Social:Family tree of Chinese monarchs (early)

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Short description: Family tree of Chinese emperors (221 BCE – 453 CE)

This is a family tree of Chinese monarchs from the foundation of the Qin dynasty in 221 BCE until the end of the Sixteen Kingdoms period.


Qin dynasty

The Qin dynasty (秦朝) was established in 221 BCE after Qin Shi Huang, King of Qin, conquered his final independent neighbour, the state of Qi. It is now recognised as the first Chinese imperial dynasty in the modern sense of the term; in recognition of this, its rulers were for the first time titled "Emperor" (皇帝), a title of which the components are drawn from legend, higher than the previous title "King" (王). The ancestral name of the family was Ying (嬴), although it is anachronistic to regard this as a family name in the modern sense: it would not have been used together with a given name. The titles of the Qin emperors were literally regnal numbers: "Qin Shi Huang" (秦始皇), in full "Qin Shi Huangdi" (秦始皇帝) means literally "the first Emperor of Qin", "Qin Er Shi" (秦二世), in full "Qin Er Shi Huangdi" (秦二世皇帝) means "the second Emperor of Qin", and so forth.


Han dynasty and Three Kingdoms

Han dynasty, Xin dynasty and Shu Han

Emperor Xian, the last emperor of the Han dynasty, was a descendant of the first emperor Liu Bang. Lasting for over 400 years (the first to last for more than a century), the Han dynasty is regarded as one of the golden ages of Chinese history. The Han dynasty was interrupted by the reign of the usurper Wang Mang, who declared the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD); on this basis, the Han dynasty is generally divided into the Western Han (206 BC – 9 AD and 23–25 AD) and the Eastern Han (25–220 AD). The rulers of the Shu Han, one of the three successor states to the Han dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, were descended from the Han imperial family, and considered themselves a continuation of the Han dynasty; they are included below.

Han Dynasty, Xin Dynasty and Shu Han
Liu Taigong
劉太公 d. 197 BC
234
Liu Xi 劉喜
d. 193 BC
Prince Qing
of Dai 代頃王
Liu Bang 劉邦
256–195 BC

Gaozu 高祖
206–195 BC
Liu Jiao 劉交
d. 178 BC
Prince Yuan
of Chu 楚元王
1124569
Liu Pi 劉濞
216–154 BC
Prince of Wu 吳王
Liu Fei 劉肥
d. 189 BC
Prince Daohui
of Qi 齊悼惠王
Liu Ying 劉盈
210–188 BC

Huidi 惠帝
195–188 BC
Liu Ruyi
劉如意
208–194 BC
Prince Yin
of Zhao 趙隱王
Liu Heng 劉恆
202–157 BC

Wendi 文帝
180–157 BC
Liu You 劉友
d. 181 BC
Prince Ji
of Zhao 趙幽王
Princess
Luyuan
d.187 BC
Liu Yingke
劉郢客
d. 174 BC
Prince Yi
of Chu 楚夷王
31212
Liu Zhang
劉章 d. 177 BC
Prince Jing
of Chengyang
城陽景王
Liu Gong 劉恭
Qianshao
前少

188–184 BC
Liu Hong 劉弘
Houshao
後少

184–180 BC
Liu Qi 劉啟
188–141 BC

Jingdi 景帝
157–141 BC
Liu Wu 劉武
c.184–144 BC
Prince Xiao
of Liang
Liu Sui 劉遂
d. 154 BC
Prince of Zhao
趙王
Liu Wu 劉戊
d. 154 BC
Prince of Chu
楚王
56910
Liu Xi 劉喜
Prince Gong
of Chengyang
城阳恭王
Liu Fei 劉非
169–128 BC
Prince Yi
of Jiangdu
江都易王
Liu Fa 劉發
d. 127 BC
Prince Ding
of Changsha
长沙定王
Liu Sheng
劉勝 d. 113 BC
Prince Jing
of Zhongshan
中山靖王
Liu Che 劉徹
157–87 BC

Wudi 武帝
141–87 BC
Princess
Pingyang
平陽公主
13156
Liu Yan 劉延
Prince Qing
of Chengyang
城阳顷王
Liu Mai 劉買
Marquess Jie
of Chongling
舂陵节侯
Liu Ju 劉據
128–91 BC
Crown Prince Li
戾太子
Liu Bo 劉髆
d. 86 BC
Prince Ai
of Changyi
昌邑哀王
Liu Fuling 劉弗陵
94–74 BC>

Zhaodi 昭帝
87–74 BC
1211
Liu Yi 劉义
Prince Jing
of Chengyang
城阳敬王
Liu Xiongqu
劉熊渠
Marquess Dai
of Chongling
舂陵戴侯
Liu Wai 劉外
Govnr. of
Yulin Comm.
郁林太守
Liu Jin 劉進
113–91 BC
Emperor's father
Dao 悼皇考
Liu He 劉賀
~92–59 BC

Pr. of Changyi
昌邑王
74 BC
Liu Wu 劉武
Prince Hui
of Chengyang
城阳惠王
Liu Li 劉利
Govnr. of
Cangwu Comm.
苍梧太守
Liu Hui 劉回
Superint. of
Julu 巨鹿都尉
Wang Jin
王禁
Liu Xun 劉詢
91–49 BC

Xuandi 宣帝
74–49 BC
13
Liu Shun 劉顺
Prince Huang
of Chengyang
城阳荒王
Liu Zizhang
劉子張
Liu Qin 劉欽
d. 3 AD
Magistr. of
Nandun county
南顿令
Wang Man
王曼
Wang
Zhengjun
王政君
71 BC–13 AD
Liu Shi 劉奭
75–33 BC
Yuandi 元帝
49–33 BC
Liu Xiao 劉囂
d. 25 BC
Prince Xiao
of Chu 楚孝王
WESTN HAN
RESTORATION
EASTN HANXIN
DYNASTY
123
Liu Xian 劉宪
Marquess
of Shi 式侯
Liu Xuan 劉玄
d. 25 AD

Gengshi
更始

23–25 AD
Liu Xiu 劉秀
5 BC – 57 AD

Guangwu
光武

25–57 AD
45 BC–23 AD
Wang Mang
王莽

9–23 AD
Liu Ao 劉驁
51–7 BC

Chengdi
成帝

33–7 BC
Liu Kang 劉康
d. 23 BC
Gongdi 恭帝
Liu Xing 劉興
d. 8 BC
Prince Xiao
of Zhongshan
中山孝王
Liu Xun 劉勳
Marquess Yang
of Guangqi
广戚炀侯
47
Liu Meng 劉萌
Marquess
of Shi 式侯
Liu Zhuang 劉莊
28–75 AD

Mingdi 明帝
57–75 AD
Liu Ying
劉英 d. 71
Prince of Chu
Liu Xin 劉欣
27–1 BC

Aidi 哀帝
7–1 BC
Empress
Wang
王皇后
8 BC – 23 AD
Liu Kan 劉衎
9 BC – 6 AD

Pingdi 平帝
1 BC – 6 AD
Liu Xian 劉顯
Marquess of
Guangqi 广戚侯
1
Liu Penzi
劉盆子
b.10 AD
25–27 AD
Liu Da 劉炟
57–88 AD

Zhangdi 章帝
75–88 AD
Liu Ying 劉嬰
5–25 AD

Ruzi 孺子
6–9 AD
13456
Liu Kang 劉伉
d. 93
Prince Zhen
of Qiancheng
千乘贞王
Liu Qing 劉慶
78–106

Xiaode 孝德
Liu Zhao 劉肇
79–105

Hedi 和帝
88–105
Liu Shou
劉壽 d. 120
Prince Hui
of Jibei 济北惠王
Liu Kai 劉開
d. 132
Xiaomu 孝穆
skipped
generations
2
Liu Chong
劉寵 d. 122
Prince Yi
of Le'an 乐安夷王
Liu Hu 劉祜
94–125

Andi 安帝
106–125
Liu Long 劉隆
105–106

Shangdi 殤帝
105–106
Liu Yi 劉懿
d. 125

Shaodi 少帝
125
Liu Yi 劉翼
Xiaochong
孝崇
Liu Shu 劉淑
Xiaoyuan 孝元
Liu Xiong
劉雄
1
Liu Hong 劉弘
d. 147
Prince Xiao
of Bohai 渤海孝王
Liu Bao 劉保
115–144

Shundi 順帝
125–144
Liu Zhi 劉志
132–168

Huandi 桓帝
146–168
Liu Chang 劉萇
Xiaoren 孝仁
Liu Hong
劉弘
1SHU HAN
Liu Zuan 劉纘
138–146

Zhidi 質帝
145–146
Liu Bing 劉炳
143–145

Chongdi
沖帝

144–145
Liu Hong 劉宏
156–189

Lingdi 靈帝
168–189
Liu Bei 劉備
161–223

Zhaoliedi
昭烈帝

221–223
121
Liu Bian 劉辯
176–189

Shaodi 少帝
189
Liu Xie 劉協
181–234

Xiandi 獻帝
189–220
Liu Shan 劉禪
207–271

Xiaohuaidi
孝懷帝

223–263

Cao Wei

Eastern Wu

Jin dynasty and Chu

The following is a family tree for the Jin dynasty, which ruled a unified China during the Western Jin Dynasty (265–316 AD). Although greatly weakened by the War of the Eight Princes during the reign of the developmentally disabled Emperor Hui, when members of the clan fought among themselves for imperial control, and forced Eastwards after the conquest of their capital in 316 AD, the dynasty nonetheless continued in the form of the Eastern Jin Dynasty until 420 AD.

Jin Dynasty and Chu
  • – Western Jin dynasty emperor;
  • – Eastern Jin dynasty emperor;
  • – The Eight Princes
  • - - - - - = The dashed line denotes an adoption
Sima Ang 司馬昂
d. 205 BC

Yinwang 殷王
206–205 BC
skipped
generations
Sima Jun
司馬儁
113–197
Sima Fang
司馬防
149–219
Sima Lang
司馬朗
171–217
Sima Fu
司馬孚
180–272
Sima Yi 司馬懿
179–251

Xuandi 宣帝
Sima Kui
司馬馗
Sima Wang
司馬望 205–271
Prince of Langyang
Sima Gui
司馬瑰 d. 274
Prince of Taiyuan
Sima Zhao
司馬昭 211–265
Wendi 文帝
Sima Liang
司馬亮 d. 291
Prince of Runan
Sima Lun
司馬倫
r.301?; d. 301
Prince of Zhao
Sima Shi
司馬師
208–255

Jingdi 景帝
Sima Zhou
司馬伷
227–283
Sima Tai
司馬泰 d. 299
Prince of Gaomi
Sima Yong
司馬顒 d. 306
Prince of Hejian
Sima Yan 司馬炎
236–290

Wudi 武帝
265–290
Sima You
司馬攸
248–283
Prince of Qi
Sima Jin
司馬覲 256–290
Prince of Langye
Sima Yue
司馬越 d. 311
Prince of
Donghai
Sima Mo
司馬模
d. 311

Prince of
Nanyang
Sima Zhong 司馬衷
259–307

Huidi 惠帝
290–307
Sima Wei
司馬瑋
271–291
Prince of Chu
Sima Ai 司馬乂
277–304
Prince of
Changsha
Sima Jiong
司馬冏
d. 302
Prince of Qi
Sima Rui 司馬睿
276–323

Yuandi 元帝
317–323
Sima Bao 司馬保
294–320

Yuanwang
元王

319–320
Sima Yu 司馬遹
278–300
Crown Prince
Sima Ying
司馬穎 279–306
Prince
of Chengdu
Sima Yan
司馬晏283–313
Prince of Wu
Sima Chi 司馬熾
284–313

Huaidi 懷帝
307–311
Huan Yi
桓彝
276–328
Sima Ye 司馬業
300–318

Mindi 愍帝
313–316
Sima Shao 司馬紹
299–326

Mingdi 明帝
323–326
Sima Yu 司馬昱
320–372

Jianwen 簡文
371–372
Huan Chong
桓沖 328–384
Prince of
Xuancheng
Huan Wen
桓溫 312–373
Xuanwu 宣武
Sima Xingnan
司馬興男
Sima Yan 司馬衍
321–342

Chengdi 成帝
326–342
Sima Yue 司馬岳
322–344

Kangdi 康帝
342–344
Sima Yao 司馬曜
362–396

Xiaowu 孝武
372–396
Sima Daozi
司馬道子
364–403
Prince of Kuaiji
Huan Xuan
桓玄 369–404
Wudao 武悼
of Chu

403–404
Sima Pi 司馬丕
341–365

Aidi 哀帝
361–365
Sima Yi 司馬奕
342–386

Feidi 廢帝
365–371
Sima Dan 司馬聃
343–361

Mudi 穆帝
344–361
Sima Dezong
382–419

Andi 安帝
396–403;
404–419
Sima Dewen
司馬德文 386–421

Gongdi 恭帝
419–420
Sima Yuanxian
司馬元顯
382–402
Heir Apparent
Zhongof Kuaiji
Emperor Shao
of Liu Song
(劉)宋少帝
406–422–424
Sima Maoying
司馬茂英
393?–439

Sixteen Kingdoms

Cheng Han

(Han) Former Zhao

(Han) Former Zhao emperors family tree
Huzheng 呼徵
(d. 179; r. 178–179)
Qiangqui 羌渠
(d. 188; r. 179–188)
Liu Liang 刘亮
Yufuluo 於夫羅
Chizhishizhuhou
持至尸逐侯

(150–196; r. 188–195)
Huchuquan
呼廚泉
(d.? r. 195–216)
Liu Guang 刘广
HAN?
Liu Bao 劉豹
(d.?; r. 216–260)
Liu Qubei
劉去卑
d. 272; r. 260–272
Liu Fang 刘防
Liu Yannian
刘延年
Liu Yuan 劉淵 (d. 310)
Guangwen
光文
(r. 304–310)
Liu Xiong
刘雄
See XiaLiu Lu 劉綠
(FORMER) ZHAO
Liu He
劉和

(d./r. 310)
Liu Gong 刘恭
d. 310
Liu Cong 劉聰 (d. 318)
Zhāowǔdi
昭武皇帝
(r. 310–318)
Liu Yu 劉裕
(d. 310)
Liu Long 刘隆
d. 310
Liu Yi 刘乂
(d. 317)
Liu Yao 劉曜
(d. 329; r. 318–329)
Liu Can 劉粲 (d. 318)
Yin
隱帝
(r. 318)
Liu Yin 劉胤
(d./r. 329)
Liu Xi 劉熙
(d./r. 329)
Liu Yuangong
劉元公 (d. 318)

Yan states and Tuyuhun

Legend about affiliations:
  •      – Former Yan
  •      – Later Yan
  •      – Northern Yan
  •      – Southern Yan
  •      – Western Yan
  •     Tuyuhun
Murong clan family tree
Murong
慕容
?–156–181
skipped
generations
Murong Mohuba
慕容莫护跋
r. ?–246
Murong Muyan
慕容木延
r. 246–271
Murong Shegui
慕容涉归
r. 271–283
Murong Shan
慕容刪
r. 283–285
Murong
Tuyuhun

慕容吐谷浑
Henan King
284–317
Murong Yun
慕容运
Murong Hui
慕容廆
Duke Xiang
of Liaodong

269–307–333
Murong Tuyan
慕容吐延
Henan King
317–329
Murong Huang
慕容皝
Wenming
of Former Yan

297–333–348
Murong Ping
慕容評
Regent of
Murong Wei
?-?
Murong Yeyan
慕容葉延
Tuyuhun King
329–351
Murong Yong
of Western Yan

慕容永(d. 394)
(r. 386–394)
Murong Jun
慕容儁
Jingzhao
of Former Yan

319–348–360
Murong Ke
慕容恪
Prince Huan
of Taiyuan
(?–367)
Murong Huan
慕容桓 (?–373)
Prince of Yidu
Murong Na
慕容纳 (?–385)
Prince of Beihai
Murong Chui
慕容垂
Wucheng
of (Later) Yan

326–384–396
Murong De
慕容德
Xianwu of
(Southern) Yan

336–398–405
Murong Suixi
慕容碎奚
Tuyuhun King
351–371
Murong Wei
You
of Former Yan

350–360–
370
–385
Murong Hong
of Western Yan

慕容泓 (d. 384)
Murong Chong
慕容冲
Wei
of Western Yan

359–384–386
Murong Yi
Prince of
(Western) Yan

慕容顗 (d./r. 386)
Murong Chao
of Southern Yan

慕容超
385–405–410
Murong Bao
慕容宝
Huimin
of (Later) Yan

355–396–398
Murong Nong
慕容農
Prince Huanlie
of Liaoxi
d. 398
Murong Long
慕容隆
Prince Kang
of Gaoyang
d. 397
Murong Lin
慕容麟
Prince of Zhao
r. 397; d. 398
Murong Xi
慕容熙
Zhaowen
of (Later) Yan

385–401–407
Feng An 馮安
Murong Shilian
慕容視連
?–371–390
Murong Zhong
(Prince) of
(Western) Yan

慕容忠(d./r. 386)
Murong Yao
(Prince) of
(Western) Yan

慕容瑶(d./r. 386)
Murong Sheng
慕容盛
Zhaowu
of (Later) Yan

373–398–401
Murong Hui
慕容會
Prince of
Qinghe
373–397
Gao/Murong Yun
高/慕容云 (d. 409)
Huiyi
of (Later)/
(Northern)Yan

r. 407–409
Feng Ba
馮跋 (d. 430)
Wencheng
of Northern Yan

r. 409–430
Feng Hong
馮弘 d. 438
Zhaocheng
of Northern
Yan

r. 430–436
Murong Shipi
慕容視羆
368–390–400
Murong Wugeti
慕容烏紇褆
?–400–405
Murong
Shuluogan

慕容樹洛干
392–405–417
Murong Achai
慕容阿柴
?–417–424
Murong Mugui
慕容慕璝
?–424–436
Murong Muliyan
慕容慕利延
?–436–452
Murong Shiyin
慕容拾寅
?–452–481
Murong Duyihou
慕容度易侯
?–481–490
Murong
Fulianchou

慕容伏連籌
?–490–540
Murong
Heluozhen

呵羅真
?–529–530
Murong Kualu
慕容夸呂
?–540–591
Murong Fofu
佛輔
?–530–534
Murong Shifu
慕容世伏
?–591–597
Murong Fuyun
慕容伏允
?–597–635
Murong
Ketazhen

可沓振
?–534–540
Murong Shun
慕容顺
604–635
Murong
Nuohebo

慕容諾曷鉢
?–635–672–688

Later Zhao

Former Liang

Later Liang

Northern Liang

Western Liang

Former Qin

Later Qin

Western Qin

Southern Liang

Xia

Other states contemporaneous with Sixteen Kingdoms

Dai

Zhai Wei