treatment methods are to select the nursery lands,dry up the soil,disinfect seeds and improve the soil.[15]
References
- ↑ china.com,"走近紫京核桃树 聆听她的故事";accessed 10 March 2018.
- ↑ cnpvp.gov.cn,"中华人民共和国国家林业局植物新品种保护办公室林业植物新品种保护公告";15 August 2016;accessed 10 March 2018.
- ↑ "权威发布：中华人民共和国国家林业局公告2017年第一批授予植物新品种权名单" (in zh). State Forestry Administration. 8 November 2017. http://www.forestry.gov.cn/main/72/content-1044494.html.
- ↑ "国家林业局公告（2017年第17号）（2017年第一批授予植物新品种权名单）" (in zh). gov.cn. 8 November 2017. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-11/08/content_5237955.htm.
- ↑ brtn.cn,"紫京核桃十分稀有 年产量只有十几个？";15 August 2016;accessed 9 March 2018.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 "紫京彩叶核桃树大起底". http://caijing.chinadaily.com.cn/chanye/2018-03/01/content_35764467.htm.
- ↑ "紫京核桃树苗育苗技术的新突破新格局" (in zh). 163.com. 21 February 2017. http://news.163.com/17/0221/16/CDQHIRPJ000187VG.html.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 "紫京彩叶核桃树 惊艳世界 特立独行". http://news.ifeng.com/a/20180301/56392593_0.shtml.
- ↑ "Juglans regia Zijing's trees have profusion of colours" (in zh). qq.com. http://ln.qq.com/a/20180301/024320.htm.
- ↑ hlx.gov.cn,"紫京核桃标准化建园技术";accessed 9 March 2018.
- ↑ forestry.gov.cn,"紫京核桃嫁接技术";accessed 10 March 2018.
- ↑ sina.com,"紫京核桃苗巧嫁接 技术管理需抓紧";accessed 10 March 2018.
- ↑ ahnw.gov.cn,"紫京核桃夏季怎么管？";accessed 10 March 2018.
- ↑ "紫京核桃枝枯病该怎么预防?" (in zh). lyj.pucheng.gov.cn. 16 December 2015. http://lyj.pucheng.gov.cn/ywgz/slbchfc/55062.htm.
- ↑ ifeng.com,"紫京彩叶核桃树是一种怎样的存在?";accessed 10 March 2018.
External links
- 门头沟白露核桃节开幕.Xinhuanet,reprinted from Beijing Morning Post,9 September 2015;accessed 6 March 2018.
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