Software:Python Imaging Library
| Original author(s) | Fredrik Lundh |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | Secret Labs AB |
| Initial release | 1995[1] |
| Stable release | 1.1.7
/ November 15, 2009[3] |
| Preview release | 1.2a0[2]
/ 2011 |
| Written in | Python, C |
| Type | Library for image processing |
| License | Historical Permission Notice and Disclaimer[1] |
| Original author(s) | Jeffrey A. Clark (Alex) |
|---|---|
| Initial release | 31 July 2010[1] |
| Stable release | 10.1.0
/ October 15, 2023 |
| Written in | Python, C |
| Type | Library for image processing |
| License | Python Imaging Library license[1] |
| Website | python-pillow |
Python Imaging Library is a free and open-source additional library for the Python programming language that adds support for opening, manipulating, and saving many different image file formats. It is available for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. The latest version of PIL is 1.1.7, was released in September 2009 and supports Python 1.5.2–2.7.[3]
Development of the original project, known as PIL, was discontinued in 2011.[2] Subsequently, a successor project named Pillow forked the PIL repository and added Python 3.x support.[4] This fork has been adopted as a replacement for the original PIL in Linux distributions including Debian[5] and Ubuntu (since 13.04).[6]
Capabilities
PIL offers several standard procedures for image manipulation. These include:
- per-pixel manipulations,
- masking and transparency handling,
- image filtering, such as blurring, contouring, smoothing, or edge finding,
- image enhancing, such as sharpening, adjusting brightness, contrast or color,
- adding text to images and much more.
File formats
Some of the file formats supported are PPM, PNG, JPEG, GIF, TIFF, and BMP. It is also possible to create new file decoders to expand the library of file formats accessible.[7]
Example of use
This example loads an image from the file system, blurs it, and shows both the original and the blurred image on the screen:
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter # Import classes from the library.
original_image = Image.open("file.ppm") # Load an image from the file system.
blurred_image = original_image.filter(ImageFilter.BLUR) # Blur the image.
# Display both images.
original_image.show()
blurred_image.show()
This example loads and rotates an image by 180 degrees:
from PIL import Image # Import Image class from the library.
image = Image.open("file.jpg") # Load the image.
rotated_image = image.rotate(180) # Rotate the image by 180 degrees.
rotated_image.save("file_rotated.jpg") # Save the rotated image.This example loads and crops an image:
from PIL import Image # Import Image class from library.
image = Image.open("example.jpg") # Load image.
cropped_image = image.crop((100, 100, 250, 250)) # Crop the image.
cropped_image.save("example_cropped.jpg") # Save the image.
License
The Python Imaging Library (PIL) is
Copyright © 1997-2011 by Secret Labs AB Copyright © 1995-2011 by Fredrik Lundh
Based on [1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Software License". http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/license.htm. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "effbot / pil-2009-raclette". http://hg.effbot.org/pil-2009-raclette. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Python Imaging Library". http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
- ↑ "Pillow: a modern fork of PIL". http://pillow.readthedocs.org/en/latest/. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
- ↑ "Details of package python-imaging in sid". Software in the Public Interest. http://packages.debian.org/sid/python-imaging.
- ↑ "Details of package python-imaging in raring". Canonical Ltd.. http://packages.ubuntu.com/raring/python/python-imaging.
- ↑ "D. Writing Your Own File Decoder". Effbot.org. http://effbot.org/imagingbook/decoder.htm. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
External links
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