Religion:Kutha meat
Kutha meat or Kuttha meat is the meat of an animal obtained through slow bleeding or religious sacrifice of animals. Abstaining from Kutha meat is one of the requirements for a Sikh to be an initiated Khalsa or sahajdhari according to the Rehat Maryada (Sikh code of conduct).[1][2]
Both the Hindu and the Sikh communities view slow methods of killing animals negatively and forbid adherents from consuming such meat. In Sikhism, there are three reasons for objection to Kutha meat: first being the belief that sacrificing an animal in the name of God is mere ritualism (something to be avoided); second being the belief that killing an animal with a slow bleeding method is inhumane, as it increases the suffering of the animal and is considered a sin as compared to the jhatka method, where the animal is killed in one stroke so as to avoid suffering; and finally as an opposition to the right of ruling Muslims to impose its practices on non-Muslims.[3]
Description
Kutha meat is any meat produced by slow bleeding or religious sacrifice of animals.[4][5] Kutha meat doesn't include just Halal or Kosher meat but also meat of an animal that is slaughtered by Hindus through Bali.[6] For a Khalsa (baptised Sikh), eating Kutha meat is considered sinful.[7] These four sins are part of the Sikh Code of Conduct (Sikh Rehat Maryada).[7] These four transgressions (taboo practices) must be avoided:
- Dishonouring the hair
- Eating the meat of an animal slaughtered using Muslim dhabihah or Jewish shechita practices[8]
- Cohabiting with a person other than one's spouse
- Using tobacco
Jhatka meat
According to Singha, Kutha meat is forbidden in Sikhism as one of the kurahits, although there is no clarity on encouraging or discouraging meat consumption in general. The rejection of Kutha meat was initiated by Sikh Gurus:[9]
According to the ancient Aryan Hindu tradition, only such meat as is obtained from an animal which is killed with one stroke of the weapon causing instantaneous death is fit for human consumption. However, with the coming of Islam into India and the Muslim political hegemony, it became a state policy not to permit slaughter of animals for food, in any other manner, except as laid down in the Quran – the kosher meat prepared by slowly severing the main blood artery of the throat of the animal while reciting verses from the Quran. It is done to make slaughter a sacrifice to God and to expiate the sins of the slaughter. Guru Gobind Singh took a rather serious view of this aspect of the whole matter. He, therefore, while permitting flesh to be taken as food repudiated the whole theory of this expiatory sacrifice and the right of ruling Muslims to impose it on the non-Muslims. Accordingly, he made jhatka meat obligatory for those Sikhs who may be interested in taking meat as a part of their food.—HS Singha, Sikhism, A Complete Introduction[9]
While jhatka meat is acceptable in Sikhism, not all sources of meat are generally acceptable. Sikhs normally avoid eating beef out of consideration for the feelings of Hindus[10] and also because the cow, the buffalo and the ox are an integral part of rural Sikh livelihoods.[11] Similarly, they avoid eating pork when they are in the company of Muslims. However, there is no religious prohibition about eating beef and pork.[10]
See also
- Christian dietary laws
- Diet in Sikhism
References
- ↑ Opinderjit Kaur Takhar (2016). Sikh Identity: An Exploration of Groups Among Sikhs. Taylor & Francis. pp. 38–39. ISBN 978-1-351-90010-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=UaeoDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT39.
- ↑ Karen Pechilis; Selva J. Raj (2013). South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today. Routledge. p. 242. ISBN 978-0-415-44851-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&pg=PA242. "The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of kutha meat, or meat of an animal or fowl slaughtered slowly."
- ↑ Singha, Dr. H.S. (30 May 2009). "7 Sikh Traditions and Customs". Sikhism: A Complete Introduction. Sikh Studies. Book 7 (Paperback ed.). New Delhi: Hemkunt Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-81-7010-245-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=nRodBu9seiIC&pg=PA3. Retrieved 25 November 2010.
- ↑ Pashaura Singh (2013). Karen Pechilis. ed. South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today. Routledge. p. 242. ISBN 978-0-415-44851-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&pg=PA242., Quote: "The Sikh Rahit Maryada forbids hair cutting, adultery, the use of intoxicants, and the eating of Kutha meat, that is Muslim halal meat, obtained through the slow bleeding or religious sacrifice of animals".
- ↑ Jamie S. Scott (2012). The Religions of Canadians. University of Toronto Press. pp. 320. ISBN 978-1-4426-0516-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=GbZJ2ZszYw8C&pg=PA320.
- ↑ Aditya Menon (14 May 2020). "Why Hindutva Outfits Are Calling for a Boycott of Halal Products". The Quint. https://www.thequint.com/news/india/boycott-halal-products-hindutva-muslims-jhatka-meat.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Dharam Parchar Committee (July 1997). "Sikh Reht Maryada Section Six". Shiromani Gurdwara Parbhandak Committee, Amritsar. pp. Article XXIV p. http://www.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_six.html.
- ↑ Scott, Jamie (2012). The Religions of Canadians. University of Toronto Press. p. 320. ISBN 978-1-4426-0516-9.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Dr. H.S. Singha (2005). Sikh Studies. Hemkunt Press. pp. 81–82. ISBN 978-81-7010-245-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=nRodBu9seiIC&pg=PA81.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Rait, S.K. (2005). Sikh Women in England: Their Religious and Cultural Beliefs and Social Practices. Trentham Books. pp. 62. ISBN 9781858563534. https://books.google.com/books?id=hRfkTq1ykSIC&pg=PA62.
- ↑ Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair (2013). Sikhism: A Guide for the Perplexed. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 171–172. ISBN 978-1-4411-0231-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=vdhLAQAAQBAJ.
External links
- The Politics of Sikh Identity: Understanding Religious Exclusion, Paramjit S. Judge and Manjit Kaur (2010)
- The Myth of Goat Sacrifice and Hazoor Sahib
- Sikh Scholar Views on Diet
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