Biology:Mantisalca
| Mantisalca | |
|---|---|
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| A dagger flower, Mantisalca salmantica, in Albatera Alicante, Spain. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Carduoideae |
| Tribe: | Cardueae |
| Subtribe: | Centaureinae |
| Genus: | Mantisalca Cass.[1][2] |
| Type species | |
| Mantisalca salmantica (L.) Briq. & Cavill.
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Mantisalca is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.[3][4]
Description
Annual or biennial herbs growing between 50 cm to 1.3 metres in size.[5][6] Herbage is not spiny.[6]
Morphology
The stems are erect, strongly branched, longitudinal parallel lines (striate) with wings on stem absent.[5]
Leaves grow around the base (basal) and along the stem (cauline).[6] Leaves are without spines. Basal leaves dissected to the midrib with the leave segments merging (confluent) at the midrib (pinnatisect).[5] Stem leaves sparse, much reduced, very narrow in length with parallel sides (linear) and toothed, with the teeth pointing towards the leaf tip (serrate).[5]
Flower heads are solitary with ray-florets absent and receptacle scales present.[7] Involcural bracts are ovoid to spheric in shape, 10 to 15 mm in diameter.[6] The bracts are in several series, up to eight in number, ending in a short deciduous spines or with a short sharp point (mucronate).[7][6][5]
Distribution and habitat
Mantisalca occurs primarily in northern Africa, southern Europe and Turkey. One species, Mantisalca salmantica, is naturalised in Australia.[5]
Taxonomy
Etymology
Mantisalca is the anagram of the type species epithet salmantica.[6]
Species
- Mantisalca amberboides (Caball.) Maire - Morocco
- Mantisalca cabezudoi E.Ruíz & Devesa
- Mantisalca delestrii Briq. & Cavill. - Morocco, Algeria
- Mantisalca duriaei Briq. & Cavill. - France , Spain , Italy
- Mantisalca salmantica (L.) Briq. & Cavill. - widespread from Britain + Morocco to Palestine
- Mantisalca spinulosa (Rouy) E.Ruíz & Devesa
Selected hybrids include:
- Mantisalca × castroviejoi E.Ruíz & Devesa
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cassini 1818, p. 142.
- ↑ "Plant Name Details for Genus Mantisalca". IPNI. http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=9948-1. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
- ↑ Tropicos, Mantisalca Cass.
- ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Mantisalca includes photos and distribution maps
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Orchard 2015.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Keil 2006.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Stanley & Ross 1986, p. 587.
- ↑ Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
- ↑ "Query Results for Genus Genus". IPNI. http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_genus=Mantisalca&find_rankToReturn=spec&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
- ↑ "Name - Mantisalca Cass. subordinate taxa". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/NameSubordinateTaxa.aspx?nameid=40013420. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
Bibliography
- Cassini, Henri (1818). Société Philomathique de Paris. ed (in french). Bulletin des sciences. 2. Paris: Plassan. pp. 141–144. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/26554.
- Orchard, Anthony E. (2015). Flora of Australia. Mantisalca. 37. Melbourne: ABRS/CSIRO. pp. 73. https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/ad128eeb-5a72-4129-9302-4d619cdca312/files/flora-australia-37-asteraceae-1.pdf.
- Keil, David (2006). Flora of North America Editorial Committee. ed. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Mantisalca. 19. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 173. http://beta.floranorthamerica.org/Mantisalca.
- Stanley, Trevor D.; Ross, Estelle M. (1986). Flora of south-eastern Queensland. 2. Brisbane, Australia: Queensland Dept. of Primary Industries. ISBN 9780724217601. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/178300.
Wikidata ☰ Q2839686 entry
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