Biology:Wynn's propulsion effect

Wynn's Propulsion Effect is a thermodynamic force exerted on the plasma membrane of the cardiovascular tissue of amphibians, particularly notable with the toad, Bufo marinus.

Studies

Recent studies conducted in Sydney, Australia have discovered a behavioral connection. An efferent neurological signal is sent from the central nervous system to the cardiac muscles and decreases the strength of the GABA receptors, therefore slowing the pressure of blood flow. This efferent signal is sent when the amphibians (toads) are physically separated from their peers for a substantial duration of time. The time range has been studied to occur between periods of separation of 6 – 12 months.

Effects

The long-term effects have not been confirmed. However, the short-term effects (Wynn's Propulsion Effect) of physical separation from peers results in lowered cardiovascular function.