Medicine:Cmin

From HandWiki
Revision as of 23:29, 4 February 2024 by Wikisleeper (talk | contribs) (fix)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Short description: Minimum blood plasma concentration of a drug during the time between two doses


Cmin is a term used in pharmacokinetics for the minimum blood plasma concentration reached by a drug during a dosing interval, which is the time interval between administration of two doses. This definition is slightly different from Ctrough, the concentration immediately prior to administration of the next dose.[1] Cmin is the opposite of Cmax, the maximum concentration that the drug reaches. Cmin must be above certain thresholds, such as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), to achieve a therapeutic effect.[2]

In most cases Cmin is directly measurable. At steady state the minimum plasma concentration can also be calculated using the following equation:[3]

[math]\displaystyle{ C_{min}= \frac{SFD k_a}{V_d(k_a-k)}\times\{\frac{e^{-k\tau}}{1-e^{-k\tau}}-\frac{e^{-k_a\tau}}{1-e^{-k_a\tau}}\} }[/math]
[math]\displaystyle{ S }[/math]= Salt factor
[math]\displaystyle{ F }[/math]= Bioavailability
[math]\displaystyle{ D }[/math]= Dose
[math]\displaystyle{ k_\text{e} }[/math]= Elimination rate constant
[math]\displaystyle{ k_a }[/math]= Absorption rate constant
[math]\displaystyle{ V_d }[/math]= Volume of distribution
[math]\displaystyle{ \tau }[/math]= Dosing interval

Cmin is also an important parameter in bioavailability and bioequivalence studies, it is part of the pharmacokinetic information recommended for submission of investigational new drug applications.[4]

References

  1. Weimann, H. J.; Cawello, W.; Brett, M.; Zimmermann, H.; Pabst, G.; Sierakowski, B.; Giesche, R.; Baumann, A. (1999). "Drug concentrations and directly derived parameters". Parameters for Compartment Free Pharmacokinetics: Standardisation of Study Design, Data Analysis and Reporting. Aachen, Germany: Shaker-Verlag. pp. 25–40. ISBN 9783826547676. OCLC 44511664. https://books.google.com/books?id=EzqwAAAACAAJ.  (pages 31–34 in 2003 edition)
  2. Dalton, Bruce R. (March 2023). "What Is the Best Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Parameter to Assess Efficacy? A Critical Review of Experimental Data and Assessment of the Need for Individual Patient Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Value" (in en). Microorganisms 11 (3): 567. doi:10.3390/microorganisms11030567. ISSN 2076-2607. PMID 36985141. 
  3. http://www.pharmpress.com/files/docs/clinical_pharmacokinetics_samplechapter.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  4. https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/.../Guidances/ucm070124.pdf [bare URL PDF]