Biology:Brood XIII
Brood XIII (also known as Brood 13 or Northern Illinois Brood) is one of 15 separate broods of periodical cicadas that appear regularly throughout the midwestern United States . Every 17 years, Brood XIII tunnels en masse to the surface of the ground, mates, lays eggs, and then dies off over several weeks.
Entomologist Charles Lester Marlatt published an account in 1907 in which he postulated the existence of 30 broods. The number has since been consolidated, and only 15 broods of periodical cicadas are currently recognized. Of these, twelve (Broods I through X, XIII, and XIV) are 17-year broods and three (Broods XIX, XXII, and XXIII) are 13-year broods.[1] Brood XI is extinct and Brood XII is not currently recognized as a brood of 17-year cicadas.[2]
The most recent appearance of Brood XIII was in the spring and early summer of 2007, throughout an area roughly enclosed by northern Illinois, eastern Iowa, southern Wisconsin, and a narrow strip of Indiana bordering Lake Michigan and Michigan. It will emerge again in 2024[2] and 2041.[3]
The 4-centimeter long black bugs do not sting or bite. Once they emerge, they spend their two-week lives climbing trees, shedding their exoskeletons and reproducing. They can number up to a million per hectare.
The Northern Illinois brood, which will emerge in late May 2024, has a reputation for the largest emergence of cicadas known anywhere.[4]
Ravinia
In the northern Chicago suburb of Highland Park, there was a concern about how the cicadas might drown out the music at the Ravinia Festival during May and June, the peak months of cicada activity. According to the Chicago Tribune, Ravinia adjusted the schedule so that Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) concerts took place in July, after the outbreak in 2007. Apart from the CSO concerts, all other events took place as scheduled.[5]
2020 Sub-Brood
Some of the Northern Illinois Sub-Brood (part of Marlatt's XIII) cicadas emerge 4 years early, particularly in the Chicago area in 2020.[6]
Gallery
Brood XIII Magicicada in various stages of molting.
Brood XIII instar
Newly molted Brood XIII
A group of Brood XIII Magicicada on a bush
Brood XIII in Westchester, Ill. on June 21, 2007
References
- ↑ Susan L. Post. "A Trill of a Lifetime". Illinois Natural History Survey. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois. Archived from the original on 2012-05-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20120511211609/http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/highlights/periodicalCicada.html.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 David Marshall, John Cooley, Chris Simon (2024). "Magicicada broods and distributions". Cicadas. Storrs, Connecticut: University of Connecticut. https://cicadas.uconn.edu/broods/.
- ↑ Thomas E. Moore. "Genus Magicidada: periodical cicadas". Singing Insects of North America. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida. Archived from the original on December 10, 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20081210102911/http://buzz.ifas.ufl.edu/g900a.htm. Retrieved October 26, 2011.
- ↑ "Cicadas in Illinois - 13 or 17 Year "Locust"". https://web.extension.illinois.edu/cicadas/13or17year.html.
- ↑ "Topic Galleries". chicagotribune.com. http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-070313cicadas,1,5278420.story. Retrieved 2011-06-28.[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
- ↑ "Brood XIII". https://www.cicadamania.com/cicadas/category/broods/brood-xiii/.
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