Engineering:Cessna 185 Skywagon
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Short description: American light aircraft
| Cessna 185 Skywagon | |
|---|---|
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| A Cessna 185 with floats | |
| Role | Light utility aircraft |
| Manufacturer | Cessna Aircraft Company |
| First flight | July 1960 |
| Introduction | 1961 |
| Produced | 1961–1985 |
| Number built | over 4,400 |
| Developed from | Cessna 180 |
| Variants | St-Just Super-Cyclone |
The Cessna 185 Skywagon is a six-seat, single-engined, general aviation light aircraft manufactured by Cessna. It first flew as a prototype in July 1960, with the first production model completed in March 1961. The Cessna 185 is a high-winged aircraft with non-retractable conventional landing gear and a tailwheel.
Over 4,400 were built with production ceasing in 1985. When Cessna re-introduced some of its most popular models in the 1990s, the tailwheel equipped Cessna 180 and 185 were not put back into production.
Design and development
The aircraft is basically a Cessna 180 with a strengthened fuselage. The main difference between the two aircraft is the larger vertical fin on the 185 and the 300 hp (224 kW) Continental IO-520-D engine as opposed to the 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-S fitted to the Cessna 180. The exception was that a Continental Motors IO-470-F engine of 260 hp (194 kW) was initially fitted until midway through the 1966 production year. The later model Skywagon II has a factory fitted avionics package.
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The Skywagon can also be fitted with floats, amphibious floats, or skis. The AgCarryall variant of the 185 adds a 151-gallon belly chemical tank and removable spray booms for aerial application. It is also possible to fit a cargo pod under the fuselage that can carry an extra 300 lb (136 kg).
Operational history
The 180 and 185 are widely used in bush flying, the commercial transport of passengers and freight to rudimentary, remote airstrips, lakes and snowfields, primarily in Canada and Alaska.
Variants
Civil variants
- 185 Skywagon
- Six seat high wing light aircraft powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F, landplane gross weight 3,200 lb (1,451 kg) and first certified on 31 January 1961.[1]
- 185A Skywagon
- Six seat high wing light aircraft powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F, landplane gross weight 3,200 lb (1,451 kg) and first certified on 20 September 1961.[1]
- 185B Skywagon
- Six seat high wing light aircraft powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F, landplane gross weight 3,200 lb (1,451 kg) and first certified on 25 June 1962.[1]
- 185C Skywagon
- Six seat high wing light aircraft powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F, landplane gross weight 3,200 lb (1,451 kg) and first certified on 19 July 1963.[1]
- 185D Skywagon
- Six seat high wing light aircraft powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F, landplane gross weight 3,200 lb (1,451 kg) and first certified on 17 June 1964.[1]
- 185E Skywagon
- Six seat high wing light aircraft powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F, landplane gross weight 3,300 lb (1,497 kg) and first certified on 24 September 1965.[1]
- A185E Skywagon and AgCarryall
- Six seat high wing light aircraft and agricultural aircraft powered by a 300 hp (224 kW) Continental IO-520-D, landplane gross weight 3,350 lb (1,520 kg) and first certified on 24 September 1965.[1]
- A185F Skywagon and AgCarryall
- Six seat high wing light aircraft and agricultural aircraft powered by a 300 hp (224 kW) Continental IO-520-D, landplane gross weight 3,350 lb (1,520 kg) and first certified on 16 October 1973.[1]
Military variants
- U-17A
- Military version of the Cessna 185E, powered by a 260-hp (194-kW) Continental IO-470-F piston engine. Supplied by the USAF to a number of countries under the Military Assistance Programme.
- U-17B
- Military version of the Cessna A185E, powered by a 300-hp (224-kW) Continental IO-520-D piston engine. Supplied by the USAF to a number of countries under the Military Assistance Programme.
- U-17C
- Four-seat light utility aircraft, powered by a Continental IO-470-L piston engine.
Operators
Civil operators
The Cessna 185 is popular with air charter companies and is operated by private individuals and companies.
Military operators
A Cessna U-17A of the Republic of Vietnam Air Force (RVNAF) at Nha Trang Air Base.
As part of the United States Military Assistance Program, Cessna received a contract to supply the United States Air Force with the Skywagon. These were intended for delivery overseas and were designated U-17A and U-17B.
Argentina
- Argentine Army Aviation[2]
Bolivia
- Bolivian Air Force 7 x A185E, 8 x A185F * 5 x U-17A[3]
Costa Rica
- Guardia Civil 3 x U-17A[4]
Ecuador
- Ecuadorian Army 2 x 185D[5]
Greece
- Hellenic Army 9+ x U-17A[6]
Honduras
- Honduran Air Force received a Cessna 185B in 1962, a U-17A in 1963 and a 185D in 1965.[7]
Indonesia
Iran
- Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force 185A[9] – no longer in service
- Islamic Revolutionary Army Aviation 185A[10] – no longer in service
Israel
- Israel Air Force 185 [11]
Jamaica
- Jamaica Defence Force – 4 x 185 from 1963 to 1985[12]
Laos
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- Royal Lao Air Force – U-17s used as reconnaissance and observation aircraft for Nokateng Forward Air Controllers during the Laotian Civil War[13]
Nicaragua
- Nicaraguan Air Force 3 x U-17B[14]
Panama
- Panamanian Public Forces 3 x U-17A[15]
Paraguay
- Paraguayan Air Force 5 x U-17A[16]
Peru
- Peruvian Air Force 9 x 185[17]
Philippines
- Philippine Air Force 8 x U-17A, 9 x U-17B[18]
Portugal
- Portuguese Air Force 5 x 185A operated 1968 to 1974.[19]
Rhodesia
- Rhodesian Air Force – Two civil aircraft impressed into service, about 17 aircraft on loan from the South African Air Force, in service during the 1970s.
El Salvador
- Air Force of El Salvador 1 x 185[20]
South Africa
- South African Air Force 24 x 185A, 12 x 185D, 9 x 185E[21]
South Vietnam
- Republic of Vietnam Air Force – About 100 U-17As and U-17Bs were used by the VNAF. No longer in service.
Thailand
Turkey
- Turkish Army Aviation U-17B[24]
Uruguay
- Uruguayan Air Force 12 x U-17A[25]
Accidents and Incidents
- On August 14, 1989, a Cessna A185E Skywagon registered N95KW crashed shortly after a balked landing at Coastal Airport, located near Myrtle Grove, Florida. The pilot's seat latch slipped on the railing, causing the pilot to unintentionally stall the aircraft. The pilot and the two passengers on board were all severely injured. The resulting product liability trial, concluding twelve years later, resulted in a $480 million judgment against Cessna. The case was later settled out-of-court for an undisclosed sum.[26] This accident also brought about a series of airworthiness directives that affected all small Cessnas ever built.
- On Friday January 26, 2024 afternoon a Cessna A185F Skywagon broke through the ice at Pineview Reservoir near Ogden, Utah, with the pilot and passenger safely escaping the plane before it became partially submerged in the freezing water. The plane reportedly crashed while performing touch-and-go maneuvers but it is unknown if the plane landed on the ice intentionally or performed an emergency landing.[27]
Specifications (1978 Cessna 185 II landplane)
Data from Cessna[28]
General characteristics
- Crew: one
- Capacity: five passengers
- Length: 25 ft 9 in (7.85 m)
- Wingspan: 35 ft 10 in (10.92 m)
- Height: 7 ft 9 in (2.36 m)
- Wing area: 174 sq ft (16.2 m2)
- Empty weight: 1,748 lb (793 kg)
- Gross weight: 3,350 lb (1,520 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Continental IO-520-D , 300 hp (220 kW)
- Propellers: 2-bladed constant speed, 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) diameter
Performance
- Maximum speed: 155 kn (178 mph, 287 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 145 kn (167 mph, 269 km/h)
- Stall speed: 49 kn (56 mph, 91 km/h)
- Range: 720 nmi (830 mi, 1,330 km)
- Service ceiling: 17,150 ft (5,230 m)
- Rate of climb: 1,010 ft/min (5.1 m/s)
- Wing loading: 19.3 lb/sq ft (94 kg/m2)
Specification for differing configurations
| Landplane | Floatplane | Amphibian | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Length | 27 ft 0 in (8.23 m) | 27 ft 6 in (8.38 m) | |
| Height | 12 ft 2 in (3.71 m) | 12 ft 8 in (3.86 m) | |
| Empty weight | 1,745 lb (792 kg) | 1,910 lb (866 kg) | 2,165 lb (982 kg) |
| MTOW | 3,320 lb (1,506 kg) | 3,265 lb (1,481 kg) on land 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) on water | |
| Max. speed | 136 knots (252 km/h) | 141 knots (261 km/h) | 135 knots (251 km/h) |
| Range | 516 nm (957 km) | 503 nm (933 km) | 482 nm (893 km) |
| Service ceiling | 16,400 ft (5,000 m) | 15,300 ft (4,700 m) | |
| Rate of climb | 960 ft/min (293 m/min) | 970 ft/min (296 m/min) | |
| Wing loading | 19.1 lb/ft2 (93.3 kg/m2) | 18.8 lb/ft2 (91.8 kg/m2) |
See also
Related development
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Federal Aviation Administration (February 2009). "TYPE CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET NO. 3A24 Revision 39". http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/37377ef4b5f2ca218625756e006e0b64/$FILE/3A24%20Rev%2039.pdf.
- ↑ "Se distinguió al Tcnl aviador de Ejército Pedro Acosta" (in es). Ejército Argentino. 2 December 2015. http://www.ejercito.mil.ar/sitio/2015/noticias/noticia.asp?Id=2621.
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 27
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 50
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 58
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 94
- ↑ Hagedorn 1986, p. 67.
- ↑ "Peace Research Institute". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. 1965. http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php.
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 107
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 109
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 113
- ↑ "Cessna 185 Skywagon | Jamaican Defence Force". http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/user/fleet/jamaica-df-cessna-185-skywagon.htm.
- ↑ Churchill 1997, Page 121
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 166
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 174
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 176
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 177
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 181
- ↑ Niccoli 1998, p. 38.
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 188
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 195
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 224
- ↑ World Air Forces – Historical Listings Thailand (THL), http://www.worldairforces.com/countries/thailand/thl.html, retrieved 30 August 2012
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 229
- ↑ Andrade 1982, Page 335
- ↑ "The Devil in the Details, and the Seat Rails...". Check-Six.com. http://www.check-six.com/Crash_Sites/N95KW-Cessna-Seat-Rails-1989.htm.
- ↑ "Cessna Skywagon breaks through ice during touch-and-go maneuvers" (in en). https://www.globalair.com/articles/cessna-skywagon-breaks-through-ice-during-touch-and-go-maneuvers?id=6894.
- ↑ Cessna Aircraft Company: 1978 Cessna Skywagons 180 & 185, page 11. Cessna Aircraft, Wichita, Kansas 1978. SPA 78009-15
References
- Andrade, John. Militair 1982, Aviation Press Limited, London 1982. ISBN:0-907898-01-7.
- Churchill, Jan. Hit My Smoke: Forward Air Controllers in Southeast Asia, Sunflower University Press, Manhattan KS, 1997. ISBN:0-89745-215-1
- Hagedorn, Daniel P. "From Caudillos to COIN". Air Enthusiast, Thirty-three, July–November 1986. pp. 55–70.
- Niccoli, Riccardo (May–June 1998). "Portuguese Numerology: Serial systems used by the Aeronautica Militar and the Força Aerea Portuguesa". Air Enthusiast (75): 33–45. ISSN 0143-5450.
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