Biology:Hydrocotyle bonariensis

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Short description: Species of flowering plant

Hydrocotyle bonariensis
Hydrocotyle bonariensis.jpg
Largeleaf pennywort
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Araliaceae
Genus: Hydrocotyle
Species:
H. bonariensis
Binomial name
Hydrocotyle bonariensis
Lam.[1]
Hydrocotyle bonariensis distMap.png
Occurrence data from GBIF
Synonyms

Hydrocotyle bonariensis Comm. ex Lam.
Hydrocotyle multiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Hydrocotyle petiolaris DC.
Hydrocotyle yucatanensis Millsp.[2]
Hydrocotyle caffra Meisn.[3]

Hydrocotyle bonariensis, the largeleaf pennywort,[1] once a member of the family Apiaceae, now in the family Araliaceae[4] and of the genus Hydrocotyle, is a hairless and creeping[5] perennial.[6]

Hydrocotyle bonariensis
Hydrocotyle bonariensis 4zz.jpg

Description

Flowers
This plant has numerous white[5] to creamy-yellow[6] flowers, and the flower stalks can be 30 centimetres (12 in) in height.[5]
Fruits and reproduction
The stems creep and root at the nodes; the plant spreads by rhizomes. Dollar Weed produces a dry dehiscent fruit that, at maturity, splits into two or more parts each with a single seed.[6]
Habitat
This plant lives in sandy areas of somewhat extreme conditions: very dry lands that are flooded sometimes.
Community species
Co-dominate species

Distribution

This species colonizes sandy ground[5] and disturbed foreshore sites, estuaries, coastline, sand dunes and ponds.[6] H. bonariensis has also displayed a tendency to prefer, and be stronger at, higher elevations.[9]

Native[10]
Afrotropic:
West-Central Tropical Africa: Cameroon
West Tropical Africa: Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal
South Tropical Africa: Angola, Mozambique
Southern Africa: South Africa
Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar , Mauritius, Réunion
Nearctic:
Southeastern United States: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina
South-Central United States: Texas
Neotropic:
Central America: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama
Caribbean: Cuba, Puerto Rico
Northern South America: Venezuela
Brazil: Brazil
Western South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Peru
Southern South America: Argentina , Chile , Paraguay, Uruguay

Neighbors

Colombian communities
In a remote sensing project for rapid ecological evaluation, H. bonariensis was found in Colombia inhabiting several of the evaluated areas; the last two communities are considered exceptional for the diversity.[11]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). "PLANTS Profile, Hydrocotyle bonariensis". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=HYBO. 
  2. ↑ Tropicos. "Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam.". Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/01702251. 
  3. ↑ "Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. record n° 27212". African Plants Database. South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and Tela Botanica.. http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/bd/africa/details.php?langue=an&id=27212. 
  4. ↑ "genus Hydrocotyle". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) online database. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=5898. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Aluka. "Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. [family UMBELLIFERAE"]. African Plants. Ithaka Harbors, Inc. http://www.aluka.org/action/showCompilationPage?doi=10.5555/AL.AP.COMPILATION.PLANT-NAME-SPECIES.HYDROCOTYLE.BONARIENSIS. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "Ecology of Cumberland Plain Woodland *Hydrocotyle bonariensis". Hot Science topics. Department of Environment and Climate Change, Botanic Gardens Trust. http://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/science/hot_science_topics/Ecology_of_Cumberland_Plain_Woodland/woodland_plants/hydrocotyle_bonariensis. 
  7. ↑ Klein, Alecsandro Schardosim; Vanilde Citadini-Zanette; Robson Santos (September 2007). "Florística e estrutura comunitária de restinga herbácea no município de Araranguá, Santa Catarina" (in es). Biotemas 20 (3): 15–26. – 1643. http://www.biotemas.ufsc.br/pdf/volume203/p15a26.pdf. Retrieved 2008-04-25. 
  8. ↑ "HABITATS DE PRAIAS DO ATLÂNTICO" (in pt). DESCRIÇÃO DO SITE. BRAZILIAN LONG TERM ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH (PELD). http://www.peld.furg.br/portugues/habitates_de_praias_do_oceno.htm. 
  9. ↑ Knight, Tiffany M.; Thomas E. Miller (2004). "Local adaptation within a population of Hydrocotyle bonariensis". Evolutionary Ecology Research (6): 103–114. http://www.biology.wustl.edu/faculty/knight/knightandmiller.pdf. Retrieved 2008-04-25. 
  10. ↑ {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Hydrocotyle bonariensis | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 2008-04-25 }}
  11. ↑ Berlinc, Christian Niel; Rosario Beyhaut (17–23 October 2004). "RAPID ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION FOR THE PROJECT ON THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT TREATIES". Remote Sensing Technologies for Ecosystem Management Treaties. Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs and United States Department of State. http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/rs-treaties/papers/LM_October2004fieldreport_english.pdf. 

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q5954749 entry



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