Physics:Clamond basket
A Clamond basket is a kind of gas mantle, invented in the 1880s by the Parisian Charles Clamond,[1] and which he later patented in the United States of America .[2] It was the first economically practical gas mantle, since prior mantles had involved expensive materials like platinum and iridium.
Producing the gauze
A dense water-based slurry of magnesium hydroxide and magnesium acetate is forced through a small hole in a metal plate. On exposure to air it solidifies sufficiently to make a thread which is shaped into the required form.
Use
When exposed to a hot flame, a basket made of this composite gauze would burn away the acetate, leaving a brittle but serviceable magnesia (magnesium oxide) basket behind as the mantle. Charles Lungren subsequently patented[3] a support mechanism which allowed such fragile baskets to be employed more easily. Clamond filed a related patent[4] which deals with production, storage, and transport-proofing mantles.
References
- ↑ "Scientific American Supplement Volumes 561, 586, 595, 598, 601, 611, 613, 620, 623 and 633". http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/scientific-american/sup5/The-Clamond-Gas-Burner.html#.UYTSO0kQ-k0.
- ↑ Charles Clamond, "Means and Apparatus for Producing Intense White Light", US patent 261529, published 25 July 1882
- ↑ Charles Lungren, "Incandescent Gas Light", US patent 336576, published 23 February 1886
- ↑ Charles Clamond, "Incandescent Gas Light Mantle", US patent 631617, published 22 August 1899
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