Engineering:Savoia-Marchetti SM.62
| SM.62 | |
|---|---|
| |
| SM.62 bis | |
| Role | Reconnaissance flying boat |
| Manufacturer | Savoia-Marchetti |
| First flight | 1926 |
The Savoia-Marchetti SM.62 was an Italian single-engine maritime patrol flying boat produced from 1926. It served with the Regia Aeronautica and with a number of foreign users, and was produced in Spain and the Soviet Union. Some of the Spanish aircraft were still in service during the Spanish Civil War.[1]
Design and development
The SM.62 flying boat was one of the main successes of Savoia-Marchetti, evolved from the SM.59 which first flew in 1925.
The single-engine, single-spar wing, wooden biplane aircraft was powered by a single Isotta Fraschini Asso 500 R.I., 373 kW (500 hp) engine mounted between the upper and the lower wings, and drove a pusher propeller. It had a wingspan of 15.5 m (51 ft), a maximum takeoff weight of 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) including fuel, bombs and four crew, and entered production in 1926.
Apart from the two machine guns in the aft and forward fuselage, both mounted in uncovered positions, the possibility of fitting an Oerlikon 20 mm cannon was explored, but never put into service.
The progress of the project was almost continuous, and the following year saw the SM.62bis development that had a more powerful engine. This aircraft, with a 16 m (52 ft) wingspan, formed the basis of the future SM.78. The new 559 kW (750 hp) Isotta Fraschini Asso 750 engine produced 50% more power, which allowed a maximum take-off weight of 4,000 kg (8,800 lb) with a maximum speed of 220 km/h (140 mph; 120 kn), while the range was 1,200 km (750 mi; 650 nmi). For those times, these were respectable performance figures for a single-engine aircraft.
The SM.62 was one of the first Italian racing- and world-record attempting aircraft, competing in the 1926 New-York to Buenos Aires air race and the 10,000 km (6,200 mi; 5,400 nmi) air race in northern Europe, in addition to setting the speed records of 190.537 km/h (118.394 mph; 102.882 kn) averaged over 500 km (310 mi; 270 nmi) in 1926 – later augmented to 194.237 km/h (120.693 mph; 104.880 kn) – and the world records flying 500 km (310 mi; 270 nmi) while carrying 500 kg (1,100 lb), and finally 100 km (60 mi) and 500 km (310 mi; 270 nmi) with 1,000 kg (2,200 lb).
This was the most successful Italian flying boat outside Italy, with at least one being acquired by Japan for its naval aviation service, several by Romania, and 40 by Spain, some of which were license-built. The USSR acquired the license to construct the SM.62bis in Taganrog plants as the MBR-4, with many examples built.
Romania also acquired the license to construct the SM.62bis, at the IAR factory in Brașov. Five such flying boats were produced in 1936.[2][3][4]
Despite their obsolescence, several Spanish examples fought in the Spanish Civil War. Since the aircraft of those times were not capable of great speeds, several were used at the Desenzano "high-speed flying school" in Italy, as well as continued to serve as reconnaissance bombers. The next derivative, the SM.78, with over a ton more weight and 20% more power; could carry a greater fuel load, effectively doubling the range; and was slightly faster than the SM.62bis.
Variants
- SM.62
- 1926
- SM.62P
- Civil version.
- SM.62bis
- 1927, powered by a 559 kW (750 hp) Isotta Fraschini Asso 750 W-18 engine.
- SM.62ter
- MBR-4
- Soviet production of the SM.62bis at Taganrog
Operators
Kingdom of Italy
- Regia Aeronautica
Japan
- Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
Romania
- Royal Romanian Naval Aviation (11 units)
Spain
Spain
- Spanish Air Force – Post civil war.
Soviet Union
- Soviet Naval Aviation
Specifications (SM.62)
Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928,[6] The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft [7]
General characteristics
- Crew: 3
- Length: 11 m (36 ft 1 in)
- Wingspan: 15.5 m (50 ft 10 in)
- Height: 4.19 m (13 ft 9 in)
- Wing area: 65 m2 (700 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 1,900 kg (4,189 lb)
- Gross weight: 3,000 kg (6,614 lb)
- Disposable load: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × Isotta Fraschini Asso 500 V-12 water-cooled piston engine, 370 kW (500 hp)
- Propellers: 4-bladed fixed-pitch pusher propeller
Performance
- Maximum speed: 200 km/h (120 mph, 110 kn)
- Stall speed: 85 km/h (53 mph, 46 kn)
- Service ceiling: 4,200 m (13,800 ft)
- Time to altitude: 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in 24 minutes
- Wing loading: 46.15 kg/m2 (9.45 lb/sq ft)
- Power/mass: 0.125 kW/kg (0.076 hp/lb)
Armament
- Guns: 4 × 7.7 mm (0.30 in) calibre machine guns, two each in the nose and midships gunners cockpits
- Bombs: 600 kg (1,300 lb) of bombs.
See also
Related development
Related lists
- List of aircraft of the Spanish Republican Air Force
- List of Interwar military aircraft
- List of flying boats and floatplanes
References
- ↑ Johnson, E.R. (2009). American flying boats and amphibious aircraft : an illustrated history. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co.. p. 17. ISBN 978-0786439744.
- ↑ Mark Axworthy, London: Arms and Armour, 1995, Third Axis, Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945, p. 272
- ↑ Francesco Sorge, Giuseppe Genchi, Essays on the History of Mechanical Engineering, Springer, 2015, p. 144
- ↑ Anthony Robinson, The Illustrated encyclopedia of aviation, Volume 11, Marshall Cavendish Corp., 1979
- ↑ "Spanish Civil War aircraft - Home Page". http://bioold.science.ku.dk/drnash/model/spain/index.html.
- ↑ Grey, C.G., ed (1928). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928. London: Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd. pp. 18d–19d.
- ↑ Donald, David, ed (1997). The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Aerospace Publishing. ISBN 1-85605-375-X.
Bibliography
- Axworthy, Mark (September–October 1999). "Flank Guard: Romania's Advance on Stalingrad, Part Two". Air Enthusiast (65): 72–75. ISSN 0143-5450.
Further reading
- Lembo, Daniele SM.78, Storia Militare N.19, Westward editions, pagg. 43–49.
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