Social:Aranama language

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Short description: Extinct language of Texas, United States
Aranama
Tamique
Native toTexas
EthnicityAranama, Tamique
Extinctlate 19th century
unclassified
Language codes
ISO 639-3xrt
xrt
Glottologaran1265[1]

Aranama (Araname), also known as Tamique, is an extinct unclassified language of Texas , USA. It was spoken by the Aranama and Tamique peoples at the Franciscan mission of Espíritu Santo de Zúñiga. It is only known from a two-word phrase from a non-native speaker: himiána tsáyi 'give me water!'.[2] Variations on the name are Taranames, Jaranames ~ Xaranames ~ Charinames, Chaimamé, Hanáma ~ Hanáme.[3]

Known words

In 1884, Albert Gatschet recorded one word and a two-word phrase from "Old Simon," a Tonkawa man who also served as an informant for the Karankawa language, of which a short vocabulary was recorded. According to Old Simon, the words were from a language that he referred to as "Hanáma" (or "Háname"):[4]:193

  • himiyána ‘water’
  • Himiána tsýi! ‘Give me water!’

Lexical comparison

Below is a comparison of selected words from Zamponi (2024):[5]

language give me water
Aranama tsaʹyi himiyaʹna
Coahuilteco[6] -a·xa wan
Solano[7] sieh apam
Tonkawa[8] k-e·ke-w ʔa·x
W. Atakapa[9] hiʹ-mic ka(u)ʹkau
Karankawa[10] baHúšb[lower-alpha 1] klej
Cotoname[7] aʹx̣
Comecrudo[7] ayemaʹ 'give' aʹx̣

See also

  • Amotomanco language
  • Solano language
  • Tanpachoa language

Notes

  1. ↑ H stands for the unclear and putative value of <h> in French and Spanish sources.

References

  1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Aranama". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/aran1265. 
  2. ↑ Swanton, John Reed (1940). "Linguistic material from the tribes of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico". Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 127: 1–145. https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/15429. 
  3. ↑ Craig H. Roell, "NUESTRA SENORA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO DE ZUNIGA MISSION," Handbook of Texas Online [1], accessed July 12, 2012. Published by the Texas State Historical Association.
  4. ↑ Mithun, Marianne (2017). "Language Isolates". in Campbell, Lyle. Language Isolates of North America. Routledge Language Family Series. London: Routledge. pp. 193–228. doi:10.4324/9781315750026. ISBN 9781315750026. 
  5. ↑ Zamponi, Raoul (2024). "Unclassified languages". The Languages and Linguistics of Indigenous North America. De Gruyter. pp. 1627–1648. doi:10.1515/9783110712742-061. ISBN 978-3-11-071274-2. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110712742-061/html. 
  6. ↑ Troike, Rudolph C. 1996. "Sketch of Coahuilteco, a language isolate of Texas". In Ives Goddard (ed.), Handbook of North American Indians. Vol. 17: Languages, 644–665. Washington: Smithsonian Institution.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Swanton, John R. 1940. Linguistic material from the tribes of Southern Texas and Northeastern Mexico. (Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 127). Washington: Government Printing Office.
  8. ↑ Hoijer, Harry; Thomas R. Wier (editor). 2018. Tonkawa texts: a new linguistic edition. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
  9. ↑ Gatschet, Albert S. & John R. Swanton. 1932. Dictionary of the Atakapa language accompanied by text material. (Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 108). Washington: Government Printing Office.
  10. ↑ Grant, Anthony P. 1994. Karankawa linguistic materials. Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics 19(2). 1–56.



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