Biology:Adenanthos detmoldii

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Short description: Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

Adenanthos detmoldii
Adenanthos detmoldii Cranbourne email.jpg

Priority Four — Rare Taxa (DEC)[1]
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Adenanthos
Section: Adenanthos sect. Eurylaema
Species:
A. detmoldii
Binomial name
Adenanthos detmoldii

Adenanthos detmoldii, commonly known as Scott River jugflower or yellow jugflower,[3] is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.

Description

It grows as an erect shrub to 4 m (13 ft) in height, with hairy branches and long, narrow leaves up to 80 mm length and about 5 mm wide. The flowers, which appear between August and November, consist of a tubular perianth about 25 mm long, and a style about 40 mm long. The perianth is yellow with an orange throat that becomes brown following pollination.[4]

Taxonomy

The type specimen of A. detmoldii was collected from the vicinity of the Blackwood River around 1870,[5] and sent to Ferdinand von Mueller who published the species in Volume 8 of his Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae in 1874. The original type specimen cites "Blackwood-River; J. Forrest",[6] and this has sometimes been interpreted as referring to John Forrest,[7] but John Forrest's brother James is known to have "achieved some repute by making botanical collections of the flora of the Blackwood district for Baron von Mueller",[8] and an isotype lodged at the Botanical Garden in Berlin has been labelled by Ludwig Diels "Blackwood River leg. Jas. Forrest".[9]

Mueller assigned the species to A. sect. Eurylaema,[6] defined as containing those species with perianth tubes that are curved and swollen above the middle.[10] The specific epithet detmoldii was said to be in honour of his friend William Detmold.[6]

A. detmoldii was retained in A. sect. Eurylaema in Ernest Charles Nelson's 1978 revision of Adenanthos,[5] and again in his 1995 treatment of the genus for the Flora of Australia series. The placement of A. detmoldii in Nelson's arrangement of Adenanthos may be summarised as follows:[4]

Adenanthos
A. sect. Eurylaema
A. detmoldii
A. barbiger
A. obovatus
A. × pamela
A. sect. Adenanthos (29 species, 8 subspecies)

This species frequently hybridises with Adenanthos obovatus; the resulting hybrids are known as Adenanthos × pamela.[4]

Distribution and habitat

A. detmoldii is restricted to the vicinity of the Scott and Blackwood Rivers east of Augusta, Western Australia. Unusually for Adenanthos species, it favours damp winter-wet, sandy flats, where it co-occurs with Banksia ser. Dryandra species, Grevillea species, grasses and sedges. It is often the most abundant shrub where it occurs.[5]

Conservation

It is classified as Priority Four - Rare on the Western Australian Department of Environment and Conservation's Declared Rare and Priority Flora List.[1] That is, it is a taxon which, though rare, does not appear to be threatened.[11] It is said to be now largely confined to road verges because most of its range has been cleared for agriculture,[4] though in 1978 Nelson still held out some hope that "[i]t may be common in wet swamp areas that are not accessible and have not been drained."[5]

It is highly susceptible to Phytophthora cinnamomi dieback.[12]

Cultivation

The species prefers well-drained, light soils in full sun to part shade,[13] though, as its natural occurrence in winter-wet areas would suggest, it is hardier to poor drainage than most Adenanthos species.[3] Naturally a dry-summer plant, it performs unexpectedly well in areas with wet or humid summers, though it is vulnerable to grey mould in such climates. Propagation is by cuttings of semi-mature growth.[13]

Gallery

  • Flower detail

  • Foliage

  • in situ

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Adenanthos detmoldii F.Muell.". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/1776. 
  2. ↑ "Adenanthos detmoldii F.Muell.". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?taxon_id=21321. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wrigley, John; Fagg, Murray (1991). Banksias, Waratahs and Grevilleas. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. pp. 61–62. ISBN 0-207-17277-3. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Nelson, Ernest Charles (1995). "Adenanthos". in McCarthy, Patrick. Flora of Australia. 16. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 314–342. ISBN 0-643-05692-0. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Nelson, Ernest Charles (1978). "A taxonomic revision of the genus Adenanthos Proteaceae". Brunonia 1: 303–406. doi:10.1071/BRU9780303. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Mueller, Ferdinand von (1874). Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. 8. p. 149. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7225. Retrieved 2010-03-21. 
  7. ↑ George, Alex (1984). An introduction to the Proteaceae of Western Australia. Kenthurst: Kangaroo Press. p. 21. ISBN 0-86417-005-X. 
  8. ↑ Bolton, Geoffrey (1958). Alexander Forrest: His Life and Times. Melbourne University Press in association with University of Western Australia Press. 
  9. ↑ "Adenanthos detmoldii F.Muell.". Digital Herbarium. Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem. http://ww2.bgbm.org/herbarium/view_large.cfm?SpecimenPK=88520&idThumb=286574&SpecimenSequenz=1&loan=0. 
  10. ↑ Bentham, George (1870). "Adenanthos". Flora Australiensis. 5. London: L. Reeve & Co.. pp. 350–356. 
  11. ↑ "Western Australian Flora Conservation Taxa". FloraBase. Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Environment and Conservation, Government of Western Australia. http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/conservationtaxa. 
  12. ↑ "Part 2, Appendix 4: The responses of native Australian plant species to Phytophthora cinnamomi" (PDF). Management of Phytophthora cinnamomi for Biodiversity Conservation in Australia. Department of the Environment and Heritage, Australian Government. 2006. http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/23925ac2-8fda-4036-aa56-5451f5d8b06d/files/appendix4.pdf. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Adenanthos detmondii". Australian Native Plant Society (Australia). http://asgap.org.au/a-det.html. 

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q4682193 entry



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