Physics:Candareen
| Candareen |
|---|
A candareen (/kændəˈriːn/;[1] Chinese: 分; pinyin: fēn; Cantonese Yale: fàn;[2] Singapore English usage: hoon[3]) is a traditional measurement of weight in East Asia. It is equal to 10 cash and is 1⁄10 of a mace. It is approximately 378 milligrams. A troy candareen is approximately 374 milligrams (5.77 gr).
In Hong Kong, one candareen is 0.3779936375 grams[2] and, in the Weights and Measures Ordinance, it is 2⁄150 ounces avoirdupois. In Singapore, one candareen is 0.377994 grams.[3]
The word candareen comes from the Malay kandūri.[1] An earlier English form of the name was condrin.[1] The candareen was also formerly used to describe a unit of currency in imperial China equal to 10 li (釐) and is 1⁄10 of a mace. The Mandarin Chinese word fēn is used to denote 1⁄100 of a Chinese renminbi yuan but the term candareen for that currency is now obsolete.
Postal denomination
On 1 May 1878 the Imperial Maritime Customs was opened to the public and China's first postage stamps, the "Large Dragons" (Chinese: 大龍郵票; pinyin: dài lóng yóupiào), were issued to handle payment. The stamps were inscribed "CHINA" in both Latin and Chinese characters, and denominated in candareens.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Candareen (3rd ed.), Oxford University Press, September 2005, http://oed.com/search?searchType=dictionary&q=Candareen (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) Accessed from OED Online.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Weights and Measures Ordinance". Laws of Hong Kong. http://www.legislation.gov.hk/blis_ind.nsf/e1bf50c09a33d3dc482564840019d2f4/4ed2ff0cf02f2fd9c82564760077af3c?OpenDocument.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Weights and Measures Act (CHAPTER 349) Third Schedule". Singapore Statutes. http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/non_version/cgi-bin/cgi_getdata.pl?actno=1976-REVED-349&doctitle=WEIGHTS%20AND%20MEASURES%20ACT%0A&date=latest&method=part&sl=1&segid=888373245-001666.
- ↑ Institute of Chinese Studies, University of Heidelberg, Germany: Shelfmark: HE6185.C55 T33 1989|title: 大龍郵票與清代郵史 / 中國郵票博物館 編 Ta-lung yu-p'iao yü Ch'ing-tai yu-shih / Chung-kuo yu-p'iao po-wu-kuan pien |Published: 香港 : 商務印書館 Hsiang-kang : Shang-wu yin-shu-kuan, 1989 |Description: 212 p.: col. ill.|ISBN:978-962-07-5077-9 |Language: chi.; eng.|Corp. body: 中國郵票博物館 Chung-kuo yu-p'iao po-wu-kuan|Parallel Title: A picture album of The Large Dragon Stamps and the postal history of the Qing Dynasty|Subjects: Postage-stamps - China - History
See also
- Postage stamps and postal history of China#Imperial China
- Chinese units of measurement
- Economy of China
- Economic history of China (Pre-1911)
- Economic history of China (1912–1949)
 |  |
