Biology:Hepacivirus A
| Hepacivirus A | |
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Virus classification 
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| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Kitrinoviricota |
| Class: | Flasuviricetes |
| Order: | Amarillovirales |
| Family: | Flaviviridae |
| Genus: | Hepacivirus |
| Species: | Hepacivirus A
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| Synonyms | |
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Hepacivirus A, or Canine hepacivirus (CHV) or Equine hepacivirus (EHV), is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the genus Hepacivirus.[1] It infects dogs and horses, and causes pulmonary infections in dogs. Unlike the related Hepatitis C virus, it is not known to cause hepatitis in either host.
History
The virus was isolated in 2011 from a number of dogs suffering from respiratory infections. Later, distinct lineages were isolated from horses in different locations.[citation needed]
Genome
As of 2012, the genome has not yet been fully sequenced. The available sequence is about 6,500 nucleotides in length. It is predicted to have a polyprotein that can be cleaved into 10 smaller proteins. There is a 'slippery sequence' – A5NNA5 – within the genome which may encode a programmed frameshift. It encodes two envelope proteins (E1 and E2) as well as cysteine and serine proteases.[citation needed]
The overall G+C content is 50.7%.[citation needed]
Evolution
The virus appears to have evolved from the Hepatitis C virus between 500 and 1,000 years ago.[citation needed]
The equine lineages (EHV) are more diverse than the canine lineages (CHV), suggesting that the former are ancestral to the latter. CHV appears to have originated in a cross-species transmission from horses to dogs around 1970. The origin of EHV is not known, but it seems that both EHV and Hepatitis C virus have originated in separate cross-species transmission events from a common source.[2]
References
- ↑ "Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (28): 11608–13. 2011. doi:10.1073/pnas.1101794108. PMID 21610165. Bibcode: 2011PNAS..10811608K.
- ↑ Pybus, Oliver G; Thézé, Julien. "Hepacivirus cross-species transmission and the origins of the hepatitis C virus". http://evolve.zoo.ox.ac.uk/Evolve/Oliver_Pybus_files/HepacivirusCrossSpeciesTransmission.pdf.
Wikidata ☰ Q29006891 entry
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