Engineering:Cave-in (excavation)

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Cave-in in an excavation is the detachment of the mass of soil in the side of trench and the sudden displacement inside the excavation which represent a hazard to the person inside.[1][2] Cave-ins is considered as the most critical risk beside other related hazards within trenches.[3][4][5]The reasons that lead to cave-ins fall between pressure on soil, vibration of equipment and excess loads. Cave-ins in excavation is prevented using sloping, shoring and shielding.[6]

Rock and soil classifications

Types of cave-Ins

Cave-in accidents

References