Philosophy:Lady Macbeth effect
The supposed Lady Macbeth effect or Macbeth effect is an alleged priming effect said to occur when response to a cleaning cue is increased after having been induced by a feeling of shame.[1] The effect is named after the Lady Macbeth character in the Shakespeare play Macbeth; she imagined bloodstains on her hands after committing murder.
Background
In one experiment, different groups of participants were asked to recall a good or bad past deed, after which they were asked to fill in the letters of three incomplete words: "W_ _H", "SH_ _ER" and "S_ _P". Those who had been asked to recall a bad deed were about 60% more likely to respond with cleansing-related words like "wash", "shower" and "soap" instead of alternatives such as "wish", "shaker" or "stop".[1]
In another experiment, experimenters were able to reduce choice-supportive bias by having subjects engage in forms of self-cleaning.[2]
The effect is apparently localized enough that those who had been asked to lie verbally preferred an oral cleaning product and those asked to lie in writing preferred a hand cleaning product over the other kind of cleanser and other control items.[3]
Other researchers have been unable to replicate the basic effect using larger samples.[4][5] Replication difficulties have emerged for three out of four of Zhong and Liljenquist's original studies (i.e., Study 2, Study 3, and Study 4).[6][better source needed] A meta-analysis of 15 studies examining the relationship between primes related to moral threat and cleansing preferences found a small effect, with no significant relationship evident across 11 studies conducted by researchers other than the original ones.[7]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zhong, Chen-Bo; Liljenquist, Katie (2006). "Washing Away Your Sins: Threatened Morality and Physical Cleansing". Science 313 (5792): 1451–1452. doi:10.1126/science.1130726. PMID 16960010. Bibcode: 2006Sci...313.1451Z. http://haniff.sg/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/washing-away-your-sins.pdf.
- ↑ Lee, Spike W. S.; Schwarz, Norbert (2010). "Washing away postdecisional dissonance". Science 328 (5979): 709. doi:10.1126/science.1186799. PMID 20448177. Bibcode: 2010Sci...328..709L. https://semanticscholar.org/paper/a53673ec17fae0c0cc1e493e6a4b52f7ffbb53bb.
- ↑ Lee, Spike W. S.; Schwarz, Norbert (2010). "Dirty Hands and Dirty Mouths: Embodiment of the Moral-Purity Metaphor Is Specific to the Motor Modality Involved in Moral Transgression". Psychological Science 21 (10): 1423–1425. doi:10.1177/0956797610382788. PMID 20817782. https://semanticscholar.org/paper/ca41aabc542e1e15ec93bb56f472389f730f1a67.
- ↑ Fayard, Jennifer (2009). "Is cleanliness next to godliness? Dispelling old wives' tales: Failure to replicate Zhong and Liljenquist (2006)". Journal of Articles in Support of the Null Hypothesis 6: 21–30. http://www.jasnh.com/pdf/Vol6-No2.pdf.
- ↑ Earp, Brian D.; Everett, Jim A. C.; Madva, Elizabeth N.; Hamlin, J. Kiley (2014). "Out, Damned Spot: Can the "Macbeth Effect" be Replicated?". Basic and Applied Social Psychology 36: 91–98. doi:10.1080/01973533.2013.856792. https://www.academia.edu/4336726.
- ↑ "Curate Science - Crowdsourcing the Transparency of Empirical Research". http://curatescience.org/#z&l.
- ↑ Siev, Jedidiah; Zuckerman, Shelby E.; Siev, Joseph J. (September 2018). "The Relationship Between Immorality and Cleansing". Social Psychology 49 (5): 303–309. doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000349. https://curatescience.org/app/article/300.
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