Biology:Eurythenes gryllus
| Eurythenes gryllus | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Superorder: | Peracarida |
| Order: | Amphipoda |
| Family: | Eurytheneidae |
| Genus: | Eurythenes |
| Species: | E. gryllus
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| Binomial name | |
| Eurythenes gryllus (Lichtenstein, 1822)[1]
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| Synonyms | |
|
Gammarus gryllus | |
Eurythenes gryllus is a relatively large species of amphipod found worldwide in cold, deep oceans.[1][2][3] This widespread and often common species is benthic and lives at depths of 550–7,800 m (1,800–25,600 ft).[2]
It is a predator[3] and scavenger that is fast-swimming and has a highly developed long-range chemoreceptive tracking ability, allowing large numbers to rapidly congregate at carcasses that reach the bottom.[2]
Description and taxonomy
It was first described in 1822 by M. W. Mandt as Gammarus gryllus.[4]
Eurythenes gryllus can grow to c. 15 cm (6 in) long and is red, brown or pale in colour with white eyes.[5] Those of relatively shallow waters only reach about half the length of those found at the largest depths. There are also other morphological differences and genetic studies have revealed several distinct splits, both geographic and depending on depth. The split between the shallow water forms (two widespread lineages found in several oceans) and the deep water forms (two widespread lineages found in several oceans and five restricted lineages each only found in one ocean) is located at a depth of c. 3,000 m (9,800 ft). If each lineage was to be recognized as a valid species, a widespread shallow water lineage found at about 800–2,750 m (2,620–9,020 ft) in both Arctic and Antarctic oceans would be the true Eurythenes gryllus.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Eurythenes gryllus (Lichtenstein, 1822)". http://www.nzor.org.nz/names/60367708-b0af-4d5f-a2e3-569ac2d4988f. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 C. Havermans; G. Sonet; C. d'Udekem d'Acoz; Z. T. Nagy; P. Martin; S. Brix; T. Riehl; S. Agrawal et al. (25 September 2013). "Genetic and Morphological Divergences in the Cosmopolitan Deep-Sea Amphipod Eurythenes gryllus Reveal a Diverse Abyss and a Bipolar Species". PLOS ONE 8 (9): e74218. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074218. PMID 24086322. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...874218H.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Eurythenes gryllus (Lichtenstein, 1822)". https://www.sealifebase.ca/summary/Eurythenes-gryllus.html. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
- ↑ "Gammarus gryllus Lichtenstein in Mandt, 1822". http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=716538. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
- ↑ "Eurythenes gryllus". http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=zsao&id=3358. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
Wikidata ☰ Q6485145 entry
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