Biology:Iris kolpakowskiana
| Iris kolpakowskiana | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Genus: | Iris |
| Subgenus: | Iris subg. Hermodactyloides |
| Section: | Iris sect. Monolepsis |
| Species: | I. kolpakowskiana
|
| Binomial name | |
| Iris kolpakowskiana Regel
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Iris kolpakowskiana, or Kolpakowski's iris,[2] is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Monolepsis. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia.
Description
It has a bulb covered with a densely reticulate fibrous tunics.[3]
It has 3–4 leaves,[3] which are similar to many irises of the genus Scorpiris, although it has only a few leaves at flowering time.[4]
They are 3.5–11 cm (1.4–4.3 in) long,[3] and can increase up to 30 cm (12 in) later after flowering.[4] They are 0.2 cm wide and ribbed on the underside.[3]
It has a very short stem, green spathes (leaves of the flower bud) and perianth tube 5–9 cm (2.0–3.5 in) long.[3]
It blooms in late winter,[5] between March,[6] and April.[3]
The flowers are bi-tone (2 coloured),[7] they come in purple shades, from reddish-violet,[7] lilac-violet,[3][8] pale lilac to pale purple.[5]
Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.[9]:17 The falls are lanceolate shaped, 3.5–4 cm (1.4–1.6 in) long.[3] They are dark violet, purple,[3] or dark reddish purple,[5] with a yellow,[3] or yellow orange ridge.[5][7] The standards are obovate or oblanceolate shaped and 3.5–5 cm (1.4–2.0 in) long.[3]
It has stamens with filaments that are 0.5–0.9 cm long.[3]
After the iris has flowered, it produces a cylindrical with a short beak seed capsule.[3]
Biochemistry
As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[9]:18 It was counted as 2n=20.[7][3]
Taxonomy
It is pronounced as (Iris) EYE-ris (kolpakowskiana) kol-pa-kow-skee-AY-nuh.[2] It is sometimes known as 'Kolpakowski's Iris'.[2]
It is sometimes mis-spelt as Iris kolpakowskyana. It was named after the first Russia n military Governor of Semirechye Oblast in modern Kazakhstan Gerasim Alexeevich Kolpakovsky.[10][11][12] See also Sun Tulip or Kolpakowski Tulip.[13]
The iris was first described by Eduard August von Regel in the Botanical Magazine No.6489 in 1880.[5][14]
Iris kolpakowskiana is now an accepted name by the RHS,[15] and was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 2 October 2014.[16]
Distribution and habitat
It is native to temperate Asia.[16]
Range
It is found in the Tien Shan Mountains, Turkestan.[3][6][7] It is also found in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan,[16] and Kyrgyzstan.[17]
Habitat
It grows on the hillsides,[18] and open grassy slopes,[3] in wet sticky clay that dries out in summer.[19]
It is normally found at 800–3,000 m (2,600–9,800 ft) above sea level,[18] near the melting snowline.[3]
Conservation
It was on the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants.[20]
References
- ↑ "Iris kolpakowskiana Regel". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-322017.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "PlantFiles: Kolpakowski's Tulip". davesgarden.com. http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/66031/.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 British Iris Society (1997) A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation, p. 282, at Google Books
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Croom Helm. pp. 145–146. ISBN 9780709907060. https://archive.org/details/growingirises0000cass/page/145.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Walters, Stuart Max (Editor) European Garden Flora: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated, p. 354, at Google Books
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Richard Lynch The Book of the Iris, p. 164, at Google Books
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Kramb, D. (25 September 2004). "Iris aphylla". signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). http://www.signa.org/index.pl?Iris-aphylla.
- ↑ Lyte, Charles (17 March 2001). "In focus: iris reticulata". Daily Telegraph. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/gardening/4793239/In-focus-iris-reticulata.html.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Austin, Claire (2005). Irises; A Garden Encyclopedia. Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-730-9.
- ↑ Foster, Prof. Michael (3 May 1892). "Bulbous Irises". https://archive.org/stream/bulbousirises00fostrich/bulbousirises00fostrich_djvu.txt.
- ↑ "All results for Kolpakowski in Newspaper Archive". myheritage.com. http://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10025/newspaper-archive?action=query&formId=1&formMode=0&qname=Name+fnmo.2+fnmsvos.1+fnmsmi.1+ln.Kolpakowski+lnmo.3+lnmsdm.1+lnmsmf3.1+lnmsrs.1&path=.
- ↑ "Победа казаков и казахов". http://mytashkent.uz/2008/12/08/pobeda-kazakov-i-kazahov/.
- ↑ "Kolpakowski Tulip, aka Sun Tulip". www.paghat.com. http://www.paghat.com/tulipkolpakowskiana.html.
- ↑ "Iridaceae Iris kolpakowskiana Regel". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=438764-1.
- ↑ "Iris kolpakowskiana". www.rhs.org.uk. https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/20387/Iris-kolpakowskiana/Details.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Iris kolpakowskiana | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 22 August 2015 }}
- ↑ Sasha W. Eisenman, David E. Zaurov, Lena Struwe Medicinal Plants of Central Asia: Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan: Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, p. 5, at Google Books
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Iris kolpakowskiana". www.alpinegardensociety.net. 2013. http://www.alpinegardensociety.net/plants/plant-portraits/Iris+kolpakowskiana/13/.
- ↑ "Reticulata Irises". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/ReticulataIrises.
- ↑ Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett (Editors) 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants, p. 679, at Google Books
Other sources
- Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). (referred to as Iridodictyum kolpakowskianum (Regel) Rodion)
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
- Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 177.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q15571696 entry
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