Software:Karate
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| Original author(s) | Peter Thomas |
|---|---|
| Initial release | February 08, 2017 |
| Repository | https://github.com/karatelabs/karate |
| Written in | Java |
| License | MIT |
Karate is an open-source general-purpose test-automation framework that can script calls to HTTP end-points and assert that the JSON or XML responses are as expected. Karate also has support for service-virtualization where it can bring up "mock" (or stub) servers which can substitute for web-services that need to participate in an integration-test. Karate's capabilities include being able to run tests in parallel, HTML reports and compatibility with Continuous Integration tools.
The additional capability to re-use functional tests as performance-tests via integration with the Gatling tool was released in July 2018[1] The project also added the capability to perform web-UI automation in 2019[2] which was declared out of RC (release-candidate) status in 2020.[3] Support for Microsoft Windows desktop automation was introduced in 2020.[4]
Karate is implemented in Java but test-scripts are written in Gherkin since Karate was originally an extension of the Cucumber framework.
History
Karate was created by Peter Thomas.[5]
Basic usage
This example shows what a simple Karate test script looks like and how it is based on the Gherkin syntax.
Feature: karate 'hello world' example
Scenario: create and retrieve a cat
Given url 'http://myhost.com/v1/cats'
And request { name: 'Billie' }
When method post
Then status 201
And match response == { id: '#notnull', name: 'Billie' }
Given path response.id
When method get
Then status 200
This actually makes two calls, first an HTTP POST to 'http://myhost.com/v1/cats' and then a GET to the same URL but with the value of response.id appended as a REST-ful path parameter. The match keyword is used for asserting that a given payload is as expected. The use of the #notnull "fuzzy match" token takes care of "ignoring" the actual value since it is dynamic, as it is a server-side auto-generated identifier.
Features
- Although based on Cucumber, Karate does not require the user to write extra "step-definitions", which saves a lot of effort. Tests are fully described in Gherkin.[6]
- Built-in support for switching the environment[7]
- Comprehensive support for HTTP, including SOAP/XML, HTTPS, HTTP proxies, URL-encoded form data, multi-part file uploads[7]
- HTTP API mocks
- Integration with popular Java unit-testing frameworks such as JUnit[8]
- Compatibility with continuous integration tools[8]
- Web-browser automation of Chrome via the Chrome DevTools Protocol[2]
- Cross-browser automation via the W3C WebDriver specification
Reception
Karate was featured as one of the top 5 open-source API testing tools within six months of its release.[9] It was also mentioned as one of the 10 API testing tools to try in 2017.[7]
Karate was first listed in the ThoughtWorks Technology Radar in 2019[10] with a rating of "Assess". One year later it moved into the "Trial" category in May 2020.[11]
References
- ↑ "Karate 0.8.0 release notes - which introduced performance-testing". https://github.com/karatelabs/karate/releases/tag/v0.8.0.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Thomas, Peter. "The world needs an alternative to Selenium - so we built one". https://hackernoon.com/the-world-needs-an-alternative-to-selenium-so-we-built-one-zrk3j3nyr.
- ↑ "Karate 0.9.5 release notes - which introduced web-browser automation". https://github.com/karatelabs/karate/releases/tag/v0.9.5.
- ↑ "Karate 0.9.6 release notes - which introduced Karate Robot for Windows automation". https://github.com/karatelabs/karate/releases/tag/v0.9.6.
- ↑ Thomas, Peter (2017-02-28). "Karate: Web-Services Testing Made Simple". https://medium.com/blueprint-by-intuit/karate-web-services-testing-made-simple-366e8eb5adc0.
- ↑ "REST API Testing with Karate | Baeldung" (in en-US). Baeldung. 2017-11-16. http://www.baeldung.com/karate-rest-api-testing.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Assertible. "10 API testing tools to try in 2017". https://assertible.com/blog/10-api-testing-tools-to-try-in-2017.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Testing a Java Spring Boot REST API with Karate". https://semaphoreci.com/community/tutorials/testing-a-java-spring-boot-rest-api-with-karate.
- ↑ "5 top open-source API testing tools: How to choose | TechBeacon" (in en). TechBeacon. https://techbeacon.com/5-top-open-source-api-testing-tools-how-choose.
- ↑ "ThoughtWorks Technology Radar Vol. 20 (April 2019)". https://assets.thoughtworks.com/assets/technology-radar-vol-20-en.pdf.
- ↑ "ThoughtWorks Technology Radar (Languages & Frameworks) Vol. 22 (May 2020)". https://www.thoughtworks.com/radar/languages-and-frameworks?blipid=201904027.
External links
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