Social:2024 in public domain

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Short description: Overview of works entering public domain

When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of creators whose works enter the public domain in 2024. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform.

Countries with life + 70 years

With the exception of Belarus (Life + 50 years) and Spain (which has a copyright term of Life + 80 years for creators that died before 1987), a work enters the public domain in Europe 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime. For previously unpublished material, those who publish it first will have the publication rights for 25 years.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
Hans Aanrud  Norway 1863 1953 Writer
Tamar Abakelia  Georgia 1905 1953 Sculptor
Abdullah Yusuf Ali  India 1872 1953 Translator The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary
Dimitri Arakishvili  Georgia 1873 1953 Composer The Legend of Shota Rustaveli
Walter Armitage  South Africa 1906 1953 Playwright
Vladimir Bakaleinikov  Russia 1885 1953 Composer, conductor
Rudolf Bauer  Germany 1889 1953 Painter
Arnold Bax  United Kingdom 1883 1953 Composer, writer List of compositions by Arnold Bax
Harmsen van der Beek  The Netherlands 1897 1953 Illustrator, commercial artist Noddy
Hilaire Belloc  United Kingdom 1870 1953 Writer Hilaire Belloc bibliography
Róbert Berény  Hungary 1887 1953 Painter Sleeping Lady with Black Vase
Henri Bernstein  France 1876 1953 Playwright Samson, Mélo
Elsa Beskow  Sweden 1874 1953 Writer, illustrator
Ugo Betti  Italy 1892 1953 Playwright, judge The Fugitive
Henrik Bull  Norway 1864 1953 Architect National Theatre
Ivan Bunin  Russia 1892 1953 Writer List of short stories by Ivan Bunin, List of poems by Ivan Bunin
John Horne Burns  United States 1916 1953 Writer The Gallery
Rosario Candela  United States 1890 1953 Architect 740 Park Avenue
Harold Cazneaux  Australia 1878 1953 Photographer Cazneaux Tree
Ahmed Ghulam Ali Chagla  Pakistan 1902 1953 Composer "Qaumi Taranah"
Albert Coates  United Kingdom 1882 1953 Composer, conductor
Ruth Crawford Seeger  United States 1901 1953 Composer String Quartet 1931
Peter DeRose  United States 1896 1953 Composer "Deep Purple"
Raoul Dufy  France 1877 1953 Painter
Edmund Dulac  France 1882 1953 Illustrator
Jean Epstein  France 1897 1953 Film director The Fall of the House of Usher
Georges Le Faure  France 1856 1953 Writer
Emil Filla  Czech Republic 1882 1953 Painter
Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński  Poland 1905 1953 Poet Skumbrie w tomacie
Albert Gleizes  France 1881 1953 Painter, writer List of works by Albert Gleizes
Milt Gross  United States 1895 1953 Cartoonist
Guccio Gucci  Italy 1881 1953 Fashion designer
Sophia Hayden  United States 1868 1953 Architect The Woman's Building
Mary Brewster Hazelton  United States 1868 1953 Painter
Cecil Hepworth  United Kingdom 1874 1953 Film director, producer Alice in Wonderland (1903 film)
Tatsuo Hori  Japan 1904 1953 Writer The Wind Has Risen
Curuppumullage Jinarajadasa  Sri Lanka 1875 1953 Writer Art as a factor in the soul's evolution
Joseph Jongen  Belgium 1873 1953 Composer Mass, Op. 130
Emmerich Kálmán  Hungary 1882 1953 Composer Die Csárdásfürstin
Thiru. V. Kalyanasundaram  India 1883 1953 Writer
Fritz Kirchhoff  Germany 1901 1953 Film director Attack on Baku
Moïse Kisling  France 1891 1953 Painter
Eduard Künneke  Germany 1885 1953 Composer The Cousin from Nowhere
Jorge de Lima  Brazil 1893 1953 Politician, writer
Will Longstaff  Australia 1879 1953 Painter Menin Gate at Midnight
Oskar Luts  Estonia 1887 1953 Writer, playwright
Kornel Makuszyński  Poland 1884 1953 Writer Koziołek Matołek
Herman J. Mankiewicz  United States 1897 1953 Screenwriter Citizen Kane
Emmanuel de Margerie  France 1862 1953 Geographer
John Marin  United States 1870 1953 Painter
Daniel Gregory Mason  United States 1873 1953 Composer, music critic
Erich Mendelsohn  Germany 1887 1953 Architect List of works by Erich Mendelsohn
Moses Milner  Russia 1886 1953 Composer
Mime Misu  Romania 1886 1953 Dancer, film director In Nacht und Eis, Das Mirakel
Vera Mukhina  Soviet Union 1889 1953 Sculptor, painter Worker and Kolkhoz Woman
Sulaiman Nadvi  Pakistan 1884 1953 Writer Khutbat-e-madras
Ibrahim Nagi  Egypt 1889 1953 Poet "Al-Atlal"
Francesco Saverio Nitti  Italy 1868 1953 Politician
Hisato Ohzawa  Japan 1907 1953 Composer Piano Concerto No. 3
Eugene O'Neill  United States 1888 1953 Playwright Long Day's Journey into Night
Francis Picabia  France 1879 1953 Painter List of works by Francis Picabia
Joseph Pinchon  France 1871 1953 Illustrator Bécassine
Uroš Predić  Serbia 1857 1953 Painter Happy Brothers
Alice Prin  France 1879 1953 Model, painter, writer Kiki's Memoirs
Sergei Prokofiev  Russia 1891 1953 Composer, conductor List of compositions by Sergei Prokofiev
Vsevolod Pudovkin  Russia 1893 1953 Film director, screenwriter
Roger Quilter  United Kingdom 1877 1953 Composer Arnold Book of Old Songs
Rachilde  France 1860 1953 Writer Monsieur Vénus
Graciliano Ramos  Brazil 1892 1953 Writer, translator Vidas secas
Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings  United States 1896 1953 Author The Yearling
Django Reinhardt  France 1910 1953 Composer, musician
Winold Reiss  United States 1886 1953 Painter Winold Reiss industrial murals
Pasquale Rizzoli  Italy 1871 1953 Sculptor
Ludomir Różycki  Poland 1883 1953 Composer
Max Sainsaulieu  France 1870 1953 Architect Carnegie Library of Reims
Rudolph Schindler  United States 1887 1953 Architect Schindler House
Edward Shanks  United Kingdom 1892 1953 Writer Fête Galante
Everett Shinn  United States 1876 1953 Painter
Joseph Stalin  Russia 1879 1953 Politician Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR
Vladimir Tatlin  Russia 1885 1953 Painter, architect Tatlin's Tower
Neyzen Tevfik  Turkey 1879 1953 Poet, satirist
Jérôme Tharaud  France 1874 1953 Writer
Dylan Thomas  United Kingdom 1914 1953 Poet List of works by Dylan Thomas
Totius  South Africa 1877 1953 Poet
Julian Tuwim  Poland 1894 1953 Poet "Murzynek Bambo"
Jules Van Nuffel  Belgium 1883 1953 Composer In convertendo Dominus
Bernard Carra de Vaux  France 1867 1953 Orientalist
Vydūnas  Lithuania 1868 1953 Poet
Erich Weinert  Germany 1890 1953 Writer "Der heimliche Aufmarsch"
Ben Ames Williams  United States 1889 1953 Writer The Unconquered
Hank Williams  United States 1923 1953 Musician List of songs written by Hank Williams
Arthur Wimperis  United Kingdom 1874 1953 Lyricist, screenwriter The Arcadians, Mrs. Miniver
Friedrich Wolf  Germany 1888 1953 Writer Professor Mamlock
Xu Beihong  China 1895 1953 Painter
Vsevolod Zaderatsky  Russia 1891 1953 Composer
John Stepan Zamecnik  United States 1872 1953 Composer

Countries with life + 60 years

In Bangladesh, India, and Venezuela a work enters the public domain 60 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
Babu Gulabrai  India 1888 1963 Writer
Amar Nath Kak  India 1889 1963 Writer
Rajendra Prasad  India 1893 1963 Politician, writer
Acharya Shivpujan Sahay  India 1893 1963 Writer
Laxminarayan Sahu  India 1890 1963 Writer
Rahul Sankrityayan  India 1893 1963 Activist, writer
Anasuya Shankar  India 1928 1963 Writer
Hemendra Kumar Roy  India 1888 1963 Writer
Laudelino Mejías  Venezuela August 1893 1963 Composer

Countries with life + 50 years

In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Belarus , Bolivia and New Zealand, a work enters the public domain 50 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
Zainal Abidin Ahmad  Malaysia 1895 1973 Writer, linguist
W. H. Auden  Great Britain 1907 1973 Poet
Charles Brasch  New Zealand 1909 1973 Poet, editor Landfall
Bobby Darin  United States 1936 1973 Musician
Noël Coward  United Kingdom 1899 1973 Playwright Noël Coward on stage and screen
John Ford  United States 1894 1973 Director John Ford filmography
Anthony Gilbert  Great Britain 1899 1973 Writer The Vanishing Corpse
Lyndon B. Johnson  United States 1908 1973 Politician
Bruce Lee  United States 1940 1973 Martial artist Tao of Jeet Kune Do
Kathleen Lindsay  Great Britain 1903 1973 Writer
Nancy Mitford  Great Britain 1904 1973 Writer The Pursuit of Love
Pablo Neruda  Chile 1904 1973 Poet Canto General, Oda al Gato
Robert C. O'Brien  United States 1918 1973 Writer Z for Zachariah
Gram Parsons  United States 1946 1973 Musician
Isabel Peacocke  New Zealand 1881 1973 Writer Cathleen with a 'C'
Pablo Picasso  Spain 1881 1973 Painter Guernica, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
William Plomer  South Africa 1903 1973 Writer
Allan Sherman  United States 1924 1973 Comedian "Hello Muddah, Hello Fadduh (A Letter from Camp)"
J. R. R. Tolkien  United Kingdom 1892 1973 Writer J. R. R. Tolkien bibliography
Valentin Tomberg  Russian Empire 1900 1973 Mystic Meditations on the Tarot
Alan Watts  United Kingdom 1915 1973 Philosopher Alan Watts bibliography

Countries with life + 80 years

Spain has a copyright term of life + 80 years for creators that died before 1987. In Colombia and Equatorial Guinea a work enters the public domain 80 years after the creator's death.

Names Country Birth Death Occupation Notable work
Carlos Arniches  Spain 1866 1943 Playwright
Carmen Karr  Spain 1865 1943 Activist, composer
Francisco Rodríguez Marín  Spain 1855 1943 Poet
José Jurado de la Parra  Spain 1856 1943 Poet, playwright
Guillermo Valencia  Colombia 1873 1943 Poet, translator

Australia and Canada

In 2004 copyright in Australia changed from a "plus 50" law to a "plus 70" law, in line with the United States and the European Union. But the change was not made retroactive (unlike the 1995 change in the European Union which brought some e.g. British authors back into copyright, especially those who died from 1925 to 1944). Hence the work of an author who died before 1955 is normally in the public domain in Australia; but the copyright of authors was extended to 70 years after death for those who died in 1955 or later, and no more Australian authors will come out of copyright until 1 January 2026 (those who died in 1955).[1]

Similarly, Canada amended its Copyright Act in 2022 from a "plus 50" law to a "plus 70" law, coming into force on December 30, 2022, but not reviving expired copyright.[2][3] No more new authors will come out of copyright in Canada until 1 January 2043 (those who died in 1972). Crown copyright was not changed, thus works published in 1973 entered the public domain in 2024.[4]

United States

Sound recordings that were published in 1923 entered the public domain.[5]

One of the most notable works which entered the public domain in 2024 is Steamboat Willie. The Walt Disney Company had previously lobbied for the extension of copyright length in the United States in order to prevent the short film and its characters—including Mickey Mouse—from entering the public domain. The result of that lobby effort was Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998.[6]

Under the Copyright Term Extension Act, books published in 1928, films released in 1928, and other works published in 1928, entered the public domain in 2024.[7] Unpublished works whose authors died in 1953 entered the public domain.

The earliest incarnation of Mickey Mouse as well as Minnie Mouse entered the public domain work in 2024 through Steamboat Willie and the silent versions of Plane Crazy and The Gallopin' Gaucho. The sound versions of the latter two shorts will enter the public domain in 2025.[8] The House at Pooh Corner by A. A. Milne, including the character Tigger, entered the public domain in 2024. Notable films which entered the public domain in the United States include Abie's Irish Rose, Charlie Chaplin's The Circus, Buster Keaton's The Cameraman, In Old Arizona, The Man Who Laughs, Noah's Ark, The Passion of Joan of Arc, Lights of New York, The Singing Fool, and Harold Lloyd's final silent feature Speedy.

Additional notable works which entered the public domain in the United States include Lady Chatterley's Lover by D. H. Lawrence, Orlando: A Biography by Virginia Woolf, The Well of Loneliness by Radclyffe Hall, Millions of Cats by Wanda Gág, Decline and Fall by Evelyn Waugh, The Mystery of the Blue Train by Agatha Christie, Story of the Eye by Georges Bataille, The Threepenny Opera by Bertolt Brecht, and An American in Paris by George Gershwin.

See also

References

External links