Earth:Precipitationshed
In meteorology, a precipitationshed is the upwind ocean and land surface that contributes evaporation to a given, downwind location's precipitation. The concept has been described as an "atmospheric watershed".[1] The concept itself rests on a broad foundation of scholarly work examining the evaporative sources of rainfall.[2][3][4] Since its formal definition, the precipitationshed has become an element in water security studies,[5] examinations of sustainability,[6] and mentioned as a potentially useful tool for examining vulnerability of rainfall dependent ecosystems.[7]
Concept
In an effort to conceptualize the recycling of evaporation from a specific location to the spatially explicit region that receives this moisture, the precipitationshed concept was expanded to the evaporationshed. This expanded concept has been highlighted as particularly useful for providing a spatially explicit region for examining the impacts of significant land-use change, such as deforestation, irrigation, or agricultural intensification.[8][9]
See also
- Water cycle
- Moisture recycling
- Line Gordon
References
- ↑ P. W. Keys (2012). "Analyzing precipitationsheds to understand the vulnerability of rainfall dependent regions". Biogeosciences 9 (2): 733–746. doi:10.5194/bg-9-733-2012. Bibcode: 2012BGeo....9..733K.
- ↑ R. Koster (February 1986). "Global sources of local precipitation as determined by the Nasa/Giss GCM". Geophysical Research Letters 13 (2): 121–124. doi:10.1029/GL013i002p00121. Bibcode: 1986GeoRL..13..121K.
- ↑ E.A.B. Eltahir; R.L. Bras (July 1994). "Precipitation recycling in the Amazon basin". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. Part A 120 (518): 861–880. doi:10.1256/smsqj.51805.
- ↑ P.A. Dirmeyer; K.L. Brubaker (27 August 1999). "Contrasting evaporative moisture sources during the drought of 1988 and the flood of 1993". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 104 (D16): 19383–19397. doi:10.1029/1999JD900222. Bibcode: 1999JGR...10419383D.
- ↑ H. Wheater; P. Gober (13 November 2013). "Water security in the Canadian Prairies: science and management challenges". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 371 (2002 20120409): 20120409. doi:10.1098/rsta.2012.0409. PMID 24080618. Bibcode: 2013RSPTA.37120409W. http://classic.rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/371/2002/20120409.short.
- ↑ J.Rockström (2014). Water Resilience for Human Prosperity. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-02419-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=dl32AgAAQBAJ&q=precipitationshed&pg=PA130.
- ↑ R.Mahmood (March 2014). "Land cover changes and their biogeophysical effects on climate". International Journal of Climatology 34 (4): 929–953. doi:10.1002/joc.3736. Bibcode: 2014IJCli..34..929M. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natrespapers/440.
- ↑ R.J. van der Ent (2013). "Oceanic sources of continental precipitation and the correlation with sea surface temperature". Water Resources Research 49 (7): 3993–4004. doi:10.1002/wrcr.20296. Bibcode: 2013WRR....49.3993E. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2d570f7c-83be-4836-904d-9540acfac4fe.
- ↑ Duerinck, H. M.; van der Ent, R. J.; van de Giesen, N. C.; Schoups, G.; Babovic, V.; Yeh, Pat J.-F. (2016-02-17). "Observed Soil Moisture–Precipitation Feedback in Illinois: A Systematic Analysis over Different Scales". Journal of Hydrometeorology 17 (6): 1645–1660. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-15-0032.1. ISSN 1525-755X. Bibcode: 2016JHyMe..17.1645D. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d3e3372b-0648-4af8-9fac-d3af7e236053.
External links
- Stockholm Resilience Centre Whiteboard talk series
- CABI: Precipitationsheds - a new concept for water science
- Water Resilience for Human Prosperity
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